Lab Bio
JoVE 비디오를 활용하시려면 도서관을 통한 기관 구독이 필요합니다. 전체 비디오를 보시려면 로그인하거나 무료 트라이얼을 시작하세요.
JoVE 비디오를 활용하시려면 도서관을 통한 기관 구독이 필요합니다. 전체 비디오를 보시려면 로그인하거나 무료 트라이얼을 시작하세요.
At the end of this lab, students should know...
Enzymes are biological catalysts that increase the speed and efficiency of biochemical reactions. Most enzymes are proteins but certain ribonucleic acid molecules also have catalytic properties.
Enzymes catalyze reactions by lowering the activation energy of a reaction.
Most enzymatic reactions can be categorized as either catabolic or anabolic, which have opposite functions. Enzymes that mediate catabolic reactions break down larger substances into multiple products. Anabolic enzymes combine multiple substances into a single product.
Changes in conditions in an enzyme’s environment can cause the enzyme to not initially fold properly, to change shape after initial folding, or can change the chemical properties of the active site, all of which can prevent the enzyme from effectively binding with a substrate or catalyzing a reaction.
Enzymes are essential for most biochemical reactions in organisms. Understanding human enzyme functions and kinetics helps with development of therapies to modify functions of defective enzymes of some individuals. Also, enzyme inhibitors can be used as therapeutics against microorganisms or cancer. Moreover, protein engineering can develop enzymes with various functions, such as bioremediation.