生物力学分析方法,以评估职业羽毛球运动员的隆起表现
Summary
在这里,我们提出了一个方案,通过分析下肢运动学,评估专业和业余选手在进行羽毛球最大右肺运动时损伤机制的差异。
Abstract
在模拟实验室羽毛球场的条件下,利用损伤机制模型对8名职业羽毛球运动员和8名业余选手的最大右冲运动进行了分析。该协议的目的是研究运动学和右膝和脚踝关节矩的差异。运动捕获系统和力板用于捕获下肢和垂直地面反应力(vGRF)关节运动的数据。过去6个月中没有运动损伤的16名年轻人参加了这项研究。受试者用右脚从起始位置执行最大右冲,踩上并完全接触力板,用下手击球击打后场的指定位置,然后返回起点/结束位置。所有受试者都穿着相同的羽毛球鞋,以避免不同羽毛球鞋的影响。业余选手在正面平面上表现出更大的脚踝运动和反向关节矩,在水平平面上显示更大的内部关节旋转矩。职业羽毛球运动员在下垂和正面平面上表现出更大的膝盖矩。因此,在制定训练计划时应考虑这些因素,以减少膝关节和踝关节运动损伤的风险。本研究模拟了真正的羽毛球场,并校准了受试者每个动作的活动范围,使受试者以高质量的自然状态完成实验动作。这项研究的一个局限性是,它不结合关节负荷和肌肉活动。另一个限制是样本量小,应该在今后的研究中加以扩展。本研究方法可应用于羽毛球项目其他步法的下肢生物力学研究。
Introduction
羽毛球一直是世界上最受欢迎的运动之一。在游戏中,表演肺的频率是相对较高的1。掌握快速执行隆起并返回起始位置或向另一个方向移动的能力至关重要。羽毛球不仅对羽毛球至关重要,而且对网球、乒乓球和其他运动也非常重要。
前肺被作为前十字韧带(ACL)缺陷和膝关节稳定性3,4的功能评估方法。研究表明,羽毛球运动员需要高肌肉力量和专业技术。一般来说,业余选手更注重技术训练,而不是肌肉力量训练。如果一个力量不足的人接受低质量的训练,训练时间就会变长,从而导致下肢超负荷,甚至运动损伤。
高强度训练导致下肢负荷较大,这可能是运动损伤的原因。下肢损伤占受伤总数的60%。对于男、女羽毛球选手来说,膝盖和脚是最脆弱的部分6,7,8,9。动力学数据分析可用于解释不同级别球员的下肢损伤。据报道,职业羽毛球运动员在重复的负荷运动后,特别是在显性腿的跟腱上,有相当大的内部流动。
报告显示,以前对球拍运动的研究主要是评估运动参数,但较少关注动力学2,10。当一个职业球员参加比赛时,压力集中在他们的跟腱和前膝肌腱上,特别是在占优势的肺腿5。在球拍运动中,对损伤的临床分析主要集中在下肢,超过58%,特别是膝盖和脚踝5,8,10,11,12, 13.
以前的研究已经评估了羽毛球14、15、16的生理指标和身体能力17、18、19、20的特点。.由于这些基本特点,提出了提高羽毛球选手训练效果和现场表现的基本动作。以往关于羽毛球的研究侧重于不同的运动或运动方向,而没有比较专业和业余羽毛球运动员的运动特点23、24、25 ,26,27.这些动态和关节运动的差异使他们容易受到不同的运动损伤机制的影响。
本研究的目的是研究职业羽毛球运动员和业余羽毛球运动员在运动学和动力学上的差异,以及显性腿的运动范围(ROM)。据推测,职业和业余羽毛球运动员在右前卫的肺脏中表现出差异,而更大的ROM会增加运动损伤的风险。
Protocol
该实验得到了宁波大学体育科学学院伦理委员会的批准。所有参与者都签署了书面同意书,并被告知了肺实验的要求和过程。 1. 盖特实验室制备 校准、移除或覆盖体积中其他可能反射的物品时,避免阳光、光线和其他反射物的反射对识别的影响,并确保实验室内具有合理的荧光灯。 将加密狗插入 PC 并打开运动捕捉摄像机、专有跟踪软件、力平台放大器和外部模拟…
Representative Results
图 2显示了职业选手和业余选手在进行第一阶段、第二阶段、第三阶段和第四阶段(即初始冲击峰值、二次冲击峰值、体重接受和下车阶段)的平均 vGRF弓步。第一阶段、第二阶段和第三阶段没有显著差异。然而,职业球员的vGRF明显高于业余选手,显示出显著差异(图2)。 <strong class=…
Discussion
大多数研究分析羽毛球运动运动的生物力学特性的缺点是忽视了羽毛球运动员的技术水平。本研究将受试者分为职业选手和业余选手,以探索在进行右前冲时不同级别关节ROM和关节矩的差异。
至于正面平面上的脚踝关节ROM,业余选手表现出比职业球员更大的ROM,显示出显著的差异,这可能与脚踝关节28的肌肉力量有关。至于正面平面上的脚踝关节瞬间,职业选手在?…
Divulgazioni
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
这项研究由中国国家自然科学基金(81772423)、宁波大学黄麦格纳基金、中国社会科学基金会(16BTY085)发起。
Materials
| Motion Tracking Cameras | Oxford Metrics Ltd., Oxford, UK | n= 8 | |
| Valid Dongle | Oxford Metrics Ltd., Oxford, UK | Vicon Nexus 1.4.116 | |
| Force Platform Amplifier | Kistler, Switzerland | n=1 | |
| Force Platform | Kistler, Switzerland | n=1 | |
| Vicon Datastation ADC | Oxford Metrics Ltd., Oxford, UK | – | |
| T-Frame | Oxford Metrics Ltd., Oxford, UK | – | – |
| 14 mm Diameter Passive Retro-reflective Marker | Oxford Metrics Ltd., Oxford, UK | n=16 | |
| Double Adhesive Tape | Oxford Metrics Ltd., Oxford, UK | For fixing markers to skin | |
| Badmionton racket | Li-ning, China | BADMINTON RACKET CLUB PLAY BLADE 1000 [AYPL186-4] |
MATERIAL: Standard Grade Carbon Fiber WEIGHT: 81-84 grams OVERALL LENGTH: 675mm GRIP LENGTH: 200mm BALANCE POINT: 295mm TENSION: Vertical 20-24 lbs, Horizontal 22-26 lbs |
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Citazione di questo articolo
Huang, P., Fu, L., Zhang , Y., Fekete, G., Ren, F., Gu, Y. Biomechanical Analysis Methods to Assess Professional Badminton Players’ Lunge Performance. J. Vis. Exp. (148), e58842, doi:10.3791/58842 (2019).