Острого инфаркта миокарда у крыс
Summary
Крысиной модели острого инфаркта миокарда (ОИМ) полезен для изучения последствий МИ на сердечную патофизиологические и физиологические функции.
Abstract
With heart failure leading the cause of death in the USA (Hunt), biomedical research is fundamental to advance medical treatments for cardiovascular diseases. Animal models that mimic human cardiac disease, such as myocardial infarction (MI) and ischemia-reperfusion (IR) that induces heart failure as well as pressure-overload (transverse aortic constriction) that induces cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure (Goldman and Tarnavski), are useful models to study cardiovascular disease. In particular, myocardial ischemia (MI) is a leading cause for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality despite controlling certain risk factors such as arteriosclerosis and treatments via surgical intervention (Thygesen). Furthermore, an acute loss of the myocardium following myocardial ischemia (MI) results in increased loading conditions that induces ventricular remodeling of the infarcted border zone and the remote non-infarcted myocardium. Myocyte apoptosis, necrosis and the resultant increased hemodynamic load activate multiple biochemical intracellular signaling that initiates LV dilatation, hypertrophy, ventricular shape distortion, and collagen scar formation. This pathological remodeling and failure to normalize the increased wall stresses results in progressive dilatation, recruitment of the border zone myocardium into the scar, and eventually deterioration in myocardial contractile function (i.e. heart failure). The progression of LV dysfunction and heart failure in rats is similar to that observed in patients who sustain a large myocardial infarction, survive and subsequently develops heart failure (Goldman). The acute myocardial infarction (AMI) model in rats has been used to mimic human cardiovascular disease; specifically used to study cardiac signaling mechanisms associated with heart failure as well as to assess the contribution of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of heart failure. The method described in this report is the rat model of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). This model is also referred to as an acute ischemic cardiomyopathy or ischemia followed by reperfusion (IR); which is induced by an acute 30-minute period of ischemia by ligation of the left anterior descending artery (LAD) followed by reperfusion of the tissue by releasing the LAD ligation (Vasilyev and McConnell). This protocol will focus on assessment of the infarct size and the area-at-risk (AAR) by Evan’s blue dye and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) following 4-hours of reperfusion; additional comments toward the evaluation of cardiac function and remodeling by modifying the duration of reperfusion, is also presented. Overall, this AMI rat animal model is useful for studying the consequence of a myocardial infarction on cardiac pathophysiological and physiological function.
Protocol
Discussion
Острый инфаркт миокарда (ОИМ) у крыс, также известный как ишемия-реперфузия (ИК), обычно используется для имитации человеческой ремоделирование желудочка приводит к сердечной недостаточности. Прогрессирование дисфункции ЛЖ и сердечной недостаточности на животных моделях (крысы и мыш?…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
BKM поддерживается Национальным институтом здоровья (NIH) / Национальная легкого сердца и крови институт (NHLBI) грант (R01-HL085487). MH поддерживается Американской ассоциации сердца Национальный (AHA) Ученый грантов на цели развития (ГРС) и Общества гериатрической кардиологии.
Materials
| Material Name | Type | Company | Catalogue Number | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ventilator | Kent Scientific | TOPO | TOPO Dual Mode | |
| Thermostatic Circulator E103 | Harvard Apparatus | 732802 | ||
| Homeothermic Blanket System | Harvard Apparatus | 55-7222F | ||
| Stereo Microscope | Nikon Instruments | MMA36300 | SMZ-645 Zoom Stereo Microscope | |
| Hot Bead Sterilizer | Harvard Apparatus | 610183 | ||
| Electric Shaver | General Electric | |||
| Blades and Handles | WelchAllyn | 690047-1 | Standard (Lamp) Laryngoscope Blades | |
| Surgical Scissors | Fine Science Tools | 14014-17 | ||
| Surgical Scissors | Fine Science Tools | 14072-10 | ||
| Forceps | Fine Science Tools | 11028-15 | ||
| Curved Forceps | Fine Science Tools | 11001-12 | ||
| Needle Holder | Fine Science Tools | 12004-18 | ||
| Needle Holder | Fine Science Tools | 91201-13 | ||
| Chest Retractor | Fine Science Tools | 17008-07 | ||
| Masks | VWR | 47730-640 | ||
| Gauze Sponges | Dermacea | 441205 | ||
| Sterile Gloves | Cardinal Health | 2D7203I | ||
| PE 90 tubing | BD | 427420 | ||
| 20 ml Syringe | BD | 301625 | ||
| 6-0 Prolene Suture | ETHICON | 8706H | ||
| 2-0 Silk Suture | ETHICON | K873H | ||
| Pentobarbital Sodium Injection | OVATION | NDC 67386-501-55 | ||
| Povidone-Iodine | NOVAPLUS | V10-8204 | ||
| Buprenorphine | Pharmaceuticals Inc. | NDC 12496-0757-1 |
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