휴대 통신 분석을위한 단일 세포 미세 주입
Summary
우리는 살아있는 세포에서 갭 접합을 통해 셀룰러 통신을 시각화 루시퍼 노란색의 단일 세포 미세 주입을 수행하고 몇 가지 유용한 팁을 제공하는 방법을 여기에 대해 설명합니다. 우리는이 논문으로 인해 기능 갭 접합에 세포 결합의 정도를 평가하기 위해 모두 도움이 될 것으로 기대하고있다. 여기에 설명 된 모든 1,000 달톤 이하의 분자량을 가진 다른 형광 염료에 적응 원칙적으로 될 수있다.
Abstract
Gap junctions are intercellular channels that allow the communication of neighboring cells. This communication depends on the contribution of a hemichannel by each neighboring cell to form the gap junction. In mammalian cells, the hemichannel is formed by six connexins, monomers with four transmembrane domains and a C and N terminal within the cytoplasm. Gap junctions permit the exchange of ions, second messengers, and small metabolites. In addition, they have important roles in many forms of cellular communication within physiological processes such as synaptic transmission, heart contraction, cell growth and differentiation. We detail how to perform a single-cell microinjection of Lucifer Yellow to visualize cellular communication via gap-junctions in living cells. It is expected that in functional gap junctions, the dye will diffuse from the loaded cell to the connected cells. It is a very useful technique to study gap junctions since you can evaluate the diffusion of the fluorescence in real time. We discuss how to prepare the cells and the micropipette, how to use a micromanipulator and inject a low molecular weight fluorescent dye in an epithelial cell line.
Introduction
갭 접합은 인접 셀 1 사이에서 상호 통신을 허용 간 채널입니다. 이 통신은 각각의 채널 간을 형성 connexon 또는 hemichannel에 기여 둘 이상의 이웃 셀을 연결한다. 포유 동물 세포에서, connexon는 세포질 내에서이 네 개의 경막 도메인 및 C 및 N 단자 여섯 코넥 단량체에 의해 형성된다. 간극 연접 만 이온 초 메신저 작은 대사의 흐름을 허용하지만, 또한 시냅스 전달, 심장 수축, 세포 성장과 분화 3, 4, 5, 6 등의 많은 생리적 과정에 셀룰러 통신의 여러 형태에 기여하지 7,8. 또한 갭 접합이와 관련이있다암 9, 10, 11 근위축증 일부 유전 질환 및 질병 12 탈수 초성 질환을 포함하는 많은.
간 크로스 토크의이 유형은 여러 가지 방법으로 13, 14, 15, 16에 의해 평가 될 수있다. 본 논문에서는, 우리는 살아있는 세포에서 갭 접합을 통해 셀룰러 통신을 시각화 루시퍼 노란색의 단일 세포 미세 주입을 수행하는 방법을 보여줍니다. 우리는 셀과 마이크로 피펫의 미세 조작기의 사용과 흉선 상피 세포 라인에 루시퍼 노란색 염료의 주입을 준비하는 방법에 대해 설명합니다. 일반적으로이 실험 절차는 염료와 함께로드 셀에 연결 셀의 평균에 의해 분석 될 수있다. 또한,이 방법은 갭 아래 분자량을 갖는 다른 형광 염료로 사용될 수있다약 1,000 달톤 인 접합 차단.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
간 채널에 의해 투과성 16 요구되지만, 기능적 간 간극 결합의 존재, 불 투과성 멤브레인 추적자의 사용을 확인하기 위해. 형광, 제 형광 염료는 세포 간 결합 (22), 비 접합부 (3) 사이의 막 투과성이므로 루시퍼 옐로우 염료 (15)에 의해 치환 된 관찰. 현재, 형광 추적자의 많은 다른 유형 중에서 최선의 선택 범위와 실험의 조건?…
Declarações
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
The authors dedicate this paper in honor of Prof. Gilberto Oliveira-Castro who introduced research in intercellular communication by gap junctions in Brazil. This work was funded by Capes, CNPQ and Faperj.
Materials
| Lucifer yellow | Sigma | L0259 | |
| Lithium Chloride | Sigma | L4408 | |
| PBS tablets | Sigma | P4417 | |
| RPMI | Sigma | R4130 | |
| Bovine fetal serum | Cultilab | ||
| Trypsin | Sigma | T4799 | |
| Microscope | Nikon | TE-2000 | For microinjection experiments, one needs an inverted fluorescence microscope and filters for fluorescent microscopy |
| vibration-insulated table | Newport | VH3036W-OPT | A vibration-insulated table is needed to protect the experiments from vibration and avoid cell damage |
| Micromanipulator | Narishige | MMO-203 | This equipment allows precision adjustments of the micropipette, which is needed for cell micro injection. |
| Current Generator | Digitimer | DS2 | To produce the dye flow through the micropipette, a current below one nano ampere was given using a current generator with an electrode inside the micropipette or an amplifier which has a capacitance compensation circuit (old electrometer) or current injection functions of new patch clamp amplifiers, and the ground wire submersed in the plate dish. Alternatively, the dye can be injected by a pneumatic microinjector, following the factory recommendations. |
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