Graz University of Technology View Institution's Website 8 articles published in JoVE Engineering Preparation of Free-Surface Hyperbolic Water Vortices Roman Klymenko1,5, Harmen Nanninga2, Esther de Kroon1, Luewton L. F. Agostinho1,2, Elmar C. Fuchs1,3, Jakob Woisetschläger4, Wilfred F. L. M. Hoeben5 1Wetsus - Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, 2Water Technology Research Group, NHL Stenden University of Applied Sciences, 3Optical Sciences Group, Faculty of Science and Technology (TNW), University of Twente, 4Institute for Thermal Turbomachinery and Machine Dynamics, Graz University of Technology, 5Department of Electrical Engineering, Electrical Energy Systems group, Eindhoven University of Technology This paper describes how three different water vortex regimes in a hyperbolic Schauberger funnel can be created, their most important characteristics, and how associated parameters such as the oxygen transfer rates can be calculated. Engineering Additive Manufacturing-Enabled Low-Cost Particle Detector Tanja Wallner1,2, Markus Bainschab1, Reinhard Klambauer2, Alexander Bergmann2 1Silicon Austria Labs, 2Graz University of Technology Here, we present a protocol on how to build and test a simple but efficient low-cost particle detector. Bioengineering Affordable Oxygen Microscopy-Assisted Biofabrication of Multicellular Spheroids Irina A. Okkelman*1, Chris Vercruysse*1, Alina V. Kondrashina2, Sergey M. Borisov3, Ruslan I. Dmitriev1 1Tissue Engineering and Biomaterials Group, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 2Health and Happiness (H&H) Group, National Food Innovation Hub, 3Institute of Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology The protocol describes high-throughput spheroid generation for bioprinting using the multi-parametric analysis of their oxygenation and cell death on a standard fluorescence microscope. This approach can be applied to control the spheroids viability and perform standardization, which is important in modeling 3D tissue, tumor microenvironment, and successful (micro)tissue biofabrication. Engineering Measuring Sub-23 Nanometer Real Driving Particle Number Emissions Using the Portable DownToTen Sampling System Markus Bainschab1, Lukas Landl2, Jon Andersson3, Athanasios Mamakos4, Stefan Hausberger2, Alexander Bergmann1 1Institute of Electrical Measurement and Sensor Systems, Graz University of Technology, 2Institute of Internal Combustion Engines and Thermodynamic, Graz University of Technology, 3Ricardo UK Ltd., 4AVL List GmbH Presented here is the DownToTen (DTT) portable emission measurement system to assess real driving automotive emissions of sub-23 nm particles. Bioengineering Methanol Independent Expression by Pichia Pastoris Employing De-repression Technologies Jasmin Elgin Fischer1, Anna-Maria Hatzl2, Astrid Weninger2, Christian Schmid2, Anton Glieder1,2 1bisy e.U., 2Institute of Molecular Biotechnology, Technical University of Graz This method for the first time describes reliable experimental procedures for efficient inducible methanol-free recombinant protein production in Pichia pastoris (Komagataella phaffii), employing the carbon source regulated promoters PDCand PDF in small scale experiments while cultivation parameters can be monitored online, and a constant glycerol feed is applied. Biochemistry In Situ Measurement and Correlation of Cell Density and Light Emission of Bioluminescent Bacteria Eveline Brodl1, Johannes Niederhauser1, Peter Macheroux1 1Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology Bioluminescent bacteria regulate light production through a variety of mechanisms, such as quorum sensing. This novel method allows the in situ investigation of bioluminescence and the correlation of light emission to cell density. An artificial bioluminescent Escherichia coli system allows the characterization of lux operons, Lux proteins, and their interplay. Engineering The Preparation of Electrohydrodynamic Bridges from Polar Dielectric Liquids Adam D. Wexler1, Mónica López Sáenz2, Oliver Schreer2, Jakob Woisetschläger3, Elmar C. Fuchs1 1Applied Water Physics, Wetsus - Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, 2IRCAM GmbH, 3Institute for Thermal Turbomachinery and Machine Dynamics, Graz University of Technology Horizontal and vertical electrohydrodynamic liquid bridges are simple and powerful tools for exploring the interaction of high intensity electric fields and polar dielectric liquids. The construction of basic apparatus and operational examples, including thermographic images, for three liquids (e.g., water, DMSO, and glycerol) is presented. Immunology and Infection Microwave Assisted Rapid Diagnosis of Plant Virus Diseases by Transmission Electron Microscopy Bernd Zechmann1,2, Gerhard Graggaber1, Günther Zellnig1 1Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Graz, 2Institute for Electron Microscopy and Fine Structure Research, Graz University of Technology This study describes a method that allows the rapid and clear diagnosis of plant virus diseases in about half a day by using a combination of microwave assisted plant sample preparation for transmission electron microscopy and negative staining methods.