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Medicine

Isolamento di isole umane da pazienti parzialmente Pancreatectomized

Published: July 30, 2011 doi: 10.3791/2962

Summary

La fornitura di diabete di tipo 2 isolotti per la ricerca è insufficiente. Qui condividiamo il nostro protocollo per isolare isolotti da pazienti sottoposti a pancreatectomia parziale. Questo approccio rappresenta un luogo unico per l'ottenimento di isolotti da diabete di tipo 2 e clinicamente abbinati soggetti non diabetici ed in numero sufficiente per gli studi di base e clinica.

Abstract

Indagini sulla patogenesi del diabete di tipo 2 e le isole di Langerhans malfunzionamento 1 sono stati ostacolati dalla limitata disponibilità di isolette con diabete di tipo 2 da donatori di organi 2. Qui condividiamo il nostro protocollo per isolare dal tessuto isole pancreatiche umane ottenute da diabete di tipo 2 e pazienti non diabetici che hanno subito pancreatectomia parziale a causa di diverse malattie del pancreas (tumori benigni o maligni del pancreas, pancreatite cronica, e del dotto biliare comune o tumori duodenali) . Tutti i pazienti coinvolti hanno dato il loro consenso a questo studio, che era stato approvato dal comitato etico locale. I campioni chirurgici sono stati immediatamente consegnati al patologo che hanno selezionato morbido e sano tessuto pancreatico che appaiono per l'isolamento delle isole, mantenendo il tessuto danneggiato per scopi diagnostici. Abbiamo scoperto che per isolare più di 1.000 isole, abbiamo dovuto iniziare con almeno 2 g di tessuto pancreatico. Anche essenziale per il nostro protocollo è stato quello di distendere visibilmente il tessuto quando si somministra l'enzima contenente i media e successivamente macinata per aiutare la digestione, aumentando la superficie.

Per estendere l'applicabilità del nostro protocollo di includere il caso in cui occasionalmente una quantità di grandi dimensioni (> 15 g) di tessuto pancreatico umano è disponibile, abbiamo usato una camera di Ricordi (50 ml) per digerire il tessuto. Durante la digestione, si scosse manualmente la camera di Ricordi 3 a un'intensità che varia da campione in base al suo livello di fibrosi tissutale. Un gradiente discontinuo Ficoll è stato poi utilizzato per separare le isolette dal tessuto acinare. Abbiamo notato che il precipitato di tessuto dovrebbe essere abbastanza piccolo da essere omogeneamente risospeso in medium Ficoll con una densità di 1,125 g / ml. Dopo l'isolamento, abbiamo colto gli isolotti in condizioni di stress (senza agitazione o rotazione) con il 5% CO 2 a 37 ° C per almeno 48 ore al fine di facilitare il loro recupero funzionale. Applicazione diffusa del nostro protocollo e il suo miglioramento futuro potrebbe consentire la raccolta puntuale di grandi quantità di isole umane da diabetici e clinicamente abbinati soggetti non diabetici, notevolmente avanzando la ricerca sul diabete di tipo 2.

Protocol

1. Collezione di tessuti del pancreas in sala operatoria

  1. Il chirurgo esegue una resezione parziale del pancreas.
  2. Dopo aver posizionato il campione del pancreas in una scatola su ghiaccio, lo consegnerà immediatamente al patologo.

2. Selezione dei tessuti per l'isolamento delle isole

  1. Il patologo seleziona tessuto che appare morbida e sana, mantenendo il tessuto danneggiato per scopi diagnostici. Campioni di tessuto fibrotico e offrendo meno di 2 g di tessuto utilizzabile sono esclusi dalla isolamento delle isole.
  2. Immergere il tessuto pancreatico in soluzione di Euro Collins e fornire sul ghiaccio al laboratorio.

3. Isolamento di isole umane

  1. Pesare il tessuto pancreatico, poi metterlo in un piatto da 10 cm.
  2. Mettere 150 ml RPMI dei media in un pallone da 500 ml.
  3. In un pallone da 250 ml, preparare la soluzione enzima digestivo, combinando 130 ml RPMI media con 100 mg / ml di DNasi e 20 ml di RI Liberase 5mg/ml. Disegna 10 ml di questa soluzione in una siringa per iniettare il tessuto pancreatico.
  4. Iniettare la soluzione di enzima digestivo nel tessuto pancreatico, al fine di distendere la omogeneo. Se questo è impedito da fibrosi, la digestione probabilmente fallire. Poi, tritare il tessuto in ~ 4 mm 3 pezzi su ghiaccio.

4. Pancreas umano circuito digestione

  1. Montare il circuito digestione, come mostrato nella Figura 1. La direzione del flusso nella camera di Ricordi è in basso e fuori nella parte alta della camera.
  2. Aggiungere la restante soluzione enzima digestivo al pallone da 500 ml fino ad un volume totale di 300 ml e inserire un termometro.
  3. Trasferire il tessuto pancreatico nella camera, inserire le maglie (pori di diametro: 600 micron) e tre Marmi nitruro di silicio (diametro: 15 mm), chiudere la camera e avviare la pompa con il flusso fissato a 140 ml / min.
  4. Quando la temperatura del circuito raggiunge i 37 ° C, inizio i tempi e periodicamente prelevare campioni per determinare quando interrompere la digestione. Colorazione con ditizone (2 mg / ml) permette la visualizzazione di isolette microscopiche all'interno del tessuto digerito 4.
  5. Una volta le isole sono separate dal tessuto acinare circostante, in modo rapido fermare la digestione ponendo la batteria di riscaldamento sul ghiaccio e aggiungendo 200 ml di supporti lavaggio a freddo (900 ml RPMI 1640 con 5,5 mM di glucosio e il 10% FBS) al circuito.
  6. Raccogliere la soluzione isolotto in 250 ml provette coniche come si esce dalla provetta. Continuare fino a quando il circuito è vuoto.

Figura 1
Figura 1. L'uomo circuito digestione pancreas Il pancreas umano circuito digestione comprende una camera di Ricordi che contiene mesh (pori di diametro: 600 micron) e tre palline di nitruro di silicio (diametro: 15 mm). Uscita dalla camera è spinto al pallone raccolta tessuto dalla pompa peristaltica (140 ml / min). Le frecce indicano la direzione del flusso. Una temperatura ottimale per la digestione enzimatica viene mantenuta immergendo la bobina di riscaldamento in un bagno d'acqua a 37 ° C.

5. Lavaggio post-digestione

  1. Centrifuga da 250 ml provette coniche contenente la soluzione isolotto a 1000 rpm, 4 ° C per 5 min.
  2. Eliminare il surnatante, risospendere il pellet isolotto a lavare i media (900 ml RPMI 1640 con 5,5 mM di glucosio e il 10% FBS) e distribuirlo in frazioni pari a 50 ml provette coniche. (Opzionale:. Distribuire in tubi conici aggiuntive per migliorare il lavaggio) Centrifugare a 1000 rpm, 4 ° C per 5 min.
  3. Gettare il surnatante e delicatamente allentare pellet agitando manuale.

6. Purificazione su un gradiente di Ficoll

  1. Risospendere il pellet con Ficoll i media ad una densità di 1,125 g / ml, pH 7.4 e lentamente sovrapposizione di 10 ml di Ficoll mezzi con densità di 1,080, 1,060 e 1,037 g / ml.
  2. Centrifugare i gradienti di Ficoll a 2400 rpm, 4 ° C per 20 min.

7. Isolotto Raccolta e Cultura

  1. Dopo la centrifugazione, componenti del tessuto differenti si distinguono per la loro scomposizione del gradiente.
  2. Eliminare lo strato superiore costituito da grassi e tessuto connettivo.
  3. Accuratamente raccolto il primo strato di inerti isolotto alla g / ml 1,037-1,060 interfase. Questo strato contiene le isole più puro isolato. Raccogliere separatamente le frazioni per l'isolamento efficiente.
  4. Raccogliere la seconda frazione meno puro di aggregati isolotto alla g / ml 1,060-1,080 interfase.
  5. Diluire il gradiente di Ficoll con l'aggiunta di lavare i media (900 ml RPMI 1640 con 5,5 mM di glucosio e il 10% FBS) a ciascuna provetta conica fino ad un volume totale di 50 ml. Centrifugare a 1000 rpm, 4 ° C per 5 min.
  6. Eliminare il surnatante tramite aspirazione. Usare la stessa attenzione il pellet potrebbe essere sciolto a causa del gradiente di Ficoll.
  7. Lavare il wi pellet° lavare i media (900 ml RPMI 1640 con 5,5 mM di glucosio e il 10% FBS) e centrifugare a 1000 rpm, 4 ° C per 5 min. Ripetere utilizzando terreni di coltura isolotto
  8. Risospendere le isolette in terreni di coltura e metterli in incubatore al 5% di CO 2 a 37 ° C per 24-48 ore prima di ulteriori elaborazioni.

Representative Results

Il nostro protocollo ha dato una media di circa 500 isolotti per grammo di tessuto pancreatico, anche se questo varia notevolmente tra i preparati in gran parte dovuta a differenze di fibrosi e di attività collagenasi. Abbiamo raggiunto la purezza isolotto> 90% dalla colorazione prima con ditizone durante la lavorazione dei tessuti, poi 24 ore dopo la raccolta manuale isolamento. Per determinare la qualità delle isole purificate, abbiamo testato per 25 mM glucosio-stimolata la secrezione di insulina in condizioni statiche per 2 ore. Abbiamo trovato la secrezione di insulina paragonabile a quella di isolotti ottenuto dall'isolamento ECIT isole e centri di trapianto. Come isolette isolate dal pancreas parzialmente pancreatectomized non sono stati pensati per il trapianto di isole, la valutazione della IEQ totale non è stato considerato un fattore critico.

È importante sottolineare che il nostro metodo ci ha permesso di isolare isolotti per gli studi funzionali da 25 pazienti parziale pancreatectomized tra il 2005 e 2008 5. Queste isole sono stati analizzati per il glucosio-stimolata la secrezione di insulina e di espressione delle proteine ​​specifiche da western blotting ed immunoistochimica. Isolette isolate da parte pancreatecomized pancreas potrebbe anche essere utilizzato per confrontare profili di espressione genica e proteica, l'aspetto ultrastrutturale e le risposte funzionali di isole non-diabetici e diabetici. Perché ci sono più pazienti sottoposti a pancreatectomia parziali che ci sono donatori di organi, il nostro protocollo potrebbe consentire abbastanza campioni e dati da raccogliere per una ben fondata analisi statistica.

Discussion

Utilizzando il nostro protocollo, isole umane può essere isolato dal tessuto pancreatico prelevato da un pancreatectomia parziale. Il successo di questo protocollo si basa sulla cura posta nella alcuni punti critici. Per preservare la vitalità delle cellule beta, è essenziale che il campione da trasportare rapidamente sul ghiaccio al laboratorio. Inoltre, la durata della digestione dei tessuti deve essere ottimizzata empiricamente a seconda del grado di fibrosi dei tessuti e l'attività enzimatica dei media. Questo vale anche per il grado di forza meccanica applicata manualmente alla camera di Ricordi. In tal modo di ottenere un buon rendimento isolotto, il protocollo è meglio eseguita da uno scienziato dedicato o assistente tecnico. Errore iniziale è la norma a meno che la squadra è già sperimentato in isolamento isole.

Ci sono differenze fondamentali tra il nostro protocollo isolotto isolamento e lo standard umano metodo di isolamento delle isole: 1) Anche se usiamo tessuto pancreatico sottoposto a diverse ore di ischemia durante la procedura chirurgica, viene immediatamente trasformato in loco. Questo è in contrasto con pancreas espiantati da donatori in morte cerebrale per il pancreas / trapianto di isole, che rimangono ischemico per diverse ore durante l'assegnazione e la consegna alla struttura isolamento delle isole. 2) Noi collagenasi iniettare direttamente nel tessuto pancreatico, mentre il protocollo standard è quello di infondere in dotto pancreatico. 3) Abbiamo separato le isole con un gradiente discontinuo Ficoll invece di raccogliere le isolette da un gradiente Ficoll continuo utilizzando un processore COBE cellula.

Nei casi in cui il campione chirurgico è troppo fibrotica o scarsa per isolare un numero adeguato di isolotti, il tessuto può essere ancora recuperato la cattura microdissezione laser (LCM) 10. Questo permette ai dati di espressione genica da recuperare praticamente ogni esemplare, anche se l'isolamento delle isole non riesce o la resa è molto bassa. Purtroppo, LCM non produce le cellule viventi per gli studi funzionali e il loro ammontare è di solito insufficiente per l'analisi proteomica. Così, con LCM in parallelo con il nostro protocollo collagenasi digestione per recuperare le isole possono essere il modo più efficace al processo di campioni chirurgici.

Quando si raccolgono i tessuti per l'isolamento delle isole da pancreatectomies parziale, è importante esaminare attentamente la storia clinica del paziente e stato metabolico. Un paziente parzialmente pancreatectomized potrebbero essere interessati dal tipo 3c diabete, il diabete secondario cioè al disordine del pancreas porta alla chirurgia 6. Tra i 43 pazienti partecipanti che hanno subito questo intervento nel nostro reparto nel 2010, 32 erano non-diabetici, 5 erano affetti da diabete di tipo 2 e 6 avevano il diabete di tipo 3c. Questi dati concordano con gli studi precedenti che punta al metabolismo del glucosio e diabete in una frazione considerevole di pazienti affetti da cancro al pancreas o pancreatite cronica 6. Abbiamo considerato il diabete sia di origine primaria, se è stato diagnosticato da almeno un anno prima della comparsa dei sintomi principali della chirurgia pancreatica 7. I livelli di anticorpi contro l'isolotto autoantigeni deve essere misurato per valutare un potenziale origine autoimmune del diabete 8. Perché un paziente sottoposto ad pancreatectomia potrebbe soffrire di diabete non diagnosticato o essere intolleranti al glucosio, tutti i pazienti non diabetici devono assumere un test orale di tolleranza al glucosio prima della pancreatectomia 9.

Disclosures

Nessun conflitto di interessi dichiarati.

Acknowledgments

Vogliamo ringraziare i nostri tanti colleghi che hanno fornito aiuto, pareri e contributi critici nelle varie fasi del progetto. La produzione di questo articolo il video è stato sostenuto con i fondi del ministero tedesco dell'Istruzione e della ricerca (BMBF) al Centro tedesco per Diabetes Research (DZD, http://www.dzd-ev.de ), IMIDIA ( http://www . imidia.org ) e l'Ospedale Universitario Carl Gustav Carus a Dresda University of Technology. La ricerca ha portato a questi risultati ha ricevuto finanziamenti dal Settimo programma quadro della Comunità europea (FP7/2007-2013) per l'iniziativa medicina innovativa nell'ambito della convenzione di sovvenzione n ° 115005.

References

  1. Kahn, S. E., Zraika, S., Utzschneider, K. M., Hull, R. L. The beta cell lesion in type 2 diabetes: there has to be a primary functional abnormality. Diabetologia. 52, 1003-1012 (2009).
  2. Deng, S., Vatamaniuk, M., Huang, X., Doliba, N., Lian, M. M., Frank, A., Velidedeoglu, E., Desai, N. M., Koeberlein, B., Wolf, B., Barker, C. F., Naji, A., Matschinsky, F. M., Markmann, J. F. Structural and functional abnormalities in the islets isolated from type 2 diabetic subjects. Diabetes. 53, 624-632 (2004).
  3. Ricordi, C., Lacy, P. E., Finke, E. H., Olack, B. J., Scharp, D. W. Automated method for isolation of human pancreatic islets. Diabetes. 37, 413-420 (1988).
  4. Latif, Z. A., Noel, J., Alejandro, R. A simple method of staining fresh and cultured islets. Transplantation. 45, 827-830 (1988).
  5. Ehehalt, F., Knoch, K., Erdmann, K., Krautz, C., Jäger, M., Steffen, A., Wegbrod, C., Meisterfeld, R., Kersting, S., Bergert, H., Kuhlisch, E., Bornstein, S., Bonifacio, E., Saeger, H. D., Solimena, M. Impaired insulin turnover in islets from type 2 diabetic patients. Islets. 2, 30-36 (2010).
  6. Hardt, P. D., Brendel, M. D., Kloer, H. U., Bretzel, R. G. Is pancreatic diabetes (type 3c diabetes) underdiagnosed and misdiagnosed? Diabetes Care. 31, Suppl 2. S165-S169 (2008).
  7. Meisterfeld, R., Ehehalt, F., Saeger, H. D., Solimena, M. Pancreatic disorders and diabetes mellitus. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes. 116, Suppl 1. S7-S12 (2008).
  8. Verge, C. F., Gianani, R., Kawasaki, E., Yu, L., Pietropaolo, M., Jackson, R. A., Chase, H. P., Eisenbarth, G. S. Prediction of type I diabetes in first-degree relatives using a combination of insulin, GAD, and ICA512bdc/IA-2 autoantibodies. Diabetes. 45, 926-933 (1996).
  9. Alberti, K. G., Zimmet, P. Z. Definition, diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus and its complications. Part 1: diagnosis and classification of diabetes mellitus provisional report of a WHO consultation. Diabet Med. 15, 539-553 (1998).
  10. Marselli, L., Thorne, J., Ahn, Y. B., Omer, A. Gene Expression of Purified {beta}-Cell Tissue Obtained from Human Pancreas with Laser Capture Microdissection. Journal of Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 93, 1046-1053 (2008).

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Medicina Numero 53 isole umane diabete mellito pancreatectomia parziale l'isolamento delle isole umane
Isolamento di isole umane da pazienti parzialmente Pancreatectomized
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Bötticher, G., Sturm, D.,More

Bötticher, G., Sturm, D., Ehehalt, F., Knoch, K. P., Kersting, S., Grützmann, R., Baretton, G. B., Solimena, M., Saeger, H. D. Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients. J. Vis. Exp. (53), e2962, doi:10.3791/2962 (2011).

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    Experimental Protocol of a Three-minute, All-out Arm Crank Exercise Test in Spinal-cord Injured and Able-bodied Individuals
  • Research • Medicine
    Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
  • Research • Medicine
    Video Movement Analysis Using Smartphones (ViMAS): A Pilot Study
  • Research • Medicine
    Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans
  • Research • Medicine
    Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
  • Research • Medicine
    Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans
  • Research • Medicine
    A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device
  • Research • Medicine
    Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  • Research • Medicine
    Integrated Compensatory Responses in a Human Model of Hemorrhage
  • Research • Medicine
    Transthoracic Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation
  • Research • Medicine
    Impression Cytology of the Lid Wiper Area
  • Research • Behavior
    A Protocol of Manual Tests to Measure Sensation and Pain in Humans
  • Research • Medicine
    Unbiased Deep Sequencing of RNA Viruses from Clinical Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    A Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cell-based Model of the Human Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier to Study Bacterial Infection from the Basolateral Side
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Profiling of MicroRNA-containing Exosomes from Human Bile
  • Research • Medicine
    Generation of Microtumors Using 3D Human Biogel Culture System and Patient-derived Glioblastoma Cells for Kinomic Profiling and Drug Response Testing
  • Research • Medicine
    Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test
  • Research • Medicine
    Using a Laminating Technique to Perform Confocal Microscopy of the Human Sclera
  • Research • Medicine
    Intravenous Endotoxin Challenge in Healthy Humans: An Experimental Platform to Investigate and Modulate Systemic Inflammation
  • Research • Medicine
    Modeling and Simulations of Olfactory Drug Delivery with Passive and Active Controls of Nasally Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols
  • Research • Medicine
    Exosomal miRNA Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients' Plasma Through qPCR: A Feasible Liquid Biopsy Tool
  • Research • Medicine
    A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
  • Research • Medicine
    Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Toddlers - Resting and Developmental Challenges
  • Research • Medicine
    Using Saccadometry with Deep Brain Stimulation to Study Normal and Pathological Brain Function
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantitative Fundus Autofluorescence for the Evaluation of Retinal Diseases
  • Research • Medicine
    Diagnosis of Musculus Gastrocnemius Tightness - Key Factors for the Clinical Examination
  • Research • Medicine
    Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy (SEEG) With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
  • Research • Medicine
    Using an Ingestible Telemetric Temperature Pill to Assess Gastrointestinal Temperature During Exercise
  • Research • Medicine
    Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe)
  • Research • Medicine
    MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
  • Research • Medicine
    Functional Human Liver Preservation and Recovery by Means of Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion
  • Research • Medicine
    A Multicenter MRI Protocol for the Evaluation and Quantification of Deep Vein Thrombosis
  • Research • Medicine
    Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test
  • Research • Medicine
    Use of Electromagnetic Navigational Transthoracic Needle Aspiration (E-TTNA) for Sampling of Lung Nodules
  • Research • Medicine
    Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye
  • Research • Medicine
    In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
  • Research • Medicine
    Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy
  • Research • Medicine
    Human Brown Adipose Tissue Depots Automatically Segmented by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Registered Magnetic Resonance Images
  • Research • Medicine
    Preparation and Respirometric Assessment of Mitochondria Isolated from Skeletal Muscle Tissue Obtained by Percutaneous Needle Biopsy
  • Research • Medicine
    A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Immortalization of Patient-derived Cell Lines from Muscle Biopsy for Disease Modeling
  • Research • Medicine
    State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates
  • Research • Medicine
    Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
  • Research • Medicine
    The Supraclavicular Fossa Ultrasound View for Central Venous Catheter Placement and Catheter Change Over Guidewire
  • Research • Medicine
    Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research
  • Research • Medicine
    Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    A Neuroscientific Approach to the Examination of Concussions in Student-Athletes
  • Research • Medicine
    DTI of the Visual Pathway - White Matter Tracts and Cerebral Lesions
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
  • Research • Medicine
    A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
  • Research • Medicine
    Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults
  • Research • Medicine
    Multi-electrode Array Recordings of Human Epileptic Postoperative Cortical Tissue
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection and Extraction of Saliva DNA for Next Generation Sequencing
  • Research • Medicine
    Fast and Accurate Exhaled Breath Ammonia Measurement
  • Research • Medicine
    Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
  • Research • Medicine
    Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing
  • Research • Medicine
    Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
  • Research • Medicine
    EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
  • Research • Medicine
    The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas
  • Research • Medicine
    Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
  • Research • Medicine
    Lesion Explorer: A Video-guided, Standardized Protocol for Accurate and Reliable MRI-derived Volumetrics in Alzheimer's Disease and Normal Elderly
  • Research • Medicine
    Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation, Culture, and Imaging of Human Fetal Pancreatic Cell Clusters
  • Research • Medicine
    3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
  • Research • Medicine
    A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting Saliva and Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase in Frail Community Residing Older Adults via Family Caregivers
  • Research • Medicine
    Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Research • Medicine
    Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Retinal Surgical Specimens Using jouRNAl
  • Research • Medicine
    Improved Protocol For Laser Microdissection Of Human Pancreatic Islets From Surgical Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Activation Using Respiratory Motor Control Assessment (RMCA) in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
  • Research • Medicine
    Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing
  • Research • Medicine
    Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Children
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting And Measuring Wound Exudate Biochemical Mediators In Surgical Wounds
  • Research • Medicine
    A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
  • Research • Medicine
    Using a Chemical Biopsy for Graft Quality Assessment
  • Research • Medicine
    Characterizing Exon Skipping Efficiency in DMD Patient Samples in Clinical Trials of Antisense Oligonucleotides
  • Research • Medicine
    In Vitro Assessment of Cardiac Function Using Skinned Cardiomyocytes
  • Research • Medicine
    Normothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Vascular Control Mechanisms Utilizing Video Microscopy of Isolated Resistance Arteries of Rats
  • Research • Medicine
    Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) for Research; Obtaining Adequate Sample Yield
  • Research • Medicine
    Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
  • Research • Medicine
    Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
  • Research • Medicine
    Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods
  • Research • Medicine
    Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
  • Research • Medicine
    Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
  • Research • Medicine
    The Use of Primary Human Fibroblasts for Monitoring Mitochondrial Phenotypes in the Field of Parkinson's Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection Protocol for Human Pancreas
  • Research • Medicine
    The α-test: Rapid Cell-free CD4 Enumeration Using Whole Saliva
  • Research • Medicine
    The Measurement and Treatment of Suppression in Amblyopia
  • Research • Medicine
    Corneal Donor Tissue Preparation for Endothelial Keratoplasty
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT)
  • Research • Medicine
    Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
  • Research • Medicine
    Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation
  • Research • Medicine
    Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System
  • Research • Medicine
    Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
  • Research • Medicine
    Method to Measure Tone of Axial and Proximal Muscle
  • Research • Medicine
    The Trier Social Stress Test Protocol for Inducing Psychological Stress
  • Research • Medicine
    Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    Multifocal Electroretinograms
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantification of Pulmonary Perfusion using Calibrated Arterial Spin Labeling
  • Research • Medicine
    Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
  • Research • Medicine
    A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
  • Research • Medicine
    An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System
  • Research • Medicine
    Corneal Confocal Microscopy: A Novel Non-invasive Technique to Quantify Small Fibre Pathology in Peripheral Neuropathies
  • Research • Medicine
    Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI
  • Research • Medicine
    Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology
  • Research • Medicine
    Technique to Collect Fungiform (Taste) Papillae from Human Tongue
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000
  • Research • Medicine
    Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery
  • Research • Medicine
    An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
  • Research • Biology
    Bioelectric Analyses of an Osseointegrated Intelligent Implant Design System for Amputees
  • Research • Biology
    Demonstration of Cutaneous Allodynia in Association with Chronic Pelvic Pain
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