보통 태아 알코올 노출과 성인 쥐의 사회적 행동의 정량화
Summary
The goal of the protocol presented here is to describe procedures to expose rats to moderate levels of alcohol during prenatal brain development and to quantify resulting alterations in social behavior during adulthood.
Abstract
Alterations in social behavior are among the major negative consequences observed in children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASDs). Several independent laboratories have demonstrated robust alterations in the social behavior of rodents exposed to alcohol during brain development across a wide range of exposure durations, timing, doses, and ages at the time of behavioral quantification. Prior work from this laboratory has identified reliable alterations in specific forms of social interaction following moderate prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE) in the rat that persist well into adulthood, including increased wrestling and decreased investigation. These behavioral alterations have been useful in identifying neural circuits altered by moderate PAE1, and may hold importance for progressing toward a more complete understanding of the neural bases of PAE-related alterations in social behavior. This paper describes procedures for performing moderate PAE in which rat dams voluntarily consume ethanol or saccharin (control) throughout gestation, and measurement of social behaviors in adult offspring.
Introduction
어린이의 추정 1~5%는 태아 알코올 증후군 (FAS), 부분 FAS (PFAS), 및 알코올 관련 신경 발달 장애 (ARNDs)를 3 등 태아 알코올 스펙트럼 장애 (FASDs) 2, 진단된다. 사회적 행동과인지의 적자는 FASDs 4-7 소아에서 관찰 된 가장 흔한 부작용 중입니다. 부정적인 결과가 FASDs 8-10과 인간, 비교적 미묘한하지만, 그럼에도 불구하고 지속적으로 발생할 수 FAS의 눈에 띄는, 형태 학적 행동 및인지 적자 특성으로 이어질하지 않는 적당한 PAE 무거운 태아 알코올 노출 (PAE)에 적자를 국한되지 않습니다 및 비 – 인간 동물 뇌 발달 11시 에탄올에 노출. 적당한 PAE의 행동 및 해당 신경 생물학적 결과를 이해의 중요성은 FASD 케이스의 대다수가 덜들 내에 있음을 나타내는 현재의 추정에 의해 강조된다스펙트럼 (12)의 evere 범위.
여러 독립적 인 실험실을 포함, 두뇌 발달하는 동안 노출을 에탄올 관련 설치류 사회적 행동의 변화를보고 플레이 14,16,17를 변경 조사와 상호 작용 1,13-15을, 감소, 사회적 자극에 응답에 적극적인 상호 작용 17, 18, 변경을 증가 사회적으로 획득 한 식품 환경 및 사회적 인식 메모리 (22)에 19 ~ 21, 및 적자. 사회 행동 적자는 무거운 (혈중 에탄올 농도 (BECS) ~ 300mg의 / DL) 22, 23 또는 에탄올의 더 온건 한 수준 (BECS ~ 80 ㎎ / DL) 1, 및 기타 중요한 매개 변수의 넓은 범위에 걸쳐 노출 이후에 관찰되었다 행동 측정시 노광 타이밍, 노출 기간, 연령 등 다양한 요인.
이전 연구는 사회 INT의 특정 측면에 그 변경을 증명했다성인이 eraction는 1,18 사카린에 노출 제어 동물에서 적당한 알코올에 노출 쥐를 구별. 특히, 중간 PAE는 지속적으로 공격적인 행동의 증가, 그리고 성인이 (파트너의 스니핑 예) 사회 조사의 낮은 수준을 제시 레슬링의 강력한 증가와 관련이있다. 사회적 행동의 변화가 PAE의 신뢰할 수있는 결과이기 때문에, PAE 다음과 같은 사회적 행동의 정량은 사회적 행동에 PAE 관련 변경의 신경 기지의보다 완전한 이해와 중재 방법의 개발을 향해 진행에 대한 중요성을 보유 할 수있다. 이 논문과 관련 비디오의 목표는이 성인 자손의 사회적 행동의 정량 중간 PAE 프로토콜 및 방법에 대한 교육을 제공하는 것입니다 확실하게 구별 태아 알코올에 노출 된 비에 노출 된 쥐의 자손에서.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
여기에 설명 된 태아 알코올 노출 패러다임은 임신 중 쥐 댐에 의한 에탄올의 자발적인 소비 (5 % v / v)로 포함한다. 타이밍, 도즈, 기간 및 노선 에탄올 투여뿐만 아니라, 조사중인 종에 대하여 다를 문헌에서 표현 뇌 발달 동안 에탄올 비인간 동물을 노출시키기위한 수많은 프로토콜들이있다. 노광 다양한 프로토콜의 장점의 완전한 치료가 여기에 제공되지 않지만, PAE에 대한 자발적인 마시는 방?…
Declarações
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
Support provided by grant AA019462 to DAH and AA019884 to DDS.
Materials
| Saccharin sodium salt hydrate | Sigma | S1002 | |
| 190 proof ethanol | Sigma | 493538 | |
| Beaded glass drinking tubes | Fisher | 14-955K | |
| Natural rubber white #4 stopper one hole | Plasticoid | LSG4M181 | |
| 1" bend tubes-ball point | Ancare | TD-199-3" | |
| Paper rulers | N/A | N/A | www.vendian.org/mncharity/dir3/paper_rulers |
| Apparatus for social interaction | Custom built | N/A | 95 cm X 47 cm X 43 cm |
| Video cameras | N/A | N/A | Capable of recording low/no light conditions |
| Infrared illuminators | Vitek | VT-IR1-12 | |
| Teklad laboratory grade sani-chips | Harlan | 7090A | |
| Brush and dustpan | N/A | N/A | |
| Isopropyl alcohol | Sigma | W292907 | |
| Chlorine Dioxide (1.5 mg Tablets) | Quiplabs | N/A | Prepare per manufacturer's recommendation |
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