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Neuroscienze

使用功能磁共振成像和弥散加权成像脑结构与功能分析

Published: November 08, 2012
doi:
10.3791/4125
, , , , , ,
1Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, 2Department of Psychology,University of Pittsburgh, 3Department of Psychology,Carnegie Mellon University , 4Department of Bioengineering,University of Pittsburgh

Summary

我们描述了一种新的方法，同时利用磁共振成像（MRI）脑功能和结构的分析。我们评估的大脑结构与高解析度的扩散加权成像和白质纤维束成像。与标准结构MRI不同的是，这些技术使我们能够直接相关的解剖大脑网络连接到功能特性的。

Abstract

复杂的计算系统的研究，有利于通过网络地图，如电路图。这种映射是特别的信息，为研究大脑的功能作用的主要是通过其连接到其他脑区的大脑区域，满足。在这份报告中，我们描述了一种新的，非侵入性的方式对有关的大脑结构和功能磁共振成像（MRI）。这种方法相结合的远程光纤连接成像和功能成像数据结构，说明在两个不同的认知领域，视觉注意和面对的看法。结构进行成像，弥散加权成像（DWI）和纤维束成像，追踪水分子的扩散，沿大脑中的白质纤维束（ 图1）。这些纤维束的可视化，我们能够调查的远程连接体系结构的大脑。结果比较favora的布莱在DWI，扩散张量成像（DTI）是最广泛使用的技术之一。 DTI是无法解决的纤维束的复杂的配置，限制了它的实用程序，用于建设详细，解剖的知情模型的大脑功能。相比之下，我们的分析重现称为神经解剖学的精度和准确度。这样的好处是部分原因是由于数据采集程序，而许多DTI协议的措施扩散少量的方向（ 例如 ，6或12），我们采用的扩散频谱成像（DSI）1，2协议评估257个方向的扩散和在一个范围内的磁场梯度优势。此外，DSI数据使我们能够使用更复杂的方法重建采集的数据。在两个实验（视觉注意力和面孔识别），跟踪技术揭示了合作活跃的地区，人类的大脑解剖连接支持现存的假设，他们形成功能性的网络。 DWI使我们能够创建一个“电路二阿格拉姆“，并复制它以个人为主体的基础上，监​​测任务相关的大脑活动在网络的兴趣为目的。

Protocol

1。 MR数据采集设备 图2和图3中总结了数量的选择要在扩散MRI数据采集，数据重建，和纤维跟踪。请记住，这些选择通常涉及权衡，最好的选择可能取决于一个人的研究目标。例如，DSI和多壳HARDI（参见图2）通常使用较高的“b值”（ 即 ，强扩散加权）DTI。其结果是，这些方法有更好的角分辨率，这是必要的解决穿越或“接吻”纤维（ 即 …

Discussion

高分辨率DWI和纤维束成像提供了一种强大的方法，为研究人类大脑的连接结构。在这里，我们目前的证据表明，这种结构性的体系结构是有意义的脑功能，通过功能磁共振成像评估。通过使用跟踪技术种子基于fMRI的任务的激活，我们发现证据表明，合作活跃期间视觉注意的脑区解剖学connectedconsistent与功能性神经解剖学的先验知识（ 图7）。同样，面孔识别功能性神经解剖学是符合我?…

Divulgazioni

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

表确认和资金来源。这项工作是支持由NIH RO1-MH54246（MB），美国国家科学基金会BCS0923763（MB），美国国防高级研究计划局（DARPA）根据合同NBCHZ090439（WS），海军研究局（ONR）办公室奖N00014-11 -1-0399（WS），和美国陆军研究实验室（ARL）根据合同W911NF-10-2-0022（WS）。的看法，意见，和/或发现在此演示文稿的作者，不应该被解释为代表的官方意见和政策，任何明示或暗示的保证，上述机构或美国国防部。

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Tags

Brain StructureBrain FunctionFMRIDiffusion-weighted ImagingNetwork MapsCircuit DiagramsFunctional RoleConnectionsMagnetic Resonance ImagingStructural ImagingLong-range Fiber ConnectionsFunctional Imaging DataCognitive DomainsVisual AttentionFace PerceptionDiffusion Tensor ImagingDTI
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Phillips, J. S., Greenberg, A. S., Pyles, J. A., Pathak, S. K., Behrmann, M., Schneider, W., Tarr, M. J. Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging. J. Vis. Exp. (69), e4125, doi:10.3791/4125 (2012).
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