Магнитно-резонансная томография Количественное легочной перфузии с использованием калиброванных Артериальная Маркировка спиновой
Summary
Метод МРТ для изучения распределения легочного кровотока при различных физиологических состояниях, в данном случае воздействия трех различных концентраций кислорода вдохновили: гипоксия, нормоксии и гипероксии, описывается. Эта техника использует человеческие легочной методов исследования физиологии в среду сканирования МР.
Abstract
This demonstrates a MR imaging method to measure the spatial distribution of pulmonary blood flow in healthy subjects during normoxia (inspired O2, fraction (FIO2) = 0.21) hypoxia (FIO2 = 0.125), and hyperoxia (FIO2 = 1.00). In addition, the physiological responses of the subject are monitored in the MR scan environment. MR images were obtained on a 1.5 T GE MRI scanner during a breath hold from a sagittal slice in the right lung at functional residual capacity. An arterial spin labeling sequence (ASL-FAIRER) was used to measure the spatial distribution of pulmonary blood flow 1,2 and a multi-echo fast gradient echo (mGRE) sequence 3 was used to quantify the regional proton (i.e. H2O) density, allowing the quantification of density-normalized perfusion for each voxel (milliliters blood per minute per gram lung tissue).
With a pneumatic switching valve and facemask equipped with a 2-way non-rebreathing valve, different oxygen concentrations were introduced to the subject in the MR scanner through the inspired gas tubing. A metabolic cart collected expiratory gas via expiratory tubing. Mixed expiratory O2 and CO2 concentrations, oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production, respiratory exchange ratio, respiratory frequency and tidal volume were measured. Heart rate and oxygen saturation were monitored using pulse-oximetry. Data obtained from a normal subject showed that, as expected, heart rate was higher in hypoxia (60 bpm) than during normoxia (51) or hyperoxia (50) and the arterial oxygen saturation (SpO2) was reduced during hypoxia to 86%. Mean ventilation was 8.31 L/min BTPS during hypoxia, 7.04 L/min during normoxia, and 6.64 L/min during hyperoxia. Tidal volume was 0.76 L during hypoxia, 0.69 L during normoxia, and 0.67 L during hyperoxia.
Representative quantified ASL data showed that the mean density normalized perfusion was 8.86 ml/min/g during hypoxia, 8.26 ml/min/g during normoxia and 8.46 ml/min/g during hyperoxia, respectively. In this subject, the relative dispersion4, an index of global heterogeneity, was increased in hypoxia (1.07 during hypoxia, 0.85 during normoxia, and 0.87 during hyperoxia) while the fractal dimension (Ds), another index of heterogeneity reflecting vascular branching structure, was unchanged (1.24 during hypoxia, 1.26 during normoxia, and 1.26 during hyperoxia).
Overview. This protocol will demonstrate the acquisition of data to measure the distribution of pulmonary perfusion noninvasively under conditions of normoxia, hypoxia, and hyperoxia using a magnetic resonance imaging technique known as arterial spin labeling (ASL).
Rationale: Measurement of pulmonary blood flow and lung proton density using MR technique offers high spatial resolution images which can be quantified and the ability to perform repeated measurements under several different physiological conditions. In human studies, PET, SPECT, and CT are commonly used as the alternative techniques. However, these techniques involve exposure to ionizing radiation, and thus are not suitable for repeated measurements in human subjects.
Protocol
Discussion
Этот метод позволяет измерение эффектов вдыхаемой концентрации кислорода на пространственное распределение легочного кровотока с использованием основных физиологических методов в среде MR сканирования. Использование физиологических методов в сочетании с количественными изображе?…
Divulgazioni
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
Поддержка NIH HL081171, NIH HL080203
Materials
| Equipment | Company | model |
|---|---|---|
| MRI | GE | 1.5 T GE HDx EXICITE twinspeed scanner |
| Metabolic cart | ParvoMedics | TrueOne 2400 |
| Pulse Oximeter | Nonin | 7500 FO |
| Spirometer | Medical Technologies Andover | EasyOne diagonostic Spirometer |
| Mask | Hans & Rudolph | 7400 series Oro-Nasal Mask, Small, Medium, and Large |
| Valve | Hans & Rudolph | Two-way non-rebreathing valves T-Shape™ configuration, 2600 Medium. 2700 Large |
| Head Set | Hans & Rudolph | Head cap (Adult size), strap & Locking Clips. |
| Pneumatic directional control valve and controller | Hans & Rudolph | Single Piston Sliding-Type™ valve and controller 4285A |
| Non-Diffusing gas collection bag | Hans & Rudolph | 6100 (100 liters). |
| Tube | VacuMed | Clean-Bor Tubing 108”, 1-3/8” OD fittings |
| Phantoms | Mentor | Brest Implant Round, 250cc |
| matlab | The MathWorks |
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