大鼠急性心肌梗死
Summary
急性心肌梗死（AMI）大鼠模型是有用的研究对心脏的病理生理及生理功能的心肌梗死的后果。
Abstract
（亨特）在美国领导的死因与心脏衰竭，生物医学研究的基本推动心血管疾病的药物治疗。动物模型，模仿人类的心脏疾病，如心肌梗死（MI）和缺血再灌注（IR），导致心力衰竭以及压力超负荷（横向主动脉缩窄），引起心肌肥厚和心力衰竭（高盛和Tarnavski）是有用的模型来研究心血管疾病。特别是，心肌缺血（MI）是一个导致尽管控制一定的风险因素，如动脉硬化，并通过手术干预（Thygesen）治疗心血管疾病的发病率和死亡率。此外，心肌缺血（MI）的结果在急性心肌损失，增加负载条件下，诱导心室重塑和远程非梗死心肌梗死的边境地带。心肌细胞凋亡，坏死，并由此增加的血流动力学负载激活多种生化细胞内的信号，启动LV扩张，肥厚，心室的形状失真，和胶原瘢痕形成。这种病理重塑和未能正常化，增加墙强调，在逐步扩张，招聘的边境地区到瘢痕心肌，并最终在心肌收缩功能的恶化（即心力衰竭）的结果。维持一个大的心肌梗死，生存和随后的发展心力衰竭（高盛）的病人中观察到类似的左室功能不全和心力衰竭大鼠的进展。急性心肌梗死（AMI）大鼠模型一直被用来模仿人类的心血管疾病;专门用于研究心脏信号与心力衰竭，以及评估治疗心力衰竭的治疗策略的贡献相关的机制。在这份报告中所描述的方法是急性心肌梗死（AMI）大鼠模型。这种模式也称为其次再灌注（IR）;这是一种急性结扎左前降支（LAD）30分钟的时间内组织再灌注缺血诱导的急性缺血性心肌病或缺血释放的LAD结扎（瓦西里耶夫和McConnell）。此协议将重点和的面积，在，风险评估梗死面积（AAR）埃文的蓝色染料和三苯基四氮唑氯化四氮唑（TTC）再灌注4 -小时;走向评价心脏功能和重塑额外的意见修改再灌注期间，还赠送。总体而言，这一急性心肌梗死大鼠动物模型，研究了对心脏的病理生理和生理功能的心肌梗死的后果非常有用。
Protocol
1。经营面积的制备作业面是先准备消毒用70％乙醇面积。 所有手术器械消毒珠手术前用热灭菌器（和个人之间的大鼠手术）。这些文书包括：（2）手术剪，钳（1），弯钳（1），持针器（2），和胸部rectractor。 棉花，纱布和施药，可用以管理出血。 调整温度的一个homeothermic毯系统（电热垫），用于动物的体温保持在37 ± 1℃，以防止体温急剧下降;梗死的大小是依赖于?…
Discussion
大鼠急性心肌梗死（AMI），也称为缺血再灌注（IR），是常用来模仿人类的心室重构，导致心力衰竭。在动物模型（小鼠和大鼠）的左室功能不全和心力衰竭的进展是维持心肌梗死，生存和随后发展心力衰竭（高盛）在人类观察到的类似。此过程概述了这项技术的一个版本，还载有附加说明描述方法学的变化。急性心肌梗死（AMI）过程的更多的这种变化，包括缺血时间和再灌注的时间。另外?…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
的BKM是一个美国国立卫生研究所（NIH）/国家心肺和血液研究所（NHLBI）的补助金（R01 – HL085487）的支持。 MH是由美国心脏协会（AHA）的国家科学家开发格兰特（SDG）和老年心脏病学协会的支持。
Materials
| Material Name | Type | Company | Catalogue Number | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ventilator | Kent Scientific | TOPO | TOPO Dual Mode | |
| Thermostatic Circulator E103 | Harvard Apparatus | 732802 | ||
| Homeothermic Blanket System | Harvard Apparatus | 55-7222F | ||
| Stereo Microscope | Nikon Instruments | MMA36300 | SMZ-645 Zoom Stereo Microscope | |
| Hot Bead Sterilizer | Harvard Apparatus | 610183 | ||
| Electric Shaver | General Electric | |||
| Blades and Handles | WelchAllyn | 690047-1 | Standard (Lamp) Laryngoscope Blades | |
| Surgical Scissors | Fine Science Tools | 14014-17 | ||
| Surgical Scissors | Fine Science Tools | 14072-10 | ||
| Forceps | Fine Science Tools | 11028-15 | ||
| Curved Forceps | Fine Science Tools | 11001-12 | ||
| Needle Holder | Fine Science Tools | 12004-18 | ||
| Needle Holder | Fine Science Tools | 91201-13 | ||
| Chest Retractor | Fine Science Tools | 17008-07 | ||
| Masks | VWR | 47730-640 | ||
| Gauze Sponges | Dermacea | 441205 | ||
| Sterile Gloves | Cardinal Health | 2D7203I | ||
| PE 90 tubing | BD | 427420 | ||
| 20 ml Syringe | BD | 301625 | ||
| 6-0 Prolene Suture | ETHICON | 8706H | ||
| 2-0 Silk Suture | ETHICON | K873H | ||
| Pentobarbital Sodium Injection | OVATION | NDC 67386-501-55 | ||
| Povidone-Iodine | NOVAPLUS | V10-8204 | ||
| Buprenorphine | Pharmaceuticals Inc. | NDC 12496-0757-1 |
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Tags
Acute Myocardial InfarctionHeart FailureBiomedical ResearchCardiovascular DiseasesAnimal ModelsMyocardial IschemiaIschemia-reperfusionPressure-overloadCardiac HypertrophyTransverse Aortic ConstrictionMyocardial InfarctionCardiovascular MorbidityMortalityArteriosclerosisSurgical InterventionMyocardiumVentricular RemodelingInfarcted Border ZoneRemote Non-infarcted MyocardiumMyocyte ApoptosisNecrosisHemodynamic LoadIntracellular SignalingLV DilatationHypertrophyVentricular Shape DistortionCollagen Scar FormationPathological RemodelingWall StressesProgressive DilatationScar FormationMyocardial Contractile Function
Cite This Article
Wu, Y., Yin, X., Wijaya, C., Huang, M., McConnell, B. K. Acute Myocardial Infarction in Rats. J. Vis. Exp. (48), e2464, doi:10.3791/2464 (2011).