Porter Neuroscience Research Center 1 article published in JoVE Chemistry Determining the Ice-binding Planes of Antifreeze Proteins by Fluorescence-based Ice Plane Affinity Koli Basu1, Christopher P. Garnham2, Yoshiyuki Nishimiya3, Sakae Tsuda3, Ido Braslavsky4, Peter Davies1 1 Antifreeze proteins (AFPs) bind to specific planes of ice to prevent or slow ice growth. Fluorescence-based ice plane affinity (FIPA) analysis is a modification of the original ice-etching method for determination of AFP-bound ice planes. AFPs are fluorescently labeled, incorporated into macroscopic single ice crystals, and visualized under UV light.