Sungkyunkwan University 9 articles published in JoVE Biochemistry Arteriovenous Metabolomics to Measure In Vivo Metabolite Exchange in Brown Adipose Tissue Sanghun Lee*1, Gyumin Lim*2,3, Soyeon Kim*1, Hyoju Kim1, Yeon Jin Roh3, Wantae Kim2, Dong Wook Choi3, Su Myung Jung1 1Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), 2Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Chungnam National University, 3Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University In this protocol, methods relevant for BAT-optimized arteriovenous metabolomics using GC-MS in a mouse model are outlined. These methods allow for the acquisition of valuable insights into BAT-mediated metabolite exchange at the organismal level. Chemistry Preparation of Contiguous Bisaziridines for Regioselective Ring-Opening Reactions Yeongjin Lee1, Huimyoung Byeon1, Hyun-Joon Ha2, Jung Woon Yang1 1Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, 2Department of Chemistry, Hankuk University of Foreign Studies Contiguous bisaziridines containing non-activated and activated aziridines were synthesized by asymmetric organocatalytic aziridinations and then subjected to chemoselective ring-opening reactions under acidic or basic conditions. The non-activated aziridine ring opens with less reactive nucleophiles under acidic conditions, whereas the activated aziridine ring opens with more reactive nucleophiles under basic conditions. Neuroscience µTongue: A Microfluidics-Based Functional Imaging Platform for the Tongue In Vivo Jisoo Han1,2, Pyonggang Choi3, Myunghwan Choi3 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science, 3School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University The article introduces the µTongue (microfluidics-on-a-tongue) device for functional taste cell imaging in vivo by integrating microfluidics into an intravital imaging window on the tongue. Biochemistry Measurement of Ion Concentration in the Unstirred Boundary Layer with Open Patch-Clamp Pipette: Implications in Control of Ion Channels by Fluid Flow Jae Gon Kim*1, Sang Woong Park*2, Kyung Chul Shin1, Bokyung Kim1, Doyoung Byun3, Young Min Bae1 1Department of Physiology, KU Open Innovation Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University School of Medicine, 2Department of Emergency Medical Services, Eulji University, 3Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University Mechanosensitive ion channels are often studied in terms of fluid flow/shear force sensitivity with patch-clamp recording. However, depending on the experimental protocol, the outcome on fluid flow-regulations of ion channels can be erroneous. Here, we provide methods for preventing and correcting such errors with a theoretical basis. Neuroscience Spectral Reflectometric Microscopy on Myelinated Axons In Situ Junhwan Kwon1,2, Myunghwan Choi1,2 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Here, we present a step-by-step protocol for imaging myelinated axons in a fixed brain slice using a label-free nanoscale imaging technique based on spectral reflectometry. Engineering Simultaneous Multi-surface Anodizations and Stair-like Reverse Biases Detachment of Anodic Aluminum Oxides in Sulfuric and Oxalic Acid Electrolyte Healin Im*1, Seok Hwan Jeong*1, Dong Hyuk Park2, Sunkook Kim1, Young Ki Hong1 1School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2Department of Applied Organic Materials Engineering, Inha University A protocol for fabricating nanoporous anodic aluminum oxides via simultaneous multi-surfaces anodization followed by stair-like reverse biases detachments is presented. It can be applied repeatedly to the same aluminum substrate, exhibiting a facile, high-yield, and environmentally clean strategy. Neuroscience Assay Development for High Content Quantification of Sod1 Mutant Protein Aggregate Formation in Living Cells Honggun Lee1, Constantin Radu1, Jeung Whan Han2, Regis Grailhe3 1Automation & Logistics Management, Screening Sciences & Novel Assay Technologies, Institut Pasteur Korea, 2School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, 3Technology Development Platform, Institut Pasteur Korea We describe a method to quantify the aggregation of misfolded proteins. Our protocol details lentiviral induced stable cell line generation, automated confocal imaging, and image analysis of protein aggregates. As an illustrative application, we studied the effect of small molecules in promoting SOD1 aggregation in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Engineering Demonstration of a Hyperlens-integrated Microscope and Super-resolution Imaging Dasol Lee*1, Minkyung Kim*1, Sunae So*1, Inki Kim1, Gwanho Yoon1, Kyunghoon Kim2, Junsuk Rho1,3 1Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 2School of Mechanical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 3Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH) The use of a hyperlens has been regarded as a novel super-resolution imaging technique due to its advantages in real-time imaging and its simple implementation with conventional optics. Here, we present a protocol describing the fabrication and imaging applications of a spherical hyperlens. Engineering Preparation of ZnO Nanorod/Graphene/ZnO Nanorod Epitaxial Double Heterostructure for Piezoelectrical Nanogenerator by Using Preheating Hydrothermal Dong-Myeong Shin1, Seok Hee Kang2, Seongsu Kim3, Wanchul Seung3, Ermias Libnedengel Tsege1, Sang-Woo Kim3, Hyung Kook Kim1, Suck Won Hong2, Yoon-Hwae Hwang1 1Department of Nanoenergy Engineering, BK21 Plus Nanoconvergence Technology Division, Pusan National University (PNU), Miryang, 2Department of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering, Pusan National University (PNU), Busan, 3SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Center for Human Interface Nanotechnology (HINT), SKKU-Samsung Graphene Center, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) One-step fabrication method for obtaining freestanding epitaxial double heterostructure is presented. This approach could achieve ZnO coverage with a higher number density than that of the epitaxial single heterostructure, leading to a piezoelectric nanogenerator with an increased output electrical performance.