Summary

建立中风病研究小组算法并进行急诊科基于仿真的培训 - 实用指南

Published: January 15, 2017
doi:

Summary

每分钟在急性中风护理计数。本指南介绍了如何建立一个中风病研究小组算法并加强其与普通模拟训练的表现。 机组资源管理(CRM)的原则,有利于直的工作流程,减少送货针时间,提高员工的满意度。

Abstract

时间就是生命关怀急性中风病人时。最终的目标是要血流恢复到缺血性脑。这可以通过重组组织型纤溶酶原激活物(rt-PA),对当前的第一时间出现症状的无禁忌之内谁中风患者的标准治疗或者溶栓来实现,或者通过血管内的办法,如果近端脑血管阻塞检测。由于两种治疗的功效随时间下降,每分钟沿途会改善患者的结果保存。

这种严峻的形势,需要深入细致的工作,并与病人,家庭和同事们从不同的行业来获取所有相关信息,达到正确的决策,同时仔细地监控病人精确沟通。这是一个高保真的局面。在非医疗高保真环境S使得航空,机组资源管理(CRM),用于提高安全性和团队效率。

本指南说明了如何一台S troke牛逼 EAM算法,这是转移到其他医院设置,建立和如何进行常规基于仿真的培训。这需要决心和耐力,以保持超过时间的推移定期这些耗时模拟培训。然而,由此产生的团队合作精神和卓越的送货时间针改善将有利于患者,并在任何一家医院的工作环境。

谁是集体通过电话快速拨号通知24/7并运行一个具有约束力的算法,大约需要20分钟,7人的专门团队行程,正式成立。对参与这个大家算法,为所有新款S troke牛逼 EAM成员基于仿真的团队训练的设想,并每隔一个月进行。这导致了一个相关的和持续减少的平均门到针时间25分钟,特别是加强在初中的医生和护士准备中风的感觉。

Introduction

用重组组织纤溶酶原激活物(rt-PA),用于急性缺血性中风溶栓的效力是高度依赖于时间的,甚至在4.5小时1的治疗时间窗随时间减少。同样已经显示出血管内治疗中风2。溶栓后的额外的机械再通已被证明是在改善的重症患者中风的结果高效由于大血管闭塞(LVO)3。由于血管内治疗需要neurointerventionalist,一名麻醉师或neurointensivist,在许多情况下甚至急性以后病人的专门中心的转诊这种新疗法增加了复杂性和急性卒中治疗的交叉学科。

因此,需要的概念,以尽量减少治疗时间不把病人安全处于危险之中。由于急性中风护理是跨学科的团队提供,标准化ALGORithm以及技术和非技术技能的基于模拟的训练似乎是一个简单的方法。在这种情况下,不仅是“时间就是大脑”,还要“球队大脑”,因为珍贵分钟和安全相关的信息可以通过低效率的沟通团队成员会丢失。在非医疗高保真情况下,如航空,一个称为机组资源管理(CRM)的概念已被证明是4高度有效的。

有很大一部分致命错误是不是由于缺乏知识或技能,而是在沟通,交流和决策赤字。 CRM强调的“非技术技能”的重要性,并将其定义为补充的技术技能的认知,社会和个人资源。六大重点领域包括明确的沟通,团队合作,态势感知,决策,领导和应激5的管理。

这个概念有alreaDY被专业心血管生命支持6顺利实施。一个绑定的算法,在CRM基础教育为所有卒中小组成员和定期基于模拟的培训为高保真中风病研究小组提供的方法来改善急性卒中治疗的所有新成员。

成立谁是集体通过电话快速拨号通知,并有精确的任务定义行程算法于7人员专用中风病研究小组的治疗时间窗内治疗病人。这些是召集到每个笔画报警7强制性团队成员:

1居民从卒中单元神经病(SU)
1驻留在从急诊神经科(ED)
从ED 1名护士
1实验室技术员
1驻地专业神经放射学
1放射技师
1专科神经内科(卒中单元的资深神经科医师)

星期四S,一个基于仿真的行程队训练的构想,这是每隔一个月对所有新的Stroke团队成员,并作为长期工作人员复习进行。基于模拟训练传输CRM的价值,并强调了非技术技能的跨学科团队multiprofessional的重要性。监测这一由急诊室(ER)算法和定期培训,送货针次,溶栓相关的并发症,员工的满意度和安全感的中风病研究小组干预的影响连续记录。

Protocol

1. ED的预先通知急诊护士听到警报后,去电脑屏幕上立即生效。 检查通过在线平台( 如电子健康IVENA)7输入患者上述信息。发现系统宣布,一名66岁的男性患者,中风的时间窗口(中风<6小时),与预计到达的时间内初步诊断。 通过电话预先通知SU的居民。 由于SU居民听到移动电话铃声,有苏居民采取电话。有SU居民进入ED的预计到达时间。 <p c…

Representative Results

门到针次,溶栓率的影响伴随着常规的基于仿真笔划团队训练在2012年中风队算法的执行导致与门到针时间低于30分钟和60分钟,并增加了我们的溶栓速率治疗的患者相关的增加。 图1:法兰克福大学医院的中风病研究小组算法。所有的工作人员,以卒中小组结合的任命?…

Discussion

A结合卒中小组算法和基于常规模拟冲程队训练可导致的门到针时间长期减排为主要基准处理时间为急性卒中治疗。一组改善的急性中风的工作流程的措施,这也激发我们的算法的很好的例子,已经由赫尔辛基组14,15说明。另一种非常新颖的方法来缩短从症状出现到溶栓的时间间隔是移动卒中单元,如创业STEMO在德国柏林16,17或者从俄亥俄州克利夫兰美国18 PHAST项目。相比之…

Disclosures

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

The Stroke Team training was supported by a research grant of Boehringer Ingelheim to WP.

Materials

Drug
Alteplase (rtPA) Boehringer Ingelheim, Ingelheim am Rhein, Germany Licensed drug, which has proven effectiveness for acute ischemic stroke
Urapidil 50 mg/10 ml Takeda Pharma, Berlin, Germany Licensed drug, antihypertensive
Granisetron 3 mg/3 ml Hameln Pharma, Hameln, Germany Licensed drug, antiemetic
Lorazepam 2 mg/1 ml Pfizer, Berlin, Germany Licensed drug, sedative
Iopromid 300 mg/ml Bayer Vital GmbH, Leverkusen, Germany Licensed drug, non-ionic contrast agent for computed tomography
Name Company Catalog Number Comments
Device
S-Monovette citrate 3 ml Sarstedt, Nürnbrecht, Germany to collect blood for coagulation assays
S-Monovette EDTA 1.6 ml Sarstedt, Nürnbrecht, Germany to collect blood for hematology assays
S-Monovette lithium heparinate 7.5 ml Sarstedt, Nürnbrecht, Germany to collect blood for clinical chemistry assays
ACL Top 500  Instrumentation Laboratory, Kirchheim, Germany Automated hemostasis analyzer
Sysmex XE 2100 Sysmex Corporation, Norderstedt, Germany Automated hematology analyzser
Cobas 6000 Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany Automated clinical chemistry analyzser
Resusci Anne Skillreporter Laerdal, Stavanger, Norway remote-controlled manikin
Ingenuity 128 Philips, Hamburg, Germany CT-scanner
MEDRAD Stellant Bayer Radiology, Leverkusen Germany Contrast agent delivery system
Universal 320 R Hettich, Tuttlingen, Germany Centrifuge
Perfusor fm Braun, Melsungen, Germany Infusion pump
Infinity Gamma Dräger, Hamburg, Germany Monitor
Ivena ehealth mainis IT-Service GmbH, Offenbach, Germany online prenotification platform
Braun ThermoScan PRO 4000 Welch Allyn, Hechingen, Germany ear thermometer

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Cite This Article
Tahtali, D., Bohmann, F., Rostek, P., Wagner, M., Steinmetz, H., Pfeilschifter, W. Setting Up a Stroke Team Algorithm and Conducting Simulation-based Training in the Emergency Department – A Practical Guide. J. Vis. Exp. (119), e55138, doi:10.3791/55138 (2017).

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