Chapter 3
Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
![Structure of Alkanes](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11703.jpg)
The formation of carbon-carbon bonds leading to the creation of the carbon chain is the basis of organic chemistry. August Kekulé and Archibald…
![Constitutional Isomers of Alkanes](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11704.jpg)
Organic compounds of the same molecular formula can have different structural formulas called constitutional isomers, and the phenomenon is…
![Physical Properties of Alkanes](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11706.jpg)
Alkanes are nonpolar molecules due to the presence of only carbon and hydrogen atoms. The electronegativity difference between carbon and hydrogen is…
![Newman Projections](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11707.jpg)
Different notations are used to represent the three-dimensional structure of molecules on two-dimensional surfaces. One of the most commonly used…
![Conformations of Butane](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11709.jpg)
Unlike ethane and propane that have only two major conformations, butane has more than two conformers. The staggered form of butane in which the…
![Cycloalkanes](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11710.jpg)
Cycloalkanes are saturated cyclic hydrocarbons with carbon atoms arranged in the form of rings. They have two fewer hydrogen atoms than the…
![Conformations of Cyclohexane](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11712.jpg)
Cyclohexane does not exist in a planar form due to the high angle and torsional strain it would experience in the planar structure. Instead, it…
![Chair Conformation of Cyclohexane](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11713.jpg)
The chair conformation is the most stable form of cyclohexane due to the absence of angle and torsional strain. The absence of angle strain is a…
![Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/thumbs/54638_t.png)
Combustion based power generation has been accomplished for many years through a number of heat engine systems. Recently, a move towards small scale…
![A Toolkit to Enable Hydrocarbon Conversion in Aqueous Environments](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/thumbs/4182_t.png)
This work puts forward a toolkit that enables the conversion of alkanes by Escherichia coli and presents a proof of principle of its applicability.…