Zhejiang Hospital 1 article published in JoVE Medicine International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure Jing Liu1,2, Dalibor Kurepa3, Francesco Feletti4,5, Almudena Alonso-Ojembarrena6, Jovan Lovrenski7, Roberto Copetti8, Erich Sorantin9, Javier Rodriguez-Fanjul10, Karishma Katti3, Andrea Aliverti4, Huayan Zhang11,12, Misun Hwang13, Tsu F. Yeh14, Cai-Bao Hu15, Xing Feng16, Ru-Xin Qiu1,2, Jing-Han Chi17, Li-Li Shang18, Guo-Rong Lyu19, Shao-Zheng He20, Yan-Fen Chai21, Zhan-Jun Qiu22, Hai-Ying Cao2,23, Yue-Qiao Gao1,2, Xiao-Ling Ren1,2, Guo Guo1,24, Li Zhang1,2, Ying Liu1,2, Wei Fu1,2, Zu-Lin Lu1,2, Hong-Lei Li1,2 1Department of Neonatology and NICU, Beijing Chaoyang District Maternal and Child Healthcare Hospital, 2The National Neonatal Lung Ultrasound Training Base, 3 Pneumothorax is a common emergency and critical disease in newborn infants that needs rapid, clear diagnosis and timely treatment. Diagnosis and treatment based on chest X-rays are associated with delayed management and radiation damage. Lung ultrasound (US) provides useful guidance for rapid, accurate diagnosis and the precise thoracentesis of pneumothorax.