Ariel University 7 articles published in JoVE Neuroscience New Framework for Understanding Cross-Brain Coherence in Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRS) Hyperscanning Studies Hila Zahava Gvirts Provolovski1, Mini Sharma1, Itai Gutman1, Anat Dahan2, Yafeng Pan3, Jacqueline Stotler4, Teresa Wilcox4 1The Department of Behavioral Sciences and Psychology, Ariel University, 2Braude College of Engineering, 3Department of Psychology and Behavioral Sciences, Zhejiang University, 4Department of Psychology, Florida Atlantic University Wavelet transform coherence (WTC) is a common methodology for assessing the coupling between signals that is used in functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning studies. A toolbox for assessing the directionality of the signal interaction is presented in this work. Neuroscience Automatic Identification of Dendritic Branches and their Orientation Inbar Dahari1, Danny Baranes1, Refael Minnes2 1Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University, 2Department of Physics, Ariel University Presented is a computational tool that allows simple and direct automatic measurement of orientations of neuronal dendritic branches from 2D fluorescence images. Bioengineering Increasing Durability of Dissociated Neural Cell Cultures Using Biologically Active Coralline Matrix Orly Eva Weiss1, Roni Mina Hendler1, Danny Baranes1 1Department of Molecular Biology, Ariel University Dissociated hippocampal cell culture is a pivotal experimental tool in neuroscience. Neural cell survival and function in culture is enhanced when coralline skeletons are used as matrices, due to their neuroprotective and neuromodulative roles. Hence, neural cells grown on coralline matrix show higher durability, and thereby are more adequate for culturing. Chemistry A Two-Step Protocol for Umpolung Functionalization of Ketones Via Enolonium Species Shlomy Arava1, Shimon Maksymenko1, Keshaba Nanda Parida1, Gulab K. Pathe1, Atul M. More1, Yuriy B. Lipisa1, Alex M. Szpilman1 1Department of Chemical Sciences, Ariel University A two step one-pot protocol for the umpolung of ketone enolates to enolonium species and addition of a nucleophile to the α-position is described. Nucleophiles include chloride, azide, azoles, allyl-silanes, and aromatic compounds. Biology Guided Protocol for Fecal Microbial Characterization by 16S rRNA-Amplicon Sequencing Ayelet Di Segni1, Tzipi Braun1, Marina BenShoshan1, Sarit Farage Barhom1, Efrat Glick Saar1, Karen Cesarkas1, James E. Squires2, Nathan Keller1,3, Yael Haberman1,4 1Sheba Medical Center, 2 This manuscript describes a detailed standardized protocol of high-throughput 16S rRNA-amplicon sequencing. The protocol introduces an integrated, uniformed, feasible, and inexpensive protocol starting from fecal sample collection through data analyses. This protocol enables analysis of large numbers of samples with rigorous standards and several controls. Behavior The Emotional Stroop Task: Assessing Cognitive Performance under Exposure to Emotional Content Moshe Shay Ben-Haim1, Paul Williams2, Zachary Howard2, Yaniv Mama3, Ami Eidels2, Daniel Algom1 1School of Psychological Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, 2School of Psychology, University of Newcastle, 3Department of Behavioral Sciences, Ariel University The emotional Stroop effect (ESE) is the result of longer naming latencies to ink colors of emotion words than those of neutral words. This report refers to potential sources of confounding and includes a modal experiment that provides the means to control for them. Chemistry Exploring the Radical Nature of a Carbon Surface by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and a Calibrated Gas Flow Uri Green1,2, Yulia Shenberger3, Zeev Aizenshtat1, Haim Cohen2,4, Sharon Ruthstein3 1Chemistry Institute, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 2Biological Chemistry Department, Ariel University, 3Chemistry Department, Faculty of Exact Science, Bar Ilan University, 4Chemistry Department, Ben-Gurion University Stable radicals that are present in carbon substrates interact with paramagnetic oxygen through a Heisenberg spin exchange. This interaction can be significantly reduced under STP conditions by flowing a diamagnetic gas over the carbon system. This manuscript describes a simple method to characterize the nature of those radicals.