Summary

心力衰竭患者心肺运动测试中脑组织饱和监测的集成

Published: October 01, 2019
doi:

Summary

该协议将近红外光谱纳入传统的心肺锻炼测试,以确定心力衰竭患者在运动不耐受性中参与脑血液动力学反应的参与度。

Abstract

休息或运动期间的脑缺氧对心力衰竭患者的运动能力产生负面影响,而喷射分数(HF)减少。然而,在临床心肺运动测试(CPET)中,脑血管动力学不评估。NIRS用于测量前额叶的脑组织氧饱和度(SctO2)。该方法可靠有效,已多次用于研究。在HF患者的休息和高峰运动期间,SctO2低于健康对照组(66.3 ± 13.3% 和 63.4 ± 13.8%,而 73.1 = 2.8%和 72 = 3.2%)。Rest 的 SctO2与峰值 VO2(r = 0.602)、吸氧效率斜率(r = 0.501)和脑神经肽肽(r = -0.492) 呈显著线性相关,所有这些都是公认的预后和疾病严重性标记,指示其潜在的预后值。SctO2主要由HF种群的末潮CO2压力、平均动脉压力和血红蛋白决定。本文演示了一种协议,该协议使用 NIRS 将 SctO2集成到校准自行车测速仪上的增量 CPET 中。

Introduction

心肺运动测试(CPET)已应用于心力衰竭患者与减少喷射分数(HF)为多个目标,包括定量心肺健身,预后,诊断运动限制的原因,和运动处方1,2,3。在测试过程中,对来自自动气体交换的流体动力学变量和数据进行监测和分析。脑组织氧饱和度(SctO2)监测具有分级预后和疾病严重程度4,5。

近红外光谱(NIRS)使用红外光穿透头骨,并估计脑组织氧合持续和非侵入性6。由于氧血红蛋白和脱氧血红蛋白具有不同的光吸收光谱,是吸收光的主要色母,因此其浓度可以用透光和吸收6、7进行测量。然而,背景光吸收器也会散射光,并可能影响测量8。这项研究采用了空间解析的NIRS来测量从休息到高峰运动9的SctO2。发射四个波长,以补偿波长依赖散射损耗,消除背景干扰,从而提高精度10。

SctO2表示脑组织中氧气输送与消耗的比例。脑脱饱和与脑血流紊乱(CBF)、动脉氧浓度降低、脑组织耗氧量增加有关11。除了心脏输出不足外,高级HF在运动过程中通过减少二氧化碳(PaCO2)的动脉部分压力,通过过度通气间接诱导脑血管收缩,导致脑下灌注12.

陈等人揭示了HF脑氧合的临床意义。首先,与健康对照组相比,HF组中的SctO2显著减少。SctO2不仅在休息时减少,而且在锻炼期间进一步下降。在健康组中未观察到它。其次,SctO2rest和SctO2与VO2峰、脑酸尿肽(BNP)和氧吸氧效率斜率(OUES)相关,所有这些都是既定的预后标记。因此,SctO2rest和SctO2peak很可能预后,并反映HF患者的疾病严重程度。Koike等人的另一项研究表明,与冠状动脉疾病患者的幸存者相比,非幸存者额头上从休息到高峰运动时测得的脑氧血红蛋白变化明显较低。因此,可以使用脑氧合来分层HF患者的疾病严重程度和预后。

Protocol

以下协议由台湾林口长贡纪念医院伦理委员会批准。演习试验在大气温度为22-25°C、气压为755至770托、相对湿度为55-65%的空调实验室进行。在每次测试之前,气体分析仪都按照制造商的指示进行校准,使用室内空气和已知浓度的气体混合物(FO2: 0.12;FCO2: 0.05;N2作为平衡)。系统涡轮流量计采用自动泵送系统,采用0.2升/s和2升/s的2点法进行校准。 1. 准?…

Representative Results

台湾林口长公纪念医院收治了34名HF患者和17名健康对照医生。每个受试者都接受了心肺运动测试,其中纳入了NIRS的SctO2监测。简单地说,HF组(66.3 ± 13.3%;63.4 ± 13.8%)的SctO2(休息;峰值)值明显低于对照组(73.1 ± 2.8%;72 = 3.2%)组 (图 1)。在HF组中,静止的SctO 2(SctO2rest)和峰值SctO2(SctO 2峰值)与脑神经肽?…

Discussion

NIRS对无创和连续监测的脑氧合已应用于各种场景,包括心血管手术13和大脑功能分析,如那些估计神经活动14。该协议将NIRS集成到传统的CPET中,以确定HF患者在运动不耐受中脑血液动力学反应的参与度。它增加了运动测试在确定预后和疾病严重程度时的价值。

心脏功能障碍被认为是HF15患者运动不耐受的主要原因。尽管如?…

Declarações

The authors have nothing to disclose.

Acknowledgements

参加运动测试的病人深受赞赏。这项研究得到了台湾国家科学委员会(NMRPG3G6231/2/3)、长荣纪念医院(授权号)的支持。CMRPG3G0601/2),以及长荣大学健康老龄化研究中心和台湾教育部高等教育深度犁计划(助学金编号EMRPD1H0351和EMRPD1H0551)。

Materials

Bicycle ergometer Ergoline, Germany Ergoselect 150P
Cardiopulmonary exercise testing gas analysis Cardinal-health Germany MasterScreen CPX
Finger pulse oximetry Nonin Onyx, Plymouth, Minnesota Model 9500
Sphygmomanometer SunTech Medical, UK Tango

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Huang, S., Chen, C. P., Fu, T., Chen, Y. Integration of Brain Tissue Saturation Monitoring in Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing in Patients with Heart Failure. J. Vis. Exp. (152), e60289, doi:10.3791/60289 (2019).

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