JoVE Journal > Bioengineering
Summary
Abstract
Introduction
Protocol
Resultados
Discussion
Declarações
Acknowledgements
Materials
Referências
Tadução automática
Please note that all translations are automatically generated. Click here for the English version.
Bioengenharia

Realizzazione superidrofobiche Materiali Polimerici per applicazioni biomediche

Published: August 28, 2015
doi:
10.3791/53117
,
1Department of Biomedical Engineering,Boston University, 2Departments of Biomedical Engineering, Chemistry, and Medicine,Boston University

Summary

Two- and three-dimensional superhydrophobic polymeric materials are prepared by electrospinning or electrospraying biodegradable polymers blended with a lower surface energy polymer of similar composition.

Abstract

Materiali superhydrophobic, con superfici possiedono stati non a contatto col permanenti o metastabili, sono di interesse per un numero di applicazioni biomediche e industriali. Qui si descrive come electrospinning o electrospraying una miscela polimerica contenente un biodegradabile, biocompatibile poliestere alifatico (ad esempio, policaprolattone e poli (-glycolide co lactide-)), come componente principale, drogato con un copolimero composto idrofobico del poliestere e un stearate- poli modificato (carbonato di glicerolo) offre un biomateriale superhydrophobic. Le tecniche di fabbricazione di electrospinning o electrospraying forniscono la rugosità superficiale e porosità maggiore su e all'interno delle fibre o particelle, rispettivamente. L'uso di un copolimero a bassa energia superficiale drogante che si fonde con il poliestere e può essere stabilmente elettrofilate o electrosprayed offre questi materiali superhydrophobic. Parametri importanti quali la dimensione delle fibre, composizione del copolimero drogante e / o concentration, ei loro effetti sulla bagnabilità sono discussi. Questa combinazione di chimica dei polimeri e di processo offre un approccio versatile per sviluppare materiali specifici dell'applicazione utilizzando tecniche scalabili, che possono generalizzabile ad una classe più ampia di polimeri per una varietà di applicazioni.

Introduction

Superfici superidrofobiche sono generalmente classificati come espositrici contatto con l'acqua apparente angoli superiori a 150 ° con un basso angolo di contatto isteresi. Queste superfici sono fabbricati introducendo elevata rugosità superficiale su materiali a bassa energia superficiale di stabilire un conseguente interfaccia aria-liquido-solido che resiste bagnare 1-6. A seconda del metodo di fabbricazione, superfici sottili o multistrato superhydrophobic, multistrato rivestimenti substrato superhydrophobic, o strutture superhydrophobic anche sfusi può essere preparato. Questo idrorepellenza permanente o semi-permanente è una proprietà utile che viene impiegato per la preparazione delle superfici autopulenti 7, dispositivi microfluidici 8, antivegetativa superfici cellule / proteine ​​9,10, superfici-trascinare la riduzione di 11, e dispositivi di somministrazione dei farmaci 12- 15. Recentemente, stimoli-responsive materiali superhydrophobic sono descritti in cui la non bagnato allo stato bagnato è attivata da chimici, fisici, O stimoli ambientali (ad esempio, la luce, pH, temperatura, ultrasuoni, e applicato il potenziale elettrico / corrente) 14,16-20, e questi materiali trovano impiego per applicazioni aggiuntive 21-25.

Le prime superfici superhydrophobic sintetici sono stati preparati trattando le superfici di materiali con methyldihalogenosilanes 26, ed erano di valore limitato per applicazioni biomediche, come i materiali utilizzati non erano adatti per l'uso in vivo. Qui si descrive la preparazione di superfici e materiali superhydrophobic rinfusa da polimeri biocompatibili. Il nostro approccio comporta electrospinning o electrospraying una miscela polimerica contenente un biodegradabile, biocompatibile poliestere alifatico come componente principale, drogato con un copolimero composto idrofobico del poliestere e un poli (carbonato di glicerolo) stearato modificato 27-30. Le tecniche di fabbricazione forniscono la rugosità superficiale maggiore e porosità acceso e all'interno della FIBErs o particelle, rispettivamente, mentre l'uso di un drogante copolimero fornisce un polimero a bassa energia superficiale che si fonde con il poliestere e può essere stabilmente elettrofilate o electrosprayed 27,31,32.

Poliesteri alifatici biodegradabili come il poli (acido lattico) (PLA), poli (acido glicolico) (PGA), poli (lattico co acido acido -glycolic) (PLGA) e policaprolattone (PCL) sono polimeri utilizzati in dispositivi clinicamente approvati e prominente in materiali Ricerca Biomedica a causa della loro non-tossicità, biodegradabilità, e la facilità di sintesi 33. PGA e PLGA debuttato nella clinica come suture riassorbibili nel 1960 e 1970, rispettivamente primi anni 34-37. Da allora, questi poli (idrossiacidi) sono stati trasformati in una serie di altri fattori di forma per applicazioni specifiche, come ad esempio micro- e nanoparticelle 40,41 38,39, wafer / dischi 42, maglie 27,43, schiume 44, e 45 film </sup>.

Poliesteri alifatici, nonché altri polimeri di interesse biomedico, possono essere elettrofilate per produrre nano o maglie microfibra strutture che possiedono elevata area superficiale e porosità e resistenza alla trazione. Tabella 1 elenca i polimeri sintetici elettrofilate per varie applicazioni biomediche e loro corrispondenti riferimenti. Electrospinning e electrospraying sono tecniche rapide e commercialmente scalabili. Queste due tecniche simili si basano sull'applicazione di alta tensione (repulsione elettrostatica) per superare la tensione superficiale di una soluzione polimerica / fondere in una configurazione pompa a siringa è diretto verso un bersaglio a terra 46,47. Quando questa tecnica viene utilizzata in combinazione con polimeri a bassa energia superficiale (polimeri idrofobi come poli (monostearato co caprolactone- -glycerol)), il conseguente superhydrophobicity materiali per mostre.

Per illustrare questo approccio generale sintetico e trattamento dei materialialla costruzione di materiali superhydrophobic da polimeri biomedici, si descrive la sintesi di polycaprolactone- superhydrophobic e poli (lactide- co -glycolide) materiali basati su come esempi rappresentativi. Il rispettivo poli droganti copolimero (Monostearato co caprolactone- -glycerol) e poli (Monostearato co lactide- -glycerol) vengono prima sintetizzate, poi mescolato con policaprolattone e poli (lactide- co -glycolide), rispettivamente, e infine elettrofilate o electrosprayed. I materiali risultanti sono caratterizzati da SEM imaging e angolo di contatto goniometry, e testati de vitro e in vivo biocompatibilità. Infine, bagnatura massa attraverso tridimensionali maglie superhydrophobic viene esaminato con mdc tomografia microcomputed.

Protocol

1. Synthesizing Functionalizable poli (1,3-glicerolo carbonate- co caprolattone) 29 e poli (1,3-glicerolo carbonate- co -lactide) 27,28. Sintesi monomero. Sciogliere cis -2-fenil-1,3-diossano-5-olo (50 g, 0,28 moli, 1 eq.) In 500 ml di tetraidrofurano anidro (THF) e mescolate in ghiaccio sotto azoto. Aggiungere idrossido di potassio (33,5 g, 0,84 mol, 3 eq.), Finemente tritato con un mortaio e pestello. Mettere pallone in bagno di ghiaccio. A…

Representative Results

Attraverso una serie di trasformazioni chimiche, il monomero funzionale carbonato di 5-benzilossi-1,3-diossan-2-one è sintetizzato come solido bianco cristallino (Figura 1A). 1 H NMR conferma la struttura (Figura 1B) e spettrometria di massa e analisi elementare confermare la composizione. Questo solido viene poi copolimerizzato sia con D, L o -lactide ε-caprolattone con una apertura di anello di reazione tin-catalizzata a 140 ° C. Dopo purificazione mediante prec…

Discussion

Il nostro approccio alla costruzione di materiali superhydrophobic da polimeri biomedici combina chimica dei polimeri sintetici con le tecniche di lavorazione di polimeri di electrospinning e electrospraying. Queste tecniche forniscono sia fibre o particelle, rispettivamente. In particolare, policaprolattone e poli (lactide- co -glycolide) materiali a base superhydrophobic vengono preparati usando questa strategia. Variando la composizione del copolimero idrofobo, copolimero cento nella miscela polimerica final…

Declarações

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

Funding was provided in part by BU and the NIH R01CA149561. The authors wish to thank the electrospinning/electrospraying team including Stefan Yohe, Eric Falde, Joseph Hersey, and Julia Wang for their helpful discussions and contributions to the preparation and characterization of superhydrophobic biomaterials.

Materials

Silicone oil Sigma-Aldrich 85409
Cis-2-Phenyl-1,3-dioxan-5-ol Sigma-Aldrich 13468
Benzyl bromide Sigma-Aldrich B17905 Toxic, lacrymator/eye irritant, use in chemical fume hood
Potassium hydroxide Sigma-Aldrich 221473 Corrosive
Rotary evaporator Buchi R-124
High-vacuum pump Welch 8907
Nitrogen, ultra high purity Airgas NI UHP300 Compressed gas
Tetrahydrofuran, stabilized with BHT Pharmaco-Aaper 346000 Flammable. Dried through column of XXX
Dichloromethane Pharmaco-Aaper 313000 Flammable, toxic.
Separatory funnel (1 L) Fisher Scientific 13-678-606
Sodium sulfate Sigma-Aldrich 239313
Ethanol, absolute Pharmaco-Aaper 111USP200 Flammable, toxic.
Buchner funnel Fisher Scientific FB-966-F
Methanol Pharmaco-Aaper 339000ACS Flammable, toxic.
Hydrochloric acid Sigma-Aldrich 320331 Corrosive. Diluted to 2N in distilled water.
Ethyl chloroformate, 97% Sigma-Aldrich 185892 Toxic, flammable, harmful to environment
Triethylamine (anhydrous) Sigma-Aldrich 471283 Toxic, flammable, harmful to environment
Diethyl ether Pharmaco-Aaper 373ANHACS Highly flammable. Purified through XXX column.
3,6-Dimethyl-1,4-dioxane-2,5-dione (D,L-lactide) Sigma-Aldrich 303143
Tin (II) ethylhexanoate Sigma-Aldrich S3252 Toxic.
ε-caprolactone (97%) Sigma-Aldrich 704067
Toluene, anhydrous Sigma-Aldrich 244511 Flammable, toxic.
Glass syringe Hamilton Company 1700-series
Deuterated chloroform Cambridge Isotopes Laboratories, Inc. DLM-29-10 Toxic
Nuclear magnetic resonance instrument Varian V400
Palladium on carbon catalyst Strem Chemicals, Inc. 46-1707
Hydrogenator unit Parr 3911
Hydrogenator shaker vessel Parr 66CA
Hydrogen Airgas HY HP300 Highly flammable.
Diatomaceous earth Sigma-Aldrich 22140
2H,2H,3H,3H-perflurononanoic acid Oakwood Products, Inc. 10519 Toxic.
Stearic acid Sigma-Aldrich S4751
N,N’-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide Sigma-Aldrich D80002 Toxic, irritant.
4-(dimethylamino) pyridine Sigma-Aldrich 107700 Toxic.
Hexanes Pharmaco-Aaper 359000ACS Toxic, flammable.
Gel permeation chromatography (GPC) system Rainin
GPC column Waters WAT044228
Differential scanning calorimeter TA Instruments Q100
Chloroform Pharmaco-Aaper 309000ACS Toxic.
N,N-dimethylformamide Sigma-Aldrich 227056 Toxic, flammable.
Polycaprolactone, MW 70-90 kg/mol Sigma-Aldrich 440744
Poly(lactide-co-glycolide), MW 136 kg/mol Evonik Industries LP-712
10-mL glass syringe Hamilton Company 81620
18 AWG blunt needle BRICO Medical Supplies BN1815
Electrospinner enclosure box Custom-built N/A Made of acrylic panels
High voltage DC supply Glassman High Voltage, Inc. PS/EL30R01.5 High voltages, electrocution hazard
Linear (translating) stage Servo Systems Co. LPS-12-20-0.2 Optional
Programmable motor & power supply Intelligent Motion Systems, Inc. MDrive23 Plus Optional
24V DC motor & power supply McMaster-Carr 6331K32 Optional
Aluminum collector drum Custom-built Optional
Syringe pump Fisher Scientific 78-0100I
Inverted optical microscope Olympus IX70
Scanning electron microscope Carl Zeiss Supra V55
Conductive copper tape 3M 16072
Aluminum SEM stubs Electron Microscopy Sciences 75200
Contact angle goniometer Kruss DSA100
Propylene glycol Sigma-Aldrich W294004 Toxic.
Ethylene glycol Sigma-Aldrich 324558 Toxic.
Ioxaglate Guerbet
Fetal bovine serum American Type Culture Collection 30-2020
Micro-computed tomography instrument Scanco
Image analysis software (Analyze) Mayo Clinic
Tensile tester Instron 5848
Micrometer Multitoyo 293-340
Calipers Fisher Scientific 14-648-17
DOWNLOAD MATERIALS LIST

Referências

  1. Li, X. M., Reinhoudt, D., Crego-Calama, M. What do we need for a superhydrophobic surface? A review on the recent progress in the preparation of superhydrophobic surfaces. Chem. Soc. Rev. 36, 1350-1368 (2007).
  2. Crick, C. R., Parkin, I. P. Preparation and characterisation of super-hydrophobic surfaces. Chem. – Eur. J. 16, 3568-3588 (2010).
  3. Genzer, J., Efimenko, K. Recent developments in superhydrophobic surfaces and their relevance to marine fouling: a review. Biofouling. 22, 339-360 (2006).
  4. Marmur, A. Super-hydrophobicity fundamentals: implications to biofouling prevention. Biofouling. 22, 107-115 (2006).
  5. Sas, I., Gorga, R. E., Joines, J. A., Thoney, K. A. Literature review on superhydrophobic self-cleaning surfaces produced by electrospinning. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 50, 824-845 (2012).
  6. Zhang, X., Shi, F., Niu, J., Jiang, Y., Wang, Z. Superhydrophobic surfaces: from structural control to functional application. J. Mat. Chem. 18, 621-633 (2008).
  7. Xue, C. -. H., Li, Y. -. R., Zhang, P., Ma, J. -. Z., Jia, S. -. T. Washable and wear-resistant superhydrophobic surfaces with self-cleaning property by chemical etching of fibers and hydrophobization. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 6, 10153-10161 (2014).
  8. Ou, J., Perot, B., Rothstein, J. P. Laminar drag reduction in microchannels using ultrahydrophobic surfaces. Phys. Fluids. 16, 4635-4643 (2004).
  9. Ko, T. -. J., et al. Adhesion behavior of mouse liver cancer cells on nanostructured superhydrophobic and superhydrophilic surfaces. Soft Matter. , (2013).
  10. Lourenco, B. N., et al. Wettability influences cell behavior on superhydrophobic surfaces with different topographies. Biointerphases. 7, (2012).
  11. Srinivasan, S., et al. Drag reduction for viscous laminar flow on spray-coated non-wetting surfaces. Soft Matter. 9, 5691-5702 (2013).
  12. Yohe, S. T., Colson, Y. L., Grinstaff, M. W. Superhydrophobic materials for tunable drug release: using displacement of air to control delivery rates. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 134, 2016-2019 (2012).
  13. Yohe, S. T., Herrera, V. L. M., Colson, Y. L., Grinstaff, M. W. 3D superhydrophobic electrospun meshes as reinforcement materials for sustained local drug delivery against colorectal cancer cells. J. Control. Release. 162, 92-101 (2012).
  14. Yohe, S. T., Kopechek, J. A., Porter, T. M., Colson, Y. L., Grinstaff, M. W. Triggered drug release from superhydrophobic meshes using high-intensity focused ultrasound. Adv. Healthcare Mater. 2, 1204-1208 (2013).
  15. Manna, U., Kratochvil, M. J., Lynn, D. M. Superhydrophobic polymer multilayers that promote the extended, long-term release of embedded water-soluble agents. Adv. Mater. 25, 6405-6409 (2013).
  16. Ju, G., Cheng, M., Shi, F. A pH-responsive smart surface for the continuous separation of oil/water/oil ternary mixtures. NPG Asia Mater. 6, e111 (2014).
  17. Lim, H. S., Han, J. T., Kwak, D., Jin, M., Cho, K. Photoreversibly switchable superhydrophobic surface with erasable and rewritable pattern. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128, 14458-14459 (2006).
  18. Macias-Montero, M., Borras, A., Alvarez, R., Gonzalez-Elipe, A. R. Following the wetting of one-dimensional photoactive surfaces. Langmuir. 28, 15047-15055 (2012).
  19. Sun, T., et al. Reversible switching between superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 43, 357-360 (2004).
  20. Verplanck, N., Coffinier, Y., Thomy, V., Boukherroub, R. Wettability switching techniques on superhydrophobic surfaces. Nanoscale Res. Lett. 2, 577-596 (2007).
  21. Deng, D., et al. Hydrophobic meshes for oil spill recovery devices. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 5, 774-781 (2013).
  22. Ebrahimi, A., et al. Nanotextured superhydrophobic electrodes enable detection of attomolar-scale DNA concentration within a droplet by non-faradaic impedance spectroscopy. Lab Chip. 13, 4248-4256 (2013).
  23. Guix, M., et al. Superhydrophobic alkanethiol-coated microsubmarines for effective removal of oil. ACS Nano. 6, 4445-4451 (2012).
  24. Korhonen, J. T., Kettunen, M., Ras, R. H. A., Ikkala, O. Hydrophobic nanocellulose aerogels as floating, sustainable, reusable, and recyclable oil absorbents. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 3, 1813-1816 (2011).
  25. Wu, Y., Hang, T., Komadina, J., Ling, H., Li, M. High-adhesive superhydrophobic 3D nanostructured silver films applied as sensitive, long-lived, reproducible and recyclable SERS substrates. Nanoscale. 6, 9720-9726 (2014).
  26. Norton, F. J. Waterproofing treatment of materials. US Patent. , (1945).
  27. Kaplan, J. A., et al. Imparting superhydrophobicity to biodegradable poly(lactide-co-glycolide) electrospun meshes. Biomacromolecules. 15, 2548-2554 (2014).
  28. Ray, W. C., Grinstaff, M. W. Polycarbonate and poly(carbonate−ester)s synthesized from biocompatible building blocks of glycerol and lactic acid. Macromolecules. 36, 3557-3562 (2003).
  29. Wolinsky, J. B., Ray, W. C., Colson, Y. L., Grinstaff, M. W. Poly(carbonate ester)s based on units of 6-hydroxyhexanoic acid and glycerol. Macromolecules. 40, 7065-7068 (2007).
  30. Wolinsky, J. B., Yohe, S. T., Colson, Y. L., Grinstaff, M. W. Functionalized hydrophobic poly(glycerol-co-ε-caprolactone) depots for controlled drug release. Biomacromolecules. 13, (2012).
  31. Yohe, S. T., Freedman, J. D., Falde, E. J., Colson, Y. L., Grinstaff, M. W. A mechanistic study of wetting superhydrophobic porous 3D meshes. Adv. Funct. Mater. 23, 3628-3637 (2013).
  32. Yohe, S. T., Grinstaff, M. W. A facile approach to robust superhydrophobic 3D coatings via connective-particle formation using the electrospraying process. Chem. Commun. 49, 804-806 (2013).
  33. Tian, H. Y., Tang, Z. H., Zhuang, X. L., Chen, X. S., Jing, X. B. Biodegradable synthetic polymers: Preparation, functionalization and biomedical application. Prog. Polym. Sci. 37, 237-280 (2012).
  34. Emil, S. E., Albert, P. R. Surgical sutures. US Patent. , (1967).
  35. Greenberg, J. A., Clark, R. M. Advances in suture material for obstetric and gynecologic surgery. Rev. Obstet. Gynecol. 2, 146-158 (2009).
  36. Weldon, C. B., et al. Electrospun drug-eluting sutures for local anesthesia. J. Control. Release. 161, 903-909 (2012).
  37. Wright, J., Hoffman, A., Wright, J. C., Burgess, D. J. Chapter 2. Long Acting Injections and Implants. Advances in Delivery Science and Technology. , 11-24 (2012).
  38. Wischke, C., Schwendeman, S. P. Principles of encapsulating hydrophobic drugs in PLA/PLGA microparticles. Int. J. Pharm. 364, 298-327 (2008).
  39. Xie, J. W., Tan, R. S., Wang, C. H. Biodegradable microparticles and fiber fabrics for sustained delivery of cisplatin to treat C6 glioma in vitro. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., Part A. 85A, 897-908 (2008).
  40. Danhier, F., et al. PLGA-based nanoparticles: An overview of biomedical applications. J. Control. Release. 161, 505-522 (2012).
  41. Korin, N., et al. Shear-activated nanotherapeutics for drug targeting to obstructed blood vessels. Science. 337, 738-742 (2012).
  42. Lee, J. S., et al. Evaluation of in vitro and in vivo antitumor activity of BCNU-Ioaded PLGA wafer against 9L gliosarcoma. Eur. J. Pharm. Biopharm. 59, 169-175 (2005).
  43. Liu, H., Wang, S. D., Qi, N. Controllable structure, properties, and degradation of the electrospun PLGA/PLA-blended nanofibrous scaffolds. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 125, E468-E476 (2012).
  44. Ong, B. Y. S., et al. Paclitaxel delivery from PLGA foams for controlled release in post-surgical chemotherapy against glioblastoma multiforme. Biomaterials. 30, 3189-3196 (2009).
  45. Paun, I. A., Moldovan, A., Luculescu, C. R., Staicu, A., Dinescu, M. M. A. P. L. E. deposition of PLGA:PEG films for controlled drug delivery: Influence of PEG molecular weight. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258, 9302-9308 (2012).
  46. Reneker, D. H., Yarin, A. L., Zussman, E., Xu, H., Aref, H., Van der Giessen, E. Electrospinning of nanofibers from polymer solutions and melts. Advances in Applied Mechanics. 41, 43-195 (2007).
  47. Leach, M. K., Feng, Z. -. Q., Tuck, S. J., Corey, J. M. Electrospinning fundamentals: optimizing solution and apparatus parameters. J. Vis. Exp. (2494), (2011).
  48. Oh, J. H., Park, K. M., Lee, J. S., Moon, H. T., Park, K. D. Electrospun microfibrous PLGA meshes coated with in situ cross-linkable gelatin hydrogels for tissue regeneration. Curr. Appl. Phys. 12, S144-S149 (2012).
  49. Kim, T. G., Park, T. G. Biomimicking extracellular matrix: cell adhesive RGD peptide modified electrospun poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanofiber mesh. Tissue Eng. 12, 221-233 (2006).
  50. Stitzel, J., et al. Controlled fabrication of a biological vascular substitute. Biomaterials. 27, 1088-1094 (2006).
  51. Liang, D., et al. In vitro non-viral gene delivery with nanofibrous scaffolds. Nucleic Acids Res. 33, e170 (2005).
  52. You, Y., Min, B. -. M., Lee, S. J., Lee, T. S., Park, W. H. In vitro degradation behavior of electrospun polyglycolide, polylactide, and poly(lactide-co-glycolide). J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 95, 193-200 (2005).
  53. Boland, E. D., Wnek, G. E., Simpson, D. G., Pawlowski, K. J., Bowlin, G. L. Tailoring tissue engineering scaffolds using electrostatic processing techniques: a study of poly(glycolic acid) electrospinning. J. Macromol. Sci., Part A: Pure Appl. Chem. 38, 1231-1243 (2001).
  54. Inoguchi, H., Tanaka, T., Maehara, Y., Matsuda, T. The effect of gradually graded shear stress on the morphological integrity of a huvec-seeded compliant small-diameter vascular graft. Biomaterials. 28, 486-495 (2007).
  55. Xu, C. Y., Inai, R., Kotaki, M., Ramakrishna, S. Aligned biodegradable nanofibrous structure: a potential scaffold for blood vessel engineering. Biomaterials. 25, 877-886 (2004).
  56. Mun, C. H., et al. Three-dimensional electrospun poly(lactide-co-varepsilon-caprolactone) for small-diameter vascular grafts. Tissue Eng. Part A. 18, 1608-1616 (2012).
  57. Inai, R., Kotaki, M., Ramakrishna, S. Deformation behavior of electrospun poly(L-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) nonwoven membranes under uniaxial tensile loading. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 43, 3205-3212 (2005).
  58. Cao, H., McHugh, K., Chew, S. Y., Anderson, J. M. The topographical effect of electrospun nanofibrous scaffolds on the in vivo and in vitro foreign body reaction. J. Biomed.Mater.Res.,PartA.. 93A, 1151-1159 (2010).
  59. Pham, Q. P., Sharma, U., Mikos, A. G. Electrospun poly(epsilon-caprolactone) microfiber and multilayer nanofiber/microfiber scaffolds: characterization of scaffolds and measurement of cellular infiltration. Biomacromolecules. 7, 2796-2805 (2006).
  60. Jiang, H., Zhao, P., Zhu, K. Fabrication and characterization of zein-based nanofibrous scaffolds by an electrospinning method. Macromol. Biosci. 7, 517-525 (2007).
  61. Zhang, Y. Z., Venugopal, J., Huang, Z. M., Lim, C. T., Ramakrishna, S. Characterization of the surface biocompatibility of the electrospun PCL-collagen nanofibers using fibroblasts. Biomacromolecules. 6, 2583-2589 (2005).
  62. Jiang, H., Hu, Y., Zhao, P., Li, Y., Zhu, K. Modulation of protein release from biodegradable core-shell structured fibers prepared by coaxial electrospinning. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., Part B: Appl. Biomat. 79, 50-57 (2006).
  63. Jiang, H., et al. A facile technique to prepare biodegradable coaxial electrospun nanofibers for controlled release of bioactive agents. J. Control. Release. 108, 237-243 (2005).
  64. Zhang, Y. Z., et al. Coaxial electrospinning of (fluorescein isothiocyanate-conjugated bovine serum albumin)-encapsulated poly(epsilon-caprolactone) nanofibers for sustained release. Biomacromolecules. 7, 1049-1057 (2006).
  65. Schnell, E., et al. Guidance of glial cell migration and axonal growth on electrospun nanofibers of poly-epsilon-caprolactone and a collagen/poly-epsilon-caprolactone blend. Biomaterials. 28, 3012-3025 (2007).
  66. Ma, Z., He, W., Yong, T., Ramakrishna, S. Grafting of gelatin on electrospun poly(caprolactone) nanofibers to improve endothelial cell spreading and proliferation and to control cell Orientation. Tissue Eng. 11, 1149-1158 (2005).
  67. Peesan, M., Rujiravanit, R., Supaphol, P. Electrospinning of hexanoyl chitosan/polylactide blends. J. Biomater. Sci., Polym. Ed. 17, 547-565 (2006).
  68. Jia, Y. -. T., et al. Fabrication and characterization of poly (vinyl alcohol)/chitosan blend nanofibers produced by electrospinning method. Carbohydr. Polym. 67, 403-409 (2007).
  69. Kenawy, E. -. R., Abdel-Hay, F. I., El-Newehy, M. H., Wnek, G. E. Controlled release of ketoprofen from electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) nanofibers. Mater. Sci. Eng., A. 459, 390-396 (2007).
  70. Zhang, C., Yuan, X., Wu, L., Han, Y., Sheng, J. Study on morphology of electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol) mats. Eur. Polym. J. 41, 423-432 (2005).
  71. Hong, K. H. Preparation and properties of electrospun poly(vinyl alcohol)/silver fiber web as wound dressings. Polym. Eng. Sci. 47, 43-49 (2007).
  72. Bhattarai, S. R., et al. Novel biodegradable electrospun membrane: scaffold for tissue engineering. Biomaterials. 25, 2595-2602 (2004).
  73. Grafahrend, D., et al. Biofunctionalized poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) nanofibers for tissue engineering. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med. 19, 1479-1484 (2008).
  74. Riboldi, S. A., Sampaolesi, M., Neuenschwander, P., Cossu, G., Mantero, S. Electrospun degradable polyesterurethane membranes: potential scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering. Biomaterials. 26, 4606-4615 (2005).
  75. Gugerell, A., et al. Electrospun poly(ester-urethane)- and poly(ester-urethane-urea) fleeces as promising tissue engineering scaffolds for adipose-derived stem cells. PLoS ONE. 9, e90676 (2014).
  76. Nair, P. A., Ramesh, P. Electrospun biodegradable calcium containing poly(ester-urethane)urea: synthesis, fabrication, in vitro degradation, and biocompatibility evaluation. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., Part A. 101, 1876-1887 (2013).
  77. Caracciolo, P., Thomas, V., Vohra, Y., Buffa, F., Abraham, G. Electrospinning of novel biodegradable poly(ester urethane)s and poly(ester urethane urea)s for soft tissue-engineering applications. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Med. 20, 2129-2137 (2009).
  78. Hong, Y., et al. A small diameter, fibrous vascular conduit generated from a poly(ester urethane)urea and phospholipid polymer blend. Biomaterials. 30, 2457-2467 (2009).
  79. Pego, A. P., et al. Preparation of degradable porous structures based on 1,3-trimethylene carbonate and D,L-lactide (co)polymers for heart tissue engineering. Tissue Eng. 9, 981-994 (2003).
  80. Niu, H., Wang, H., Zhou, H., Lin, T. Ultrafine PDMS fibers: preparation from in situ curing-electrospinning and mechanical characterization. RSC Adv. 4, 11782-11787 (2014).
  81. Kim, Y. B., Cho, D., Park, W. H. Electrospinning of poly(dimethyl siloxane) by sol–gel method. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 114, 3870-3874 (2009).
  82. Kenawy, E. -. R., et al. Release of tetracycline hydrochloride from electrospun poly(ethylene-co-vinylacetate), poly(lactic acid), and a blend. J. Control. Release. 81, 57-64 (2002).
  83. Uykun, N., et al. Electrospun antibacterial nanofibrous polyvinylpyrrolidone/cetyltrimethylammonium bromide membranes for biomedical applications. J. Bioact. Compat. Polym. 29, 382-397 (2014).
  84. Panthi, G., et al. Preparation and characterization of nylon-6/gelatin composite nanofibers via electrospinning for biomedical applications. Fibers Polym. 14, 718-723 (2013).
  85. Pant, H. R., et al. Chitin butyrate coated electrospun nylon-6 fibers for biomedical applications. Appl. Surf. Sci., Part B. 285, 538-544 (2013).
  86. Pant, H. R., Kim, C. S. Electrospun gelatin/nylon-6 composite nanofibers for biomedical applications. Polym. Int. 62, 1008-1013 (2013).
  87. Correia, D. M., et al. Influence of electrospinning parameters on poly(hydroxybutyrate) electrospun membranes fiber size and distribution. Polym. Eng. Sci. 54, 1608-1617 (2014).
  88. Tong, H. -. W., Wang, M. Electrospinning of poly(hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) fibrous tissue engineering scaffolds in two different electric fields. Polym. Eng. Sci. 51, 1325-1338 (2011).
  89. Carampin, P., et al. Electrospun polyphosphazene nanofibers for in vitro rat endothelial cells proliferation. J. Biomed. Mater. Res., Part A. 80, 661-668 (2007).
  90. Lin, Y. -. J., et al. Effect of solvent on surface wettability of electrospun polyphosphazene nanofibers. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 115, 3393-3400 (2010).
  91. Zhang, J., et al. Engineering of vascular grafts with genetically modified bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on poly (propylene carbonate) graft. Artif. Organs. 30, 898-905 (2006).
  92. Nagiah, N., Sivagnanam, U. T., Mohan, R., Srinivasan, N. T., Sehgal, P. K. Development and characterization of electropsun poly(propylene carbonate) ultrathin fibers as tissue engineering scaffolds. Adv. Eng. Mater. 14, B138-B148 (2012).
  93. Welle, A., et al. Electrospun aliphatic polycarbonates as tailored tissue scaffold materials. Biomaterials. 28, 2211-2219 (2007).
  94. Khanam, N., Mikoryak, C., Draper, R. K., Balkus, K. J. Electrospun linear polyethyleneimine scaffolds for cell growth. Acta Biomater. 3, 1050-1059 (2007).
  95. Xu, X., Zhang, J. -. F., Fan, Y. Fabrication of cross-linked polyethyleneimine microfibers by reactive electrospinning with in situ photo-cross-linking by UV radiation. Biomacromolecules. 11, 2283-2289 (2010).
  96. Wang, S., et al. Fabrication and morphology control of electrospun poly(Γ-glutamic acid) nanofibers for biomedical applications. Colloids Surf. B. 89, 254-264 (2012).
  97. Sakai, S., Yamada, Y., Yamaguchi, T., Kawakami, K. Prospective use of electrospun ultra-fine silicate fibers for bone tissue engineering. Biotechnol. J. 1, 958-962 (2006).
  98. Yamaguchi, T., Sakai, S., Kawakami, K. Application of silicate electrospun nanofibers for cell culture. J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 48, 350-355 (2008).
  99. Vazquez, G., Alvarez, E., Navaza, J. M. Surface-tension of alcohol plus water from 20-degrees C to 50-degrees. C. J. Chem. Eng. Data. 40, 611-614 (1995).
  100. Hoke, B. C., Patton, E. F. Surface tensions of propylene glycol water. J. Chem. Eng. Data. 37, 331-333 (1992).
  101. Azizian, S., Hemmati, M. Surface tension of binary mixtures of ethanol + ethylene glycol from 20 to 50. C. J. Chem. Eng. Data. 48, 662-663 (2003).
  102. Nayak, B. K., Caffrey, P. O., Speck, C. R., Gupta, M. C. Superhydrophobic surfaces by replication of micro/nano-structures fabricated by ultrafast-laser-microtexturing. Appl. Surf. Sci. 266, 27-32 (2013).

Tags

Keywords: SuperhydrophobicPolymeric MaterialsBiomedical ApplicationsElectrospinningElectrosprayingPolycaprolactonePoly(lactide-co-glycolide)Stearate-modified Poly(glycerol Carbonate)Surface RoughnessPorosityWettabilityPolymer ChemistryProcess EngineeringScalable Techniques
check_url/pt/53117?article_type=t

Play Video
PDF
DOI
DOWNLOAD MATERIALS LIST
Citar este artigo
Kaplan, J., Grinstaff, M. Fabricating Superhydrophobic Polymeric Materials for Biomedical Applications. J. Vis. Exp. (102), e53117, doi:10.3791/53117 (2015).
Baixar citação
Reimpressões e Permissões

View Video

✖

To prove you're not a robot, please enter the text in the image below

CAPTCHA Image
Play CAPTCHA Audio
Refresh Image