Inserm U 1127 4 articles published in JoVE Immunology and Infection In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients Séverine Bézie1,2, Claire Usal1,2, Carole Guillonneau1,2 1Centre de Recherche en Transplantation et Immunologie UMR 1064, INSERM, Université de Nantes, 2Institut de Transplantation Urologie Néphrologie (ITUN), CHU Nantes Here, we present a protocol to induce tolerance in transplantation, and assess in vitro and in vivo the suppressive capacity of distinct cell subsets from the recipient and the immune status of the recipient toward donor or exogenous antigens. Immunology and Infection Analysis of Microglia and Monocyte-derived Macrophages from the Central Nervous System by Flow Cytometry Elodie Martin1,2,3, Mohamed El-Behi1,2,3, Bertrand Fontaine1,2,3,4, Cecile Delarasse1,2,3 1Inserm U 1227, CNRS UMR 7225, 2Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, University of Paris, 3Institut du Cerveau et de la Moelle épinière, ICM, 4AP-HP, Hôpital de la Pitié Salpêtrière; This protocol provides an analysis of the macrophage subpopulations in the adult mouse central nervous system by flow cytometry and is helpful for the study of multiple markers expressed by these cells. Biology Xenopus laevis as a Model to Identify Translation Impairment Amélie de Broucker1, Pierre Semaille1, Katia Cailliau2, Alain Martoriati2, Thomas Comptdaer1, Jean-François Bodart2, Alain Destée1, Marie-Christine Chartier-Harlin1 1Team "Early Stages of Parkinson's Disease" of the Jean-Pierre Aubert Research Center, INSERM UMR-S1172, CHRU Lille, University of Lille 1 and Lille 2, 2Team "Signal Division Regulation", CNRS UMR 8576, University of Lille 1 Protein synthesis control occurs mainly at the translation initiation step, deficiencies in which are linked to diverse disorders. To better understand their etiology, we described here a protocol using Xenopus laevis oocytes assessing the translation of mos transcript in the presence of a mutant of translation initiation factor eIF4G1. Neuroscience Ex Vivo Imaging of Postnatal Cerebellar Granule Cell Migration Using Confocal Macroscopy Magalie Bénard1, Alexis Lebon1, Hitoshi Komuro2, David Vaudry1, Ludovic Galas1 1PRIMACEN, Cell Imaging Platform of Normandy, Inserm, IRIB, University of Rouen, 2Department of Neurobiology, School of Medicine, Yale University During postnatal cerebellum development, immature granule cells originating from the germinal zone exhibit distinct modalities of migration to reach their final destination and to establish neuronal networks. This protocol describes the preparation of cerebellar slices and the confocal macroscopic approach used to investigate the factors that regulate neuronal migration.