Texas A&M College of Medicine 1 article published in JoVE Bioengineering Fabrication and Characterization of Optical Tissue Phantoms Containing Macrostructure Madeleine S. Durkee1, Landon D. Nash1, Fatemeh Nooshabadi1, Jeffrey D. Cirillo2, Duncan J. Maitland1, Kristen C. Maitland1 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, 2Deparment of Molecular Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M College of Medicine Optical tissue phantoms are essential tools for calibration and characterization of optical imaging systems and validation of theoretical models. This article details a method for phantom fabrication that includes replication of tissue optical properties and three-dimensional tissue structure.