BC Children's Hospital View Institution's Website 3 articles published in JoVE Medicine Screening Bioactive Nanoparticles in Phagocytic Immune Cells for Inhibitors of Toll-like Receptor Signaling Hong Yang1, Shan Yu Fung2, Aihua Bao1, Qiang Li1, Stuart E. Turvey2 1Department of Respiratory Medicine, Shanghai First People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, 2 Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling plays an important role in the pathophysiology of many human inflammatory diseases, and regulating TLR responses by bioactive nanoparticles is anticipated to be beneficial in many inflammatory conditions. THP-1 cell-based reporter cells provide a versatile and robust screening platform for identifying novel inhibitors of TLR signaling. Medicine DNBS/TNBS Colitis Models: Providing Insights Into Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Effects of Dietary Fat Vijay Morampudi*1, Ganive Bhinder*1, Xiujuan Wu1, Chuanbin Dai1, Ho Pan Sham1, Bruce A. Vallance1, Kevan Jacobson1 1 DNBS/TNBS induced colitis offers an alternative and inexpensive method to study the pathobiology of inflammatory bowel disease. The protocol discussed in this paper outlines the successful application of DNBS to induce colitis in mice and rats and allows one to thoroughly study host-mediated intestinal responses. Immunology and Infection The Citrobacter rodentium Mouse Model: Studying Pathogen and Host Contributions to Infectious Colitis Ganive Bhinder1, Ho Pan Sham1, Justin M. Chan1, Vijay Morampudi1, Kevan Jacobson1, Bruce A. Vallance1 1Division of Gastroenterology, BC Children's Hospital Citrobacter rodentium infection provides a valuable model to study enteric bacterial infections as well as host immune responses and colitis in mice. This protocol outlines the measurement of barrier integrity, pathogen load and histological damage allowing for the thorough characterization of pathogen and host contributions to murine infectious colitis.