हम neuronal आकारिकी का विश्लेषण करने के लिए एक कंप्यूटर प्रोग्राम विकसित किया है. दो मौजूदा खुला स्रोत विश्लेषण उपकरणों के साथ संयोजन में, हमारे कार्यक्रम Sholl विश्लेषण करता है और neurites, शाखा अंक, और neurite सुझावों की संख्या निर्धारित करता है. विश्लेषण इतना प्रदर्शन कर रहे हैं कि neurite आकारिकी में स्थानीय परिवर्तन देखा जा सकता है है.
Neuronal morphology plays a significant role in determining how neurons function and communicate1-3. Specifically, it affects the ability of neurons to receive inputs from other cells2 and contributes to the propagation of action potentials4,5. The morphology of the neurites also affects how information is processed. The diversity of dendrite morphologies facilitate local and long range signaling and allow individual neurons or groups of neurons to carry out specialized functions within the neuronal network6,7. Alterations in dendrite morphology, including fragmentation of dendrites and changes in branching patterns, have been observed in a number of disease states, including Alzheimer’s disease8, schizophrenia9,10, and mental retardation11. The ability to both understand the factors that shape dendrite morphologies and to identify changes in dendrite morphologies is essential in the understanding of nervous system function and dysfunction.
Neurite morphology is often analyzed by Sholl analysis and by counting the number of neurites and the number of branch tips. This analysis is generally applied to dendrites, but it can also be applied to axons. Performing this analysis by hand is both time consuming and inevitably introduces variability due to experimenter bias and inconsistency. The Bonfire program is a semi-automated approach to the analysis of dendrite and axon morphology that builds upon available open-source morphological analysis tools. Our program enables the detection of local changes in dendrite and axon branching behaviors by performing Sholl analysis on subregions of the neuritic arbor. For example, Sholl analysis is performed on both the neuron as a whole as well as on each subset of processes (primary, secondary, terminal, root, etc.) Dendrite and axon patterning is influenced by a number of intracellular and extracellular factors, many acting locally. Thus, the resulting arbor morphology is a result of specific processes acting on specific neurites, making it necessary to perform morphological analysis on a smaller scale in order to observe these local variations12.
The Bonfire program requires the use of two open-source analysis tools, the NeuronJ plugin to ImageJ and NeuronStudio. Neurons are traced in ImageJ, and NeuronStudio is used to define the connectivity between neurites. Bonfire contains a number of custom scripts written in MATLAB (MathWorks) that are used to convert the data into the appropriate format for further analysis, check for user errors, and ultimately perform Sholl analysis. Finally, data are exported into Excel for statistical analysis. A flow chart of the Bonfire program is shown in Figure 1.
होलिका कार्यक्रम dendrite और अक्षतंतु आकारिकी के विश्लेषण के लिए एक अर्द्ध स्वचालित प्रोग्राम है. यह बहुत दक्षता और विश्लेषण मैन्युअल प्रदर्शन अधिक Sholl विश्लेषण की सटीकता बढ़ जाती है. इसके अलावा, होलिका का?…
The authors have nothing to disclose.
इस काम के हिस्से में Busch बायोमेडिकल अनुदान, NSF अनुदान आईबीएन 0548543, NSF अनुदान आईबीएन 0919747, मार्च ऑफ डाइम्स फाउंडेशन अनुदान की 1 – FY04-107, मार्च ऑफ डाइम्स फाउंडेशन अनुदान के एक – FY08 464 (BLF के लिए) द्वारा समर्थित किया गया था. MKK और CGL NIH जैव प्रौद्योगिकी प्रशिक्षण अनुदान GM008339 20-T32 द्वारा समर्थित थे, और CGL भी स्पाइनल कॉर्ड अनुसंधान predoctoral फैलोशिप 08-२,९४१ – SCR-E-0 पर एक न्यू जर्सी आयोग द्वारा समर्थित किया गया था.
Material Name | Tipo | Company | Catalogue Number | Comment |
---|---|---|---|---|
NeuronJ plugin | http://www.imagescience.org/meijering/software/neuronj/ | |||
ImageJ software | http://rsbweb.nih.gov/ij/ | |||
Bonfire program | http://lifesci.rutgers.edu/~firestein | |||
NeuronStudio | http://research.mssm.edu/cnic/tools-ns.html | |||
MatLab Program | MathWorks |