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Summary
Abstract
Protocol
Discussion
Disclosures
Acknowledgements
Materials
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医学

利用经颅磁刺激，以研究人类的神经肌肉系统

Published: January 20, 2012
doi:
10.3791/3387
, ,
1Ohio Musculoskeletal and Neurological Institute (OMNI) and the Department of Biomedical Sciences,Ohio University

Summary

经颅磁刺激（TMS）是一种非侵入性的工具获得洞察力和人体神经系统的生理功能。在这里，我们目前TMS的技术研究上肢和腰部肌肉的皮质兴奋。

Abstract

经颅磁刺激（TMS）已经在使用20年以上1，并已越来越流行指数在过去的十年。虽然使用TMS的扩大，在此期间，许多系统和过程的研究，原来的应用程序，或许TMS的最常见的用途之一，涉及到学习的生理，可塑性和人类的神经肌肉系统的功能。单脉冲TMS适用于运动皮层兴奋的锥体神经元transsynaptically 2（图1）和可衡量的肌电反应，可用于研究和评估人类的3皮质脊髓束的完整性和兴奋结果。此外，在磁刺激技术的最新进展现在允许皮层与脊髓兴奋4,5分区。例如，双脉冲TMS的可以用来评估intracortical易化和抑制性能相结合的条件ING刺激和刺激测试，在不同的interstimulus 时间间隔3,4,6-8。在这个视频文章中，我们将演示这些技术的方法和技术方面。具体来说，我们将证明单脉冲和双脉冲TMS的技术，适用于桡侧腕屈（FCR）的肌肉以及竖脊肌（ES）肌肉。我们的实验室研究FCR的肌肉，因为它是利益上腕手的石膏固定减少肌肉性能 6,9影响的研究，我们研究的ES肌肉由于这些肌肉的临床意义，因为它涉及到腰痛8。这说明，我们应该注意到，TMS已被用来研究的手，手臂和腿的许多肌肉，并应重申我们在FCR和ES肌肉群的游行示威，只选择了TMS的例子被用来研究人类神经肌肉制度。

Protocol

1。 FCR和ES肌肉的单和双脉冲TMS 基本安全预防措施：在此之前执行TMS在一个人的主体性是必要的，因为它涉及到基本的安全预防措施，他们的第一个屏幕接触磁场。在我们的实验室中，我们遵循筛选磁共振安全， 教育和研究10研究所提出的指导方针。在我们的实验室中，我们也经常与癫痫发作的家族病史的人排除在外。我们还要求受试者接受TMS的ES肌肉戴上耳塞和一?…

Discussion

这篇文章的总体目标是提供了我们的实验室，视觉帐户使用经颅磁刺激的科学家和临床医生。然而，除了提供这些实验的可视化，下面我们讨论执行TMS以这种方式时要考虑的基本问题，提供了一个简要介绍TMS的反应的生理，并讨论关于使用TMS的使用别人。

一般的问题要知道当执行条所述的TMS

在执行配对脉冲TMS的时需要注意的几个问题。例如，Magstim BiStim <su…

Disclosures

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

这项工作是由骨科遗产基金会公元前克拉克的资助部分经费。我们希望国家​​特别感谢她的协助您玛丽莎麦克金尼创造许多数字图形。

Materials

Name of the Equipment Company Catalogue number Comments (optional)
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulator 2002
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulator Bi-Stim2
Figure-Eight 70-mm coil
Double Cone Coil		 The Magstim Company NA TMS equipment (including coils)
Biodex System 4 Biodex NA Dynamometer
Biopac MP150 Data Acquisition System Biopac MP150WSW A-D converter for EMG and force
AcqKnowledge 4.0 Data acquisition software Biopac ACK100W  
Nikomed Trace 1 ECG electrodes Nikomed 2015 EMG electrodes
Constant Current Stimulator Digitimer DS7A Peripheral nerve stimulator
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Tags

Transcranial Magnetic StimulationTMSHuman Neuromuscular SystemPyramidal NeuronsElectromyographic ResponseCorticospinal TractIntracortical Facilitatory And Inhibitory PropertiesFlexor Carpi RadialisErector SpinaeWrist-hand Cast Immobilization

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Goss, D. A., Hoffman, R. L., Clark, B. C. Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System. J. Vis. Exp. (59), e3387, doi:10.3791/3387 (2012).
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