We will demonstrate the setup and analysis of pre-microRNA 96-well arrays for QPCR using a robot as well as by hand with a Thermo Scientific Matrix multichannel pipette.
Abstract
Quantitative real-time PCR (QPCR) has emerged as an accurate and valuable tool in profiling gene expression levels. One of its many advantages is a lower detection limit compared to other methods of gene expression profiling while using smaller amounts of input for each assay. Automated qPCR setup has improved this field by allowing for greater reproducibility. Its convenient and rapid setup allows for high-throughput experiments, enabling the profiling of many different genes simultaneously in each experiment. This method along with internal plate controls also reduces experimental variables common to other techniques.
We recently developed a qPCR assay for profiling of pre-microRNAs (pre-miRNAs) using a set of 186 primer pairs. MicroRNAs have emerged as a novel class of small, non-coding RNAs with the ability to regulate many mRNA targets at the post-transcriptional level. These small RNAs are first transcribed by RNA polymerase II as a primary miRNA (pri-miRNA) transcript, which is then cleaved into the precursor miRNA (pre-miRNA). Pre-miRNAs are exported to the cytoplasm where Dicer cleaves the hairpin loop to yield mature miRNAs. Increases in miRNA levels can be observed at both the precursor and mature miRNA levels and profiling of both of these forms can be useful. There are several commercially available assays for mature miRNAs; however, their high cost may deter researchers from this profiling technique. Here, we discuss a cost-effective, reliable, SYBR-based qPCR method of profiling pre-miRNAs. Changes in pre-miRNA levels often reflect mature miRNA changes and can be a useful indicator of mature miRNA expression. However, simultaneous profiling of both pre-miRNAs and mature miRNAs may be optimal as they can contribute nonredundant information and provide insight into microRNA processing. Furthermore, the technique described here can be expanded to encompass the profiling of other library sets for specific pathways or pathogens.
Protocol
The qPCR pre-miRNA profiling arrays can be set up as fully automated with a Tecan Freedom Evo robot (A) or by hand with the Matrix electronic multichannel pipette (B). 1)Prepare the master mix, primer plates and samples. Primer plates containing 186 primer pairs in 96-well format (total of 2 plates) at 0.5pM should be stored at -80°C. Thaw plates out at room temperature, vortex and centrifuge briefly before use. To prepare the master mix, thaw out SYBR Green 2x P…
Discussion
QPCR is a highly sensitive assay that can be used to compare gene expression levels between samples in a study, as well as to determine positivity in the case of viruses. The benefit of using qPCR arrays is the ability to run many primers (in our case, 186 primer pairs) for each sample in a short period of time. Using a pipetting robot such as the Tecan Freedom Evo, the amount of time required to set an experiment up can be further reduced, and the accuracy and consistency of the robot can reduce and eliminate pipettin…
Divulgations
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by NIH grants DE018304, R01DE018281. K.T. is supported by T32 GM07092-34 and by a grant to the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill from Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) through the Med into Grad Initiative. PC is supported by T32 CA009156.
Materials
Material Name
Type
Company
Catalogue Number
Comment
Freedom Evo 150
Tecan
30017587
Matrix Electronic Multichannel Pipette
Thermo Scientific
2001-MTX
(or any comparable Thermo Scientific multichannel that can pipette the volumes described above)
Chugh, P., Tamburro, K., Dittmer, D. P. Profiling of Pre-micro RNAs and microRNAs using Quantitative Real-time PCR (qPCR) Arrays. J. Vis. Exp. (46), e2210, doi:10.3791/2210 (2010).