簡単かつ迅速なプロトコル非酵素的に浸潤リンパ球の分析のための新鮮なヒト組織を解離
Summary
This protocol describes the rapid non-enzymatic dissociation of fresh human tissue fragments for qualitative and quantitative assessment of CD45+ cells (lymphocytes/leukocytes) present in various normal and malignant human tissues. Additionally, the supernatant obtained from the primary tissue homogenate can be collected and stored for further analysis or experimentation.
Abstract
両方の自然免疫と適応免疫応答から腫瘍回避することを特徴とする免疫系を回避するために、悪性細胞の能力は、現在、癌の重要な特質として受け入れられている。乳癌に関する我々の研究は、腫瘍浸潤リンパ球は、腫瘍の進行および患者の転帰に果たす積極的な役割に焦点を当てています。この目標に向けて、我々は彼らの本来の状態にそれらが近接し、評価するための努力で正常と異常な組織から無傷のリンパ細胞の迅速な単離のための方法論を開発しました。酵素で消化された組織と比較して表面の受容体の発現を維持しながら、ホモジネートを、機械的解離のショーを使用して増加した生存率および細胞の回復の両方を用意しました。さらに、残りの不溶性物質の酵素消化は、プライマリホモジネートにおける定量的および定性的測定が可能性が高い純粋に組織fragmで浸潤亜集団を反映していることを示す追加のCD45 +細胞を回復しませんでしたENT。これらのホモジネート中のリンパ球様細胞は容易に免疫学（表現型は、増殖など ）または分子（DNA、RNAおよび/ またはタンパク質）に近づく使用して特徴付けることができる。 CD45 +細胞は、亜集団の精製、in vitro増殖または凍結保存のために使用することができる。このアプローチのさらなる利点は、ホモジネートから一次組織の上清を、サイトカイン、ケモカイン、免疫グロブリンおよび正常および悪性組織中に存在する抗原を特徴付け、比較するために使用することができることである。このプロトコルは、ヒト乳房組織に極めてよく機能し、正常と異常組織の多種多様に適用可能であるべきである。
Introduction
The tumor microenvironment is composed of various cell types with numerous studies showing they each play distinct and important roles in tumorigenesis1,2. These include, but are not limited to, infiltrating immune cells, stromal cells, endothelial cells and tumor cells3. Ex vivo studies of tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL; CD45+ cells or leukocytes, which are predominantly lymphocytes in breast tumors) from fresh human tissue samples is made difficult by their low frequency, the small sample sizes often available for research and the potential for loss of viability during extraction. Because immune cells infiltrating tumors are usually present as passengers rather than permanent residents in general they are easier to release from the tissue matrix.
Dissociating tumor tissue while maintaining cellular integrity is technically challenging and has traditionally been performed using a combination of mechanical and enzymatic steps to prepare single cell suspensions4-8. This approach involves lengthy incubation periods and is associated with a significant reduction in cell viability as well as the loss of cell surface receptors by enzymatic cleavage. High quality flow cytometric studies characterizing TIL in the tumor microenvironment as well as clean purifications of CD45+ subpopulations by flow cytometry or antibody-coated beads are more difficult to achieve from enzyme-digested tumor tissue. In addition, the supernatant (SN) from the resulting tumor homogenate is not amenable to further analysis including quantification of secreted proteins (cytokines, chemokines, immunoglobulins or tumor antigens) or experimental treatment of normal cells, because of the potential for protein degradation in the enzymatic digests.
In our search for a method to prepare single cell homogenates from breast tissues [including tumor, non-adjacent non-tumor (NANT) and normal (from mammary reductions) breast tissues] without enzymatic digestion, we tested a variety of mechanical homogenization techniques. Homogenates prepared using a mechanical dissociator had increased cell viability (2-fold) and total cell recovery (2-fold) while preserving surface receptor expression. Enzymatic digestion of the remaining insoluble material did not recover additional CD45+ cells suggesting they were all released in the initial homogenate. Thus, this rapid and simple approach allows both qualitative and quantitative assessment of the CD45+ subpopulations present in various normal and malignant human tissues. An added advantage of this approach is that the SN from the initial homogenate (primary tissue SN) can be collected and stored for further analysis or experimentation.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
この研究は、その後の細胞選別、抽出、凍結保存および/ またはCD45 +集団の表現型分析のために酵素消化せず、正常および悪性の乳房組織ホモジネートの迅速な調製のために最適化された方法を記載している。この実験アプローチの目的は、密接にそれらのインビボ状態を反映し、手術室からの新鮮な組織の最小限の操作で、正常組織と比較しますTILの画像を生成すること…
Divulgations
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
この作品は、科学研究費（FNRS）、レス·エイミスドゥ研究所Bordetおよび、FNRS-操作Télévie、ベルギーのプランがん、フォンランボー-Marteaux、フォンJC HeusonとフォンBarsyベルギー基金をfromtheの補助金によってサポートされていました。
Materials
| Equipment | Company | Catalog Number | Comments/Description |
| GentleMacs Dissociator | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-093-235 | BD Medimachine is somewhat equivalent |
| Centrifuge 5810 R | Eppendorf | N/A | or other standard table top centrifuge |
| Centrifuge 5417 R | Eppendorf | N/A | or other standard microcentrifuge |
| Esco Class II A2 Biosafety Cabinet | ESCO global | N/A | or other standard BSL2 hood |
| Inverted Microscope | Nikon eclipse TS100 | N/A | or other microscope compatible for a hemacytometer |
| Bürker Chamber | Marienfield | 640210 | or other standard hemacytometer |
| Navios Flow Cytometer | Beckman Coulter | N/A | or other flow cytometer (8-10 color recommended) |
| Materials | Company | Catalog Number | Comments/Description |
| GentleMacs C-Tube | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-096-344 | BD Medimachine uses Filcon |
| Cell Culture Dish | Sarstedt | 72,710 | or other non-pyrogenic plasticware |
| Disposable Scalpel | Swann-Morton | 0510 | or standard single use sterile scalpel |
| BD Cell Strainer 40µm | Becton Dickinson | 734-0002 | or other non-pyrogenic plasticware |
| BD Falcon Tube 50mL | Becton Dickinson | 352070 | or other non-pyrogenic plasticware |
| BD Falcon Tube 15mL | Becton Dickinson | 352097 | or other non-pyrogenic plasticware |
| BD FACS Tube 5mL | Becton Dickinson | 352008 | or other non-pyrogenic plasticware |
| Sterile Pasteur Pipette 5 mL | VWR | 612-1685 | or other non-pyrogenic plasticware |
| Microfuge Tube 1.5 mL | Eppendorf | 7805-00 | or other non-pyrogenic plasticware |
| Reagents | Company | Catalog Number | Comments/Description |
| X-Vivo 20 | Lonza | BE04-448Q | serum-free medium recommended |
| Phosphate buffered saline | Lonza | BE17-516F | standard physiological PBS |
| Trypan blue | VWR | 17942E | or other vital stain |
| VersaLyse | Beckman Coulter | A09777 | for flow cytometry experiments |
| Fixable viability Dye eFluor 780 | eBioscience | 65-0865-14 | for flow cytometry experiments |
| anti-CD3 FITC | BD Biosciences | 345763 | for flow cytometry experiments |
| anti-CD3 Vio Blue | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-094-363 | for flow cytometry experiments |
| anti-CD4 PE | BD Biosciences | 345769 | for flow cytometry experiments |
| anti-CD4 APC | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-091-232 | for flow cytometry experiments |
| anti-CD8 ECD | Beckman Coulter | 737659 | for flow cytometry experiments |
| anti-CD8 PerCP | BD Biosciences | 345774 | for flow cytometry experiments |
| anti-CD19 APC-Vio770 | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-096-643 | for flow cytometry experiments |
| anti-CD45 VioGreen | Miltenyi Biotec | 130-096-906 | for flow cytometry experiments |
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