बड़े सम्मिलित पर्यावरण जीनोमिक पुस्तकालय उत्पादन
Summary
पर्यावरण जीनोमिक डीएनए के साथ एक मौसम hypoxic fjord के ऊर्ध्वाधर गहराई सातत्य से अलग fosmid पुस्तकालय के निर्माण में वर्णित है. परिणामस्वरूप क्लोन पुस्तकालय 384 अच्छी तरह प्लेटें में उठाया है और बहाव और अनुक्रमण के लिए एक स्वचालित कॉलोनी उठा प्रणाली के आवेदन से कार्यात्मक स्क्रीनिंग संग्रहीत.
Abstract
The vast majority of microbes in nature currently remain inaccessible to traditional cultivation methods. Over the past decade, culture-independent environmental genomic (i.e. metagenomic) approaches have emerged, enabling researchers to bridge this cultivation gap by capturing the genetic content of indigenous microbial communities directly from the environment. To this end, genomic DNA libraries are constructed using standard albeit artful laboratory cloning techniques. Here we describe the construction of a large insert environmental genomic fosmid library with DNA derived from the vertical depth continuum of a seasonally hypoxic fjord. This protocol is directly linked to a series of connected protocols including coastal marine water sampling [1], large volume filtration of microbial biomass [2] and a DNA extraction and purification protocol [3]. At the outset, high quality genomic DNA is end-repaired with the creation of 5 -phosphorylated blunt ends. End-repaired DNA is subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) for size selection and gel extraction is performed to recover DNA fragments between 30 and 60 thousand base pairs (Kb) in length. Size selected DNA is purified away from the PFGE gel matrix and ligated to the phosphatase-treated blunt-end fosmid CopyControl vector pCC1 (EPICENTRE http://www.epibio.com/item.asp?ID=385). Linear concatemers of pCC1 and insert DNA are subsequently headfull packaged into phage particles by lambda terminase, with subsequent infection of phage-resistant E. coli cells. Successfully transduced clones are recovered on LB agar plates under antibiotic selection and archived in 384-well plate format using an automated colony picking robot (Qpix2, GENETIX). The current protocol draws from various sources including the CopyControl Fosmid Library Production Kit from EPICENTRE and the published works of multiple research groups [4-7]. Each step is presented with best practice in mind. Whenever possible we highlight subtleties in execution to improve overall quality and efficiency of library production. The whole process of fosmid library production and automated colony picking takes at least 7-10 days as there are many incubation steps included. However, there are several stopping points possible which are mentioned within the protocol.
Protocol
Fosmid पुस्तकालय निर्माण के चार मुख्य चरणों और कई भागों (एक सिंहावलोकन के लिए Fig.1 देख) में उप – विभाजित में बांटा गया है. मैं चरण ([3] "0.22 सुक्ष्ममापी Sterivex फिल्टर से डीएनए निष्कर्षण" देख प्रोटोक?…
Discussion
एक प्रक्रिया में वर्णित है कि कैसे सबसे अधिक कुशलता से एक बड़ी सम्मिलित करने के लिए जीनोमिक डीएनए के साथ एक तटीय पानी का नमूना से प्राप्त fosmid पुस्तकालय उत्पन्न करने के लिए. अप स्ट्रीम जीनोमिक डीएनए निष्…
Declarações
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
हम तटीय और खुले समुद्र के पानी के कम ऑक्सीजन क्षेत्रों पर चल रहे अध्ययन का समर्थन करने के लिए अभिनव, ब्रिटिश कोलंबिया नॉलेज डेवलपमेंट फंड और राष्ट्रीय विज्ञान और कनाडा के इंजीनियरिंग रिसर्च काउंसिल () NSERC के लिए कनाडा फाउंडेशन धन्यवाद देना चाहूंगा. मीट्रिक टन और SL तुला नींव वित्त पोषित माइक्रोबियल विविधता और इवोल्यूशन (कमोडोर) के लिए केंद्र से फैलोशिप द्वारा समर्थित थे. मीट्रिक टन ड्यूश Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) से भी फैलोशिप समर्थन प्राप्त है.
Materials
| Material Name | Tipo | Company | Catalogue Number | Comment |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Step II | ||||
| CopyControl™ Fosmid Library Production Kit | EPICENTRE | CCFOS110 | sufficient to generate 9-10 fosmid libraries | |
| SeaPlaque Agarose | Cambrex | 50100 | ||
| stirring hot plate | Corning | PC-420D | ||
| 1.0X TAE running buffer | ||||
| CHEF Mapper XA pulsed field electrophoresis system including cooling module and variable speed pump | Bio-Rad | |||
| λ DNA-HindIII Digest | NEB | N3012S | ||
| MidRange I PFG Marker | NEB | N3551S | ||
| 10,000X SYBR Gold | Invitrogen | S11494 | ||
| microwavable plastic wrap | Saran premium wrap | |||
| Safe Imager transilluminator | Invitrogen | S37102 | ||
| GELase Agarose Gel-Digesting Preparation | EPICENTRE | G09100 | ||
| scalpel | Fisher Scientific | 08-927-5D | ||
| Amicon Ultra-4 Centrifugal Filter Unit with Ultracel-10 membrane | Millipore | UFC801024 | ||
| Microcon YM-30 Centrifugal Filter Unit | Millipore | 42410 | ||
| nuclease free water | Ambion | AM9932 | ||
| Quant-iT PicoGreen dsDNA Assay Kit *2000 assays*# | Invitrogen | P7589 | ||
| digital dry block heater | VWR | 12621-088 | ||
| water bath | VWR | 14231-854 | ||
| centrifuge | Beckman Coulter | Avanti J-E | ||
| centrifuge rotor | Beckman Coulter | JA 5.3 | ||
| table top centrifuge | Eppendorf | 5415D | ||
| microcentrifuge tubes, 1.7 mL, clear | Axygen | MCT-175-C | ||
| 15 mL centrifuge tubes | Fisher-Corning | 430052 | ||
| Step III | ||||
| LB broth | Fisher Scientific | BP 1426-2 | ||
| MgSO4 | Sigma-Aldrich | M2643 | ||
| phage dilution buffer | 10 mM Tris-HCl [pH 8.3], 100 mM NaCl, 10 mM MgCl2 | |||
| cryogenic vials | Fisher-Corning | 430488 | ||
| Step IV | ||||
| 96 well plate with lid | Fisher-Corning | CS003370(3370) | ||
| 384 well plate with lid | Fisher-Corning | 07201157(3680) | ||
| Petri dishes 100 O.D. x 15mm H | Fisher | 08-757-12 | ||
| Petri dishes 150 Dia. x 15mmH | Fisher | 08-757-14 | ||
| BD Falcon BioDish XL 245 X 245 mm | VWR | CABD351040 | ||
| glycerol | Sigma-Aldrich | G5516 | ||
| chloramphenicol | Sigma-Aldrich | C0378 | ||
| LB broth | Fisher Scientific | BP 1426-2 | ||
| Difco Agar | BD | 214530 | ||
| glass beads | Fisher Scientific | 10-310-1 | ||
| QFill3 | Genetix | X3050 | ||
| Bleach | Javex | |||
| Ethanol | Sigma-Aldrich | E7023 | ||
| 15 mL centrifuge tubes | Fisher-Corning | 430052 | ||
| QPix colony picker | Genetix | QPix2 | ||
| picking head (E. coli) | Genetix | X4006 |
Referências
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- Wright, J. J., Lee, S., Zaikova, E., Walsh, D. A., Hallam, S. J. DNA Extraction from 0.22 μM Sterivex Filters and Cesium Chloride Density Gradient Centrifugation. J Vis Exp. 31, 10-3791 (2009).
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- DeLong, E. F., Preston, C. M., Mincer, T., Rich, V., Hallam, S. J., Frigaard, N. -. U., Martinez, A., Sullivan, M. B., Edwards, R., Brito, B. R., Chisholm, S. W., Karl, D. M. Community genomics among stratified microbial assemblages in the Ocean’s interior. Science. 311, 496-503 (2006).
- Hallam, S. J., Putnam, N., Preston, C. M., Detter, J. C., Rokhsar, D., Richardson, P. M., DeLong, E. F. Reverse methanogenesis: testing the hypothesis with environmental genomics. Science. 305, 1457-1462 (2004).
Tags
Large Insert Environmental Genomic Library ProductionMicrobesCultivation MethodsMetagenomic ApproachesGenetic ContentIndigenous Microbial CommunitiesGenomic DNA LibrariesCloning TechniquesHypoxic FjordDNA Extraction And Purification ProtocolEnd-repaired DNAPulsed-field Gel Electrophoresis (PFGE)Gel ExtractionDNA FragmentsBase Pairs (Kb)Fosmid CopyControl Vector PCC1
Citar este artigo
Taupp, M., Lee, S., Hawley, A., Yang, J., Hallam, S. J. Large Insert Environmental Genomic Library Production. J. Vis. Exp. (31), e1387, doi:10.3791/1387 (2009).