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Chapter 1

An Introduction to Psychology

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Psychology is the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Behavior includes all directly observable actions, from verbal communication to …
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In psychology, researchers use scientific methods to understand the mind and behavior, focusing on evidence-based research as the foundation of …
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Structuralism is the theoretical foundation for the scientific study of the mind. Structuralism breaks down mental processes into three basic elements …
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Sigmund Freud, an Austrian neurologist, introduced the concept of the unconscious mind in psychology. The unconscious mind is a repository for feelings, …
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Gestalt psychology is a school of thought introduced by three German psychologists — Max Wertheimer, Kurt Koffka, and Wolfgang Kohler. The term …
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Behaviorism studies observable actions, such as a boy smiling after receiving ice cream or an audience clapping at the end of a performance. Russian …
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Humanistic psychology proposes that innate kindness and a desire for growth drive people to shape their lives and seek fulfillment. The humanistic …
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Cognitive psychology studies human cognition, focusing on mental processes such as thinking, understanding, decision-making, and problem-solving. The …
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Contemporary psychology refers to the modern and recent areas of psychological research and practice, such as biopsychology, evolutionary, developmental, …