基于核仁染色质组织分离鼠标窦卵母细胞与表征
Summary
在这里，我们提出了一个协议的基础上核仁组织小鼠卵母细胞胃窦表征。
Abstract
This protocol describes a simple and quick method to isolate and characterize mouse antral GV (Germinal Vesicle) oocytes as able (SN, Surrounded Nucleolus) or unable (NSN, Not Surrounded Nucleolus) to develop to the blastocyst stage after in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF). It makes use of Hoeschst33342 (or any other DNA intercalating dye) able to bind to the heterochromatin of the nucleolus showing a ring in the SN oocytes or not, like in the NSN oocytes. This represents the easiest and quickest way to sort both antral oocytes that can be eventually used for IVM or IVF procedures.
Briefly, the protocol consists of the following steps: hormone injection to stimulate follicular growth; isolation of the oocytes at the GV stage from the antral compartment by puncturing the ovary with a sterile needle; preparation of thin glass pipettes for mouth pipetting of the oocytes; sorting of the oocytes with Hoechst33342 prepared at a supravital concentration; IVM, IVF or any other molecular/cellular analysis.
Unfortunately there are still few evidences to sort SN and NSN oocytes using less invasive techniques. If and once they will be identified, they could be potentially applied to human assisted reproductive technologies, although with several aspects that should be modified. To date, this technique has potential implications to dramatically increase IVM and IVF successful procedures in both endangered and species with economic interest.
Introduction
胃窦从卵巢的窦室分离的完全的卵母细胞生长（GV，生发泡）通常用于不同的目的，诸如，例如，在体外成熟直至中期II阶段背后的分子和细胞机制的研究。
尽管他们漂亮的外观最有腔卵母细胞，但不是所有的，都能够完成减数分裂并达到囊胚阶段;事实上，在许多哺乳动物物种，包括人类1,2，其中的大约30％阻止其发展在2-细胞阶段，如果发生受精3-5。迄今为止，只有少数参数用于卵母细胞能够维持从那些无法做到的胚胎发育之间进行区分。
例如，甲酚蓝染色（BCB）是一个有效的方法，以基于葡萄糖-6-磷酸脱氢酶活性的卵母细胞进行排序尽管这种分选方法的效用与BCB +或BCB-染色仍然依赖于实验室6-8。
另一成熟方法驻留在他们的染色质组织：如果沾上任何DNA嵌入染料（如Hoechst33342染色），胃窦的卵母细胞的70％表现出围绕核仁染料正环和被称为环绕核仁（SN）而剩余的30％的显示出更多的斑点积极的信号，被称为不环绕核仁（NSN）3-5。最近我们发现，如果没有细胞质晶格9（的CPL，重要的存储位点在两个哺乳动物卵母细胞和胚胎母体衍生mRNA和核糖体）的10和下调脑膜（必不可少的CPL形成11），加上存在在其胞质9,12脂滴，可以是有关的卵母细胞诺西无法继续进行的2细胞期其他原因。
不幸的是，很少有技术可应用于排序胃窦的SN和NSN和卵母细胞，因为这个原因，较少创伤的方法的开发（没有核染色，固定程序或操纵与嘴移液器）可能成为非常重要的是增加人和动物胚胎发育的速率。
在本文中，我们详细介绍了简单快捷的协议，用于隔离的广告排序SN和雌性小鼠NSN窦卵母细胞，它是给所有有兴趣的女性配子，卵母细胞成熟和胚胎发育的研究中，科学家。
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
本协议描述用来分离和分类鼠标胃窦GV卵母细胞的方法。有强调，除少数例外，没有特别的关键步骤。第一：此过程应当尽可能快地进行，以：1）保持卵母细胞的活力和b）避免在使用的培养基的pH变化。第二：卵母细胞应该是简要地兴奋（5-10秒），以Hoechst33342染色，以避免染色质损害和卵母细胞的随后死亡，特别是如果IVM和体外受精是以下步骤。迄今为止，这是SN和NSN小鼠卵母细胞胃窦排序的最?…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
M.M. and C.A.R. acknowledge the financial support of the Ministero della Salute, Ricerca Finalizzata/giovani ricercatori anno 2009 of the Fondazione IRCCS Ospedale San Matteo, Pavia (I). M.M and C.A.R. wish to thank Marianna Longo for helping with the images preparation.
Materials
| PMSG | Sigma | G4527 | |
| EmbrioMax M2 | Millipore | MR-015-PD | |
| Hoechst33342 | Thermo Scientific | 62249 | |
| Mineral Oil | Sigma | M8410 | |
| Cell Culture Dish 35mmx10mm | Corning | 430165 | |
| µ-Dish 35mm, high glass bottom | Ibidi | 81158 | |
| Pipette Pasteur Borosilicate | Corning | 7095D-9 | |
| Aspirator tube assemblies for calibrated micropillary pipettes | Sigma | A5177 |
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