RIKEN 4 articles published in JoVE Neuroscience Assessment of Long-term Depression Induction in Adult Cerebellar Slices Kazuhiko Yamaguchi1, Masao Ito2 1Laboratory for Behavioral Genetics, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN, 2Senior Adviser's Office, Center for Brain Science, RIKEN In some gene-manipulated animals, using a single protocol may fail to induce LTD in cerebellar Purkinje cells, and there may be a discrepancy between LTD and motor learning. Multiple protocols are necessary to assess LTD-induction in gene-manipulated animals. Standard protocols are shown. Genetics Cell Based Assays of SINEUP Non-coding RNAs That Can Specifically Enhance mRNA Translation Hazuki Takahashi*1, Harshita Sharma*1, Piero Carninci1,2 1Laboratory for Transcriptome Technology, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, 2TransSINE Technologies Co. Ltd. SINEUPs are synthetic antisense non-coding RNAs, which contain a binding domain (BD) and an effector domain (ED) and up-regulate translation of target mRNA. Here, we describe detection methods for SINEUPs in cultured cell lines, analysis of their translation-promoting activity by Western-blot and a semi-automated high throughput imaging system. Biology TChIP-Seq: Cell-Type-Specific Epigenome Profiling Mari Mito1,2, Mitsutaka Kadota3, Shinichi Nakagawa1,4, Shintaro Iwasaki2,5 1RNA Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, 2RNA Systems Biochemistry Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, 3Laboratory for Phyloinformatics, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 4RNA Biology Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, 5Department of Computational Biology and Medical Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo We describe a step-by-step protocol for tandem chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (tChIP-Seq) that enables the analysis of cell-type-specific genome-wide histone modification. Neuroscience In Vivo Gene Transfer to Schwann Cells in the Rodent Sciatic Nerve by Electroporation Daisuke Ino1,2, Masamitsu Iino1 1Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 2Laboratory for Cell Polarity Regulation, Quantitative Biology Center, RIKEN Here, we present an in vivo technique for gene transfer to Schwann cells (SCs) in the rodent sciatic nerve. This simple technique is useful for investigating signaling mechanisms involved in the development and maintenance of myelinating SCs.