Bispebjerg Hospital 2 articles published in JoVE Medicine Systematic Bronchoscopy: the Four Landmarks Approach Kristoffer Mazanti Cold1, Anishan Vamadevan1, Anne Orholm Nielsen1,2, Lars Konge1, Paul Frost Clementsen1 1Copenhagen Academy for Medical Education and Simulation (CAMES), Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, University of Copenhagen and the Capital Region of Denmark, 2Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Bispebjerg Hospital Here, we present a protocol to navigate the bronchial maze in a structured manner, splitting the bronchoscopy into a stepwise approach-the four landmarks approach. Neuroscience The Optical Fractionator Technique to Estimate Cell Numbers in a Rat Model of Electroconvulsive Therapy Mikkel Vestergaard Olesen1, Esther Kjær Needham1, Bente Pakkenberg1,2 1Research Laboratory for Stereology and Neuroscience, Bispebjerg-Frederiksberg Hospital, 2Institute of Clinical Medicine, Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen Here, we present a stereological method, the optical fractionator, used to quantify the formation of new neurons, and their survival, in the rat hippocampus following electroconvulsive stimulation. When correctly implemented, the sensitivity and efficiency of stereological methods ensures accurate estimates with a fixed and predetermined precision.