常见马莫塞的全皮质电皮质阵列的慢性植入
Summary
我们已经开发了一个全皮质的电皮质阵列的共同马甲, 连续持续覆盖几乎整个侧表面的皮层, 从枕骨杆到颞叶和额叶杆。该方案描述了在马甲大脑硬膜外空间的阵列的慢性植入程序。
Abstract
电皮质成像 (ecog) 允许监测来自大脑皮层的电场电位, 具有较高的时空分辨率。薄, 柔性 ecog 电极的最新发展使得能够进行大规模皮质活动的稳定记录。我们已经开发了一个全皮质 ecog 阵列的共同马甲。该阵列持续覆盖几乎整个侧向表面的皮质半球, 从枕杆到时间和额叶极点, 它捕获全皮质神经活动在一个镜头。该方案描述了在马甲大脑硬膜外空间的阵列的慢性植入程序。在 ecog 记录方面, 马麦子有两个优点, 一个是人类和猕猴解剖结构的同源组织, 包括额叶、顶叶和时间复合物。另一个优点是, 脑是耳脑, 含有大量的复合物, 在暴露在大脑表面的带有 ecog 的猕猴中更难进入。这些特征允许直接进入大脑表面下的大多数皮质区域。该系统提供了一个机会, 可以研究全球皮质信息处理的高分辨率, 在时间和毫米顺序的时间和毫米顺序在空间。
Introduction
认知需要神经组合在广泛的大脑网络中的协调, 特别是在人类中发育良好并被认为参与更高认知行为的新皮层。然而, 新皮层如何实现这种认知行为是神经科学领域一个尚未解决的问题。薄、柔性电皮质 (ecog) 电极的最新发展使大规模皮质活动1的稳定记录能够传导。藤井和他的同事们已经开发出了一个完整的皮质 ecog 阵列的猕猴 2,3。该阵列持续覆盖几乎整个侧向皮层, 从枕极到颞叶和额叶杆, 并在一次拍摄中捕获全皮质神经活动。我们进一步开发了这个系统, 应用于普通的 4,5, 一个具有遗传可操纵性 6,7的新世界小猴子。与其他物种相比, 这种动物有几个优点。该物种的视觉、听觉、体感、运动和额叶皮质区域以前已经被绘制出来, 并报告有基本的同源组织到人类和猕猴的相同区域8, 9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16. 它们的大脑光滑, 大多数侧向皮质区域暴露在皮层表面, 这在猕猴中使用 ecog 是比较困难的。基于这些特点, 适合于电谱研究。此外, 表现出社会行为, 并被提出作为人类社会行为的候选模式.
该方案描述了在一个常见的马甲的皮层的整个外侧表面的 ecog 阵列硬膜外植入程序。它提供了一个机会来监测灵长类皮质神经科学的大规模皮质活动, 包括感官、运动、更高的认知和社会领域。
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
为了成功植入, 应在手术前后为动物提供充足的营养。短的操作时间对于优化动物的恢复也很重要。准备工作应在手术前至少一天完成。为了减少手术时间, 建议在终止的动物中插入电极阵列进行以前的开颅训练, 以达到其他实验目的。表 1显示了此协议的时间过程的示例。
我们在个案基础上修改了麻醉程序和术后治疗。在这个视频协议中, 这些动物被麻醉并通过?…
Divulgations
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
我们感谢尤里·希诺莫托提供动物护理、训练和清醒录音。ecog 阵列由 cir-tech (www.cir-tech.co.jp) 制造。此外, 我们要感谢 editage (www.editage.jp) 的英文编辑。这项工作得到了疾病综合神经技术 (brain/minds)、日本医学研究与发展署 (jp18dm0207001)、新科学倡议中心大脑科学项目的支持;cnsi)、国家自然科学研究所 (nins) (bs291004, m. k.) 和日本科学促进学会 (jpps) kakenhi (jph06034, m. k.)。
Materials
| Beaker (100 cc) | Outocrave | ||
| Cotton ball | Outocrave | ||
| Absorption triangles | Fine Science Tools Inc. | 18105-03 | Outocrave |
| Cotton swab with fine tip | Clean Cross Co., Ltd. | HUBY340 BB-013 | Outocrave |
| Gauze | Outocrave | ||
| Towel forceps | Outocrave | ||
| Scalpel handle | Outocrave | ||
| Needle Holder | Outocrave | ||
| Iris Scissor | Outocrave | ||
| Micro-Mosquito Forceps | Outocrave | ||
| Adson, 1×2 teeth | Outocrave | ||
| Bone Curette | Outocrave | ||
| Micro spatura | Fine Science Tools Inc. | 10091-12 | Outocrave |
| Needle Holders, 12.5cm, Curved, Smooth Jaws | World Precision Instruments | 14132 | Outocrave |
| Vessel Dilator, 12cm, 0.1mm tip | Fine Science Tools Inc. | 18131-12 | Outocrave |
| Vessel Dilator, 12cm, 0.2 mm tip | Fine Science Tools Inc. | 18132-12 | Outocrave |
| Fine-tipped rongeur | Fine Science Tools Inc. | 16221-14 | Outocrave |
| Manipurator of a stereotaxic frame | Gas sterilization | ||
| Wrench for the manipurator | Gas sterilization | ||
| Hand-made fixture for the connector | Gas sterilization | ||
| Silicon cup for dental acril | Gas sterilization | ||
| Silicon cup hlder | Gas sterilization | ||
| Paintbrush | Gas sterilization | ||
| Pencil | Gas sterilization | ||
| Micro screw, 1.4 mm x 2.0 mm | Nippon Chemical Screw Co., Ltd. | PEEK/MPH-M1.4-L2 | Gas sterilization |
| Screw driver for the micro screw | Gas sterilization | ||
| Micromotor handpiece of a drill | Gas sterilization | ||
| Stainless steel burr, 1.4 mm | Gas sterilization | ||
| Stainless steel burr, 1.0 mm | Gas sterilization | ||
| Drill bit, 1.2 mm | Gas sterilization | ||
| Rubber air blower | Gas sterilization |
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