< Back to Core

Chapter 25

The Cytoskeleton I: Actin and Microfilaments

check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Overview of the Cytoskeleton The cytoskeleton is a network of protein filaments present within the cell, having three distinct filaments …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
The cytoskeleton is a complex dynamic structure performing varied functions based on cellular requirements. The adaptability of the individual filaments …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
The intrinsic polarity of cells can be primarily attributed to two factors- i) the asymmetric accumulation of mobile components such are regulatory …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Cytoskeletal filaments are polymeric forms of smaller protein subunits. However, individual cytoskeletal filaments may easily disassemble or associate …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Plakins are large proteins with binding domains for microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and membrane-associated protein complexes at …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
The cytoskeleton is an essential cell component that plays several structural and functional roles. However, the filaments that make up the cytoskeleton …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Bacterial cells were initially considered simple, randomly organized structures lacking a cytoskeleton. However, the discovery of cytoskeleton homologs in …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Intracellular bacteria and viruses often comprise a group of highly infectious pathogens that can cause several diseases. Bacterial pathogens include …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
The cytoskeletal architecture can be studied using different microscopic and biochemical techniques. Electron microscopy was instrumental in discovering …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Actin is a highly conserved cytoskeletal protein found abundantly in eukaryotic cells. It constitutes 10% weight of the total cellular protein in muscle …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Actin polymerization occurs through the head-to-tail association of binding sites on monomeric actin or G-actin to form filamentous or F-actin. The …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
The straight or branched structure formation of actin filaments is controlled by nucleating proteins such as the formins and Arp2/3 complex. …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Actin filaments (F-actin) are composed of actin subunits. The dissociation of actin monomers can occur from either end of F-actin. The rate of …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
The polymerization of G-actin monomers into filamentous F-actin is a multi-step process. Once the F-actins are formed, they can bundle together in …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Myosins are a family of molecular motor proteins, first identified in the skeletal muscles, where they are responsible for muscle contraction. Along with …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Actin and myosin are contractile proteins that form the sarcomere found in skeletal muscle tissues for regulating muscle contraction. Actin, a globular …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Actin and myosin or actomyosin filaments also play a significant role in cells other than those involved in muscle contraction (which occurs within the …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Actin filaments undergo polymerization and depolymerization from either end. The polymerization and depolymerization rates depend on the cytosolic …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
The microvascular endothelium plays an important role as a selectively permeable barrier to fluids and solutes. The adhesive junctions between endothelial …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Many early endosome functions, particularly cargo protein sorting and membrane deformation, depend on patches of short F-actin filaments nucleated onto …
check_url/it/science-education-library/2787/the-cytoskeleton-i-actin-and-microfilaments
Transgenic mouse models have been important tools for studying the relationship of genotype to phenotype for human diseases including those of skeletal …