通过 DP780 钢上的摩擦搅拌点焊生成圈接头
Summary
在这里,我们提出了双相780钢的摩擦搅拌点焊(FSSW)协议。高速旋转的工具销产生摩擦产生热量以软化材料,然后,销柱插入 2 个片接头以创建膝关节。
Abstract
摩擦搅拌点焊(FSSW)是摩擦搅拌焊接(FSW)的衍生物,是1991年发展起来的一种固态焊接技术。2003 年,汽车行业在汽车后门使用的铝合金领域得到了应用。摩擦搅拌点焊接主要用于铝合金,以创建圈关节。摩擦搅拌点焊的好处包括接近 80% 的熔融温度,与电阻点焊相比,可降低热变形焊缝,而不会溅起。摩擦搅拌点焊接包括 3 个步骤:跌跌、搅拌和回缩。在本研究中,包括高强度钢在内的其他材料也用于摩擦搅拌焊接方法,以形成接头。DP780 的传统焊接工艺涉及电阻点焊,是汽车行业中使用的几种高强度钢材料之一。本文采用DP780进行摩擦搅拌点焊,并测量了其微观结构和微硬度。微观结构资料表明,有细粒的聚变区,有带岛马腾的热效应区。微硬度结果表明,中心区与基金属相比,具有较大的硬度。全部数据表明,两相钢780中使用的摩擦搅拌点焊可以产生良好的圈接头。将来,摩擦搅拌点焊可用于工业制造工艺中的高强度钢焊接。
Introduction
摩擦搅拌焊接(FSW)首次报告于1991年在TWI,阿宾顿,英国1。2003 年,Piccini 和 Svoboda 确定了一种增强 FSW 优势的优越方法,称为摩擦搅拌点焊 (FSSW),用于商用汽车制造工艺2。FSSW 方法涉及创建无体积区域熔化的点圈接头。FSSW 使用的最重要发展是铝合金,因为铝合金在高温条件下的焊接过程中变形。第一个成功的例子是在汽车行业,其中FSSW被用于制造整个后门的马自达的RX-81,3,4。
同时,高强度钢是车身的主要材料,特别是双相钢。文献表明,使用FSSW生产的DP600可以具有与基础金属相同的特性,所有焊接区域具有相似的微观结构和硬度5。FSSW在搅拌区(SZ)、热力学影响区(TMAZ)的微观结构上使用DP钢的方法,以及DP590和DP600钢的失效模型,已经由一些研究人员进行了研究。他们观察到DP590和DP600钢在各种旋转速度6、7、8、9、10的微观结构(铁氧体、苯铁矿和马腾酸盐)的一致性上的差异。一些研究人员对DP780钢8、9进行了FSSW和RSW的比较研究。他们报告说,更长的连接时间和更高的刀具旋转速度导致所有跳转的粘合面积增加,从而导致剪切力升高,并将模式从界面转向拉出。他们还得出结论,FSSW的强度高于RSW。FSSW 过程包括 3 个步骤:暴跌、搅拌和回缩。第一步是将旋转工具销靠近膝关节的纸张并插入纸张中。FSSW 工艺中的旋转工具肩会产生摩擦热。在第二步中,热量可以软化纸张,便于将工具销插入纸张中,并留在材料中,将两个工件搅拌在一起,并在销区域周围混合。最后,从工具肩压压在工件上的压力可以增强粘合性。焊接过程结束后,销可以从钥匙孔中缩回。与 RSW 相比,FSSW 的好处是焊接温度更低、无飞溅,并且制造过程中更加稳定。
尽管各种研究人员报告了对先进高强度钢 (AHSS) 的 FSSW 的研究,但 DP590、DP600 和 DP780 的 FSSW 研究侧重于微结构以及使用各种工艺的机械和故障模型参数。在本研究中,考虑了DP780钢的FSSW。详细报道了FSSW工艺方案,并根据测得的微硬度对搅拌区、热力学影响区、热影响区以及基金属的个别硬度进行了评估。
随着汽车和航空航天行业对重量减轻的持续增长和需求的严格要求,汽车行业对 AHSS 和膝关节的兴趣日益浓厚。例如,传统的钢制车身的汽车,平均有2000多个点焊圈接头11。行业中使用的膝关节有3种常见的焊接工艺,包括电阻点焊、激光点焊和摩擦点焊12。减轻重量的一种方法是使用先进的高强度钢 (AHSS)。最流行的材料是双相和转化诱导的可塑性(TRIP)钢,它们越来越多地用于汽车行业13,14,15,16。由于汽车重量降低,由于油耗提高和碰撞能量吸收,汽车行业提高了强度标准,因此使用不同的材料和焊接工艺正成为一个重要问题。
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
在 FSSW 过程中,暴跌阶段是最重要的。如果针脚肩部产生足够的摩擦热来软化工件,销将断裂。刀具几何形状、旋转速度、驻点时间和刀具穿透深度26个参数的 FSSW 过程在确定接头完整性方面起着至关重要的作用。报道了TPD和刀具几何27对焊接性和接头性能有重要影响。
引脚的几何形状是圆柱形,Whorl,MX三长,火焰-三叶,A-斜,和重新旋转由TWI<sup cla…
Divulgazioni
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
我们感谢中钢公司的杨博士提供的物质支持,并感谢MIRDC的王先生、王先生和洪先生为实验性FSSW提供的援助。这项研究得到了台湾高雄金属工业研究发展中心的支持。
Materials
| anvil | MIRDC | made by MIRDC | |
| DP780 | China steel Corporation | CSC DP780 | |
| stir spot welder machine | MIRDC | made by MIRDC | |
| tool pin | KINIK COMPANY | DBN2B005B |
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