Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation Ou Tan1, Yimin Wang1, Ranjith K. Konduru2, Xinbo Zhang1, SriniVas R. Sadda2, David Huang11Department of Ophthalmology, Oregon Health and Science University , 2Department of Ophthalmology, University of Southern California Total retinal blood flow is measured by Doppler optical coherence tomography and semi-automated grading software. Micropipette Aspiration of substrate-attached cells to estimate cell stiffness Myung-Jin Oh1, Frank Kuhr1, Fitzroy Byfield2, Irena Levitan11Section of Respiratory, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Illinois, 2Institute for Medicine and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania Here we describe a quick and simple method to measure cell stiffness. The general principle of this approach is to measure membrane deformation in response to well-defined negative pressure applied through a micropipette to the cell surface. This method provides a powerful tool to study biomechanical properties of substrate-attached cells. Time-lapse imaging of neuroblast migration in the mouse forebrain Jivan Khlghatyan, Armen SaghatelyanThe Cellular Neurobiology Unit, Centre de Recherche Université Laval Robert-Giffard We describe a protocol for real-time videoimaging of neuronal migration in the mouse forebrain. The migration of virally-labeled or grafted neuronal precursors was recorded in acute live slices using wide-field fluorescent imaging with a relatively rapid acquisition interval to study the different phases of cell migration, including the durations of the stationary and migration phases and the speed of migration. Fluorescent in situ Hybridization on Mitotic Chromosomes of Mosquitoes Vladimir A. Timoshevskiy, Atashi Sharma, Igor V. Sharakhov, Maria V. SharakhovaDepartment of Entomology, Virginia Tech Among the three mosquito genera, namely Anopheles, Aedes, and Culex, physical genome mapping techniques were established only for Anopheles, whose members possess readable polytene chromosomes. For the genera of Aedes and Culex, however, cytogenetic mapping remains challenging because of the poor quality of polytene chromosomes. Here we present a universal protocol for obtaining high-quality preparations of mitotic chromosomes and an optimized FISH protocol for all three genera of mosquitoes. Two- and Three-Dimensional Live Cell Imaging of DNA Damage Response Proteins Jason M. Beckta1, 2, Scott C. Henderson3, Kristoffer Valerie1, 2, 41Department of Radiation Oncology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 2Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 3Department of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Virginia Commonwealth University, 4Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University This protocol describes a method for visualizing a DNA double-strand break signaling protein activated in response to DNA damage as well as its localization during mitosis. Cell tracking using photoconvertible proteins during zebrafish development Verónica A. Lombardo, Anje Sporbert, Salim Abdelilah-SeyfriedMax Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine Here, we present a method for the photoactivated switch of photoconvertible fluorescent proteins (PCFPs) in the living zebrafish embryo and further tracking of photoconverted protein at specific time points during development. This methodology allows monitoring of cell biological events underlying different developmental processes in a live vertebrate organism. Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing visual exploratory behavior in daily life activities in patients with visual field defects Johanna Hamel1, 2, Antje Kraft1, Sven Ohl3, Sophie De Beukelaer1, Heinrich J. Audebert1, 2, Stephan A. Brandt11Department of Neurology, Universitätsmedizin Charité, 2Center for Stroke Research Berlin (CSB), Universitätsmedizin Charité, 3Berlin School of Mind and Brain, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin Patients with visual deficits after stroke report about different constraints in daily life most likely due to variable compensatory strategies, which are difficult to differentiate in clinical routine. We present a clinical set-up which allows measurement of different compensatory head- and eye-movement-strategies and evaluating their effects on driving performance.