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Neurociência

मस्तिष्क संरचना और समारोह के सह - विश्लेषण fMRI और प्रसार भारित इमेजिंग का उपयोग

Published: November 08, 2012
doi:
10.3791/4125
, , , , , ,
1Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, 2Department of Psychology,University of Pittsburgh, 3Department of Psychology,Carnegie Mellon University , 4Department of Bioengineering,University of Pittsburgh

Summary

हम मस्तिष्क समारोह और संरचना चुंबकीय अनुनाद इमेजिंग (एमआरआई) का उपयोग करने के साथ – साथ विश्लेषण के लिए एक उपन्यास दृष्टिकोण का वर्णन. हम उच्च संकल्प प्रसार भारित इमेजिंग और सफेद बात फाइबर tractography के साथ मस्तिष्क संरचना का आकलन करें. मानक संरचनात्मक एमआरआई के विपरीत, इन तकनीकों हमें सीधे मस्तिष्क नेटवर्क के कार्यात्मक संपत्तियों के लिए संरचनात्मक कनेक्टिविटी से संबंधित अनुमति देते हैं.

Abstract

The study of complex computational systems is facilitated by network maps, such as circuit diagrams. Such mapping is particularly informative when studying the brain, as the functional role that a brain area fulfills may be largely defined by its connections to other brain areas. In this report, we describe a novel, non-invasive approach for relating brain structure and function using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This approach, a combination of structural imaging of long-range fiber connections and functional imaging data, is illustrated in two distinct cognitive domains, visual attention and face perception. Structural imaging is performed with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and fiber tractography, which track the diffusion of water molecules along white-matter fiber tracts in the brain (Figure 1). By visualizing these fiber tracts, we are able to investigate the long-range connective architecture of the brain. The results compare favorably with one of the most widely-used techniques in DWI, diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). DTI is unable to resolve complex configurations of fiber tracts, limiting its utility for constructing detailed, anatomically-informed models of brain function. In contrast, our analyses reproduce known neuroanatomy with precision and accuracy. This advantage is partly due to data acquisition procedures: while many DTI protocols measure diffusion in a small number of directions (e.g., 6 or 12), we employ a diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI)1, 2 protocol which assesses diffusion in 257 directions and at a range of magnetic gradient strengths. Moreover, DSI data allow us to use more sophisticated methods for reconstructing acquired data. In two experiments (visual attention and face perception), tractography reveals that co-active areas of the human brain are anatomically connected, supporting extant hypotheses that they form functional networks. DWI allows us to create a “circuit diagram” and reproduce it on an individual-subject basis, for the purpose of monitoring task-relevant brain activity in networks of interest.

Protocol

1. एमआर डाटा अधिग्रहण के लिए उपकरण 2 और 3 आंकड़े प्रसार एमआरआई अधिग्रहण, डाटा पुनर्निर्माण, और फाइबर पर नज़र रखने में किया जा विकल्पों में से एक नंबर संक्षेप. यह ध्यान में रखें कि इन विकल्प…

Discussion

उच्च संकल्प DWI और फाइबर tractography मानव मस्तिष्क की संयोजी संरचना की जांच के लिए एक शक्तिशाली दृष्टिकोण प्रदान करते हैं. यहाँ, हम सबूत है कि इस संरचनात्मक वास्तुकला सार्थक मस्तिष्क समारोह, fMRI द्वारा मूल्यांक?…

Declarações

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

सूची acknowledgments और धन स्रोतों. काम NIH RO1 – MH54246 (MB), राष्ट्रीय विज्ञान फाउंडेशन BCS0923763 (MB), रक्षा एडवांस्ड NBCHZ090439 अनुबंध के तहत रिसर्च प्रोजेक्ट्स एजेंसी (DARPA) (WS), N00014-11 पुरस्कार के तहत नौसेना अनुसंधान (ONR) के कार्यालय द्वारा समर्थित है -1-0399 (था), और W911NF-10 2 – 0,022 (था) अनुबंध के तहत आर्मी रिसर्च लैब (ARL). विचार, विचारों, और / या इस प्रस्तुति में निहित निष्कर्ष उन लेखकों की हैं और आधिकारिक विचार या नीतियों, ऊपर एजेंसियों या संयुक्त राज्य अमेरिका के रक्षा विभाग के या तो व्यक्त या निहित, का प्रतिनिधित्व के रूप में व्याख्या नहीं की जानी चाहिए.

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Tags

Brain StructureBrain FunctionFMRIDiffusion-weighted ImagingNetwork MapsCircuit DiagramsFunctional RoleConnectionsMagnetic Resonance ImagingStructural ImagingLong-range Fiber ConnectionsFunctional Imaging DataCognitive DomainsVisual AttentionFace PerceptionDiffusion Tensor ImagingDTI
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Phillips, J. S., Greenberg, A. S., Pyles, J. A., Pathak, S. K., Behrmann, M., Schneider, W., Tarr, M. J. Co-analysis of Brain Structure and Function using fMRI and Diffusion-weighted Imaging. J. Vis. Exp. (69), e4125, doi:10.3791/4125 (2012).
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