Summary

OaAEP1-mediert enzymatisk syntese og immobilisering av polymerisert protein for enkeltmolekylet kraftspektroskopi

Published: February 05, 2020
doi:

Summary

Her presenterer vi en protokoll for å konjugere proteinmonomer ved enzymer som danner proteinpolymer med en kontrollert sekvens og immobilisere den på overflaten for enkeltmolekylkraftspektroskopistudier.

Abstract

Kjemiske og bio-konjugering teknikker har blitt utviklet raskt de siste årene og tillate bygging av protein polymerer. Imidlertid er en kontrollert proteinpolymeriseringsprosess alltid en utfordring. Her har vi utviklet en enzymatisk metodikk for å konstruere polymerisert protein trinnvis i en rasjonelt kontrollert sekvens. I denne metoden er C-terminus av et protein monomer NGL for proteinbøyning ved hjelp av OaAEP1 (Oldenlandia affinis asparaginyl endopeptidases) 1) mens N-terminus var et cleavable TEV (tobakk etsevirus) spaltingssted pluss en L (ENLYFQ/GL) for midlertidig N-beskyttende terminaling. Følgelig var OaAEP1 i stand til å legge til bare én proteinmonomer om gangen, og deretter tev protease spaltet N-terminus mellom Q og G for å avsløre NH2-Gly-Leu. Deretter er enheten klar for neste OaAEP1 ligation. Det konstruerte polyproteinet undersøkes ved å utfolde individuell proteindomene ved hjelp av atomkraftmikroskopibasert enkeltmolekylstyrkespektroskopi (AFM-SMFS). Derfor gir denne studien en nyttig strategi for polyproteinengineering og immobilisering.

Introduction

Sammenlignet med syntetiske polymerer har naturlige multidomener proteiner en ensartet struktur med et godt kontrollert antall og type underdomener1. Denne funksjonen fører vanligvis til forbedret biologisk funksjon og stabilitet2,3. Mange tilnærminger, som cystein-basert disulfid bindingkobling og rekombinant DNA-teknologi, er utviklet for å bygge et slikt polymerisert protein med flere domener4,5,6,7. Den tidligere metoden resulterer imidlertid alltid i en tilfeldig og ukontrollert sekvens, og sistnevnte fører til andre problemer, inkludert vanskeligheten for overuttrykk av giftige og store proteiner og rensing av komplekst protein med cofactor og andre delikate enzymer.

For å møte denne utfordringen utvikler vi en enzymatisk metode som konjugerer proteinmonomer sammen for polymer / polyprotein på en trinnvis måte ved hjelp av en proteinligase OaAEP1 kombinert med en protease TEV8,9. OaAEP1 er en streng og effektiv endopeptidase. To proteiner kan knyttes sammen kovalent som Asn-Gly-Leu sekvens (NGL) gjennom to termini av OaAEP1 på mindre enn 30 min hvis N-terminus er Gly-Leu rester (GL) og den andre som C-terminus er NGL rester10. Imidlertid fører bruk av OaAEP1 bare for å koble proteinmonomer til en proteinpolymer med en ukontrollert sekvens som cysteinbasert koblingsmetode. Derfor utformer vi N-terminus av proteinenheten med et flyttbart TEV-proteaseområde pluss en leukcinerester som ENLYFQ/G-L-POI. Før TEV-spalingen ville ikke N-terminalen delta i OaAEP1 ligation. Og så blir GL-rester ved N-terminus, som er kompatible med ytterligere OaAEP1 ligation, utsatt etter TEV-spaltingen. Dermed har vi oppnådd en sekvensiell enzymatisk biosyntesemetode for polyprotein med en relativt godt kontrollert sekvens.

Her kan vår trinnvise enzymatiske syntesemetode brukes i polyproteinprøvepreparat, inkludert sekvenskontrollert og ukontrollert, og proteinimmobilisering for enkeltmolekylstudier også, spesielt for det komplekse systemet som metalloprotein.

Videre tillater AFM-baserte SMFS-eksperimenter oss å bekrefte proteinpolymerkonstruksjonen og stabiliteten på enkeltmolekylnivå. Enkeltmolekylkraftspektroskopi, inkludert AFM, optisk pinsett og magnetisk pinsett, er et generelt verktøy i nanoteknologi for å manipulere biomolekyl mekanisk og måle stabiliteten11,12,13,14, 15,16,17,18,19,20. Enkeltmolekylet AFM har vært mye brukt i studiet av protein (un)folding21,22,23,24,25, styrkemåling av reseptor-ligand interaksjon26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34, 35, uorganisk kjemisk binding20,36,37,38,39,40,41,42,43 og metall-ligand binding i metalloprotein44,45,46,47,48,49,50 . Her brukes enkeltmolekylet AFM til å verifisere den syntetiserte polyproteinsekvensen basert på det tilsvarende proteinutfoldende signalet.

Protocol

1. Proteinproduksjon Genklone Kjøp gener koding for protein av interesse (POI): Ubiquitin, Rubredoxin (RD)51, cellulosebindende modul (CBM), dockerin-X domene (XDoc) og samhold fra Ruminococcus flavefacience, tobakk etch virus (TEV) protease, elastin-lignende polypeptider (ELPs). Utfør polymerasekjedereaksjon og bruk tre-restriksjons fordøyelsesenzymsystem BamHI-BglII-KpnI for å kombinere genet fra forskjellig…

Representative Results

NGL-rester introdusert mellom tilstøtende proteiner av OaAEP1 ligation vil ikke påvirke protein monomerstabilitet i polymeren som utfoldende kraft (<Fu>), og konturlengdeøkning (<ΔLc>) kan sammenlignes med forrige studie (Figur 1). Renseresultatet av rubredoksinproteinet er vist i figur 2. For å bevise proteinet etter TEV-spalting er kompatibelt med følgende OaAEP1 ligation for å konstruere proteinpolymer med en kontrollsekvens og ko…

Discussion

Vi har beskrevet en protokoll for enzymatisk biosyntese og immobilisering av polyprotein og verifisert polyproteindesignen av AFM-baserte SMFS. Denne metodikken gir en ny tilnærming til å bygge protein-polymer i en designet sekvens, som utfyller tidligere metoder for polyprotein engineering og immobilisering4,6,52,53,54,55<…

Divulgations

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

Dette arbeidet ble støttet av National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21771103, 21977047), Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (Grant No. BK20160639) og Shuangchuang Program of Jiangsu-provinsen.

Materials

iron (III) chloride hexahydrate Energy chemical 99%
Zinc chloride Alfa Aesar 100.00%
calcium chloride hydrate Alfa Aesar 99.9965% crystalline aggregate
L-Ascorbic Acid Sigma Life Science Bio Xtra, ≥99.0%, crystalline
(3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane Sigma-Aldrich ≥99%
sulfosuccinimidyl 4-(N-maleimidomethyl) cyclohexane-1-carboxylate Thermo Scientific 90%
Glycerol Macklin 99%
5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) Alfa Aesar
Genes Genscript
Equipment
Nanowizard 4 AFM JPK Germany
MLCT cantilever Bruker Corp
Mono Q 5/50 GL GE Healthcare
AKTA FPLC system GE Healthcare
Glass coverslip Sail Brand
Nanodrop 2000 Thermo Scientific
Avanti JXN-30 Centrifuge Beckman Coulter
Gel Image System Tanon

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Deng, Y., Zheng, B., Liu, Y., Shi, S., Nie, J., Wu, T., Zheng, P. OaAEP1-Mediated Enzymatic Synthesis and Immobilization of Polymerized Protein for Single-Molecule Force Spectroscopy. J. Vis. Exp. (156), e60774, doi:10.3791/60774 (2020).

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