आँखों मेमोरी के आंदोलन की निगरानी

Summary

नेत्र आंदोलन की निगरानी (या आँख ट्रैकिंग) से पता चलता है जहां अंतरिक्ष में आँखें अभी भी ताजा है, कब और कितनी देर के लिए. यहाँ, हम प्रदर्शन कैसे आँख ट्रैकिंग एकाधिक भागीदार आबादी में स्मृति की अखंडता की जांच करने के लिए इस्तेमाल किया जा सकता है मौखिक या अन्यथा स्पष्ट रूप से, रिपोर्ट की आवश्यकता के बिना.

Abstract

Explicit (often verbal) reports are typically used to investigate memory (e.g. “Tell me what you remember about the person you saw at the bank yesterday.”), however such reports can often be unreliable or sensitive to response bias ¹, and may be unobtainable in some participant populations. Furthermore, explicit reports only reveal when information has reached consciousness and cannot comment on when memories were accessed during processing, regardless of whether the information is subsequently accessed in a conscious manner. Eye movement monitoring (eye tracking) provides a tool by which memory can be probed without asking participants to comment on the contents of their memories, and access of such memories can be revealed on-line ^2,3. Video-based eye trackers (either head-mounted or remote) use a system of cameras and infrared markers to examine the pupil and corneal reflection in each eye as the participant views a display monitor. For head-mounted eye trackers, infrared markers are also used to determine head position to allow for head movement and more precise localization of eye position. Here, we demonstrate the use of a head-mounted eye tracking system to investigate memory performance in neurologically-intact and neurologically-impaired adults. Eye movement monitoring procedures begin with the placement of the eye tracker on the participant, and setup of the head and eye cameras. Calibration and validation procedures are conducted to ensure accuracy of eye position recording. Real-time recordings of X,Y-coordinate positions on the display monitor are then converted and used to describe periods of time in which the eye is static (i.e. fixations) versus in motion (i.e., saccades). Fixations and saccades are time-locked with respect to the onset/offset of a visual display or another external event (e.g. button press). Experimental manipulations are constructed to examine how and when patterns of fixations and saccades are altered through different types of prior experience. The influence of memory is revealed in the extent to which scanning patterns to new images differ from scanning patterns to images that have been previously studied ^{2, 4-5}. Memory can also be interrogated for its specificity; for instance, eye movement patterns that differ between an identical and an altered version of a previously studied image reveal the storage of the altered detail in memory ^{2-3, 6-8}. These indices of memory can be compared across participant populations, thereby providing a powerful tool by which to examine the organization of memory in healthy individuals, and the specific changes that occur to memory with neurological insult or decline ^{2-3, 8-10}.

Protocol

डाटा अधिग्रहण के दौरान इस्तेमाल किया उपकरण नेत्र ट्रैकर आँख वर्तमान प्रोटोकॉल में इस्तेमाल किया पर नजर रखने के लिए एक EyeLink द्वितीय प्रणाली (, मिसिसॉगा, ओंटारियो, कनाडा SR रिसर्च लिमिट…

Discussion

नेत्र आंदोलन निगरानी जिसके साथ आबादी की एक किस्म में स्मृति समारोह का आकलन करने के लिए एक कुशल, उपयोगी उपकरण है. इस प्रोटोकॉल एक सिर घुड़सवार वीडियो आधारित आँख tracker का उपयोग का वर्णन है, लेकिन प्रोटोकॉल द…

Materials

Material Name	Tipo	Company	Catalogue Number	Comment
Eye Tracker		SR Research Ltd.	Eyelink II
Experimental Control Software		SR Research Ltd.	Experiment Builder
Eye Movement Analysis Program		SR Research Ltd.	Data Viewer