वास्तविक समय fMRI Biofeedback संदूषण चिंता के लिए orbitofrontal प्रांतस्था का लक्ष्य निर्धारण

Summary

यहाँ हम प्रशिक्षण के लिए एक मस्तिष्क संदूषण चिंता में शामिल क्षेत्र नियंत्रण के लोगों के लिए और संदूषण चिंता और मस्तिष्क कनेक्टिविटी पैटर्न के बीच संबंधों की जांच के लिए एक विधि प्रस्तुत करते हैं.

Abstract

We present a method for training subjects to control activity in a region of their orbitofrontal cortex associated with contamination anxiety using biofeedback of real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rt-fMRI) data. Increased activity of this region is seen in relationship with contamination anxiety both in control subjects¹ and in individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD),² a relatively common and often debilitating psychiatric disorder involving contamination anxiety. Although many brain regions have been implicated in OCD, abnormality in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is one of the most consistent findings.^{3, 4} Furthermore, hyperactivity in the OFC has been found to correlate with OCD symptom severity⁵ and decreases in hyperactivity in this region have been reported to correlate with decreased symptom severity.⁶ Therefore, the ability to control this brain area may translate into clinical improvements in obsessive-compulsive symptoms including contamination anxiety. Biofeedback of rt-fMRI data is a new technique in which the temporal pattern of activity in a specific region (or associated with a specific distributed pattern of brain activity) in a subject’s brain is provided as a feedback signal to the subject. Recent reports indicate that people are able to develop control over the activity of specific brain areas when provided with rt-fMRI biofeedback.^7-12 In particular, several studies using this technique to target brain areas involved in emotion processing have reported success in training subjects to control these regions.^13-18 In several cases, rt-fMRI biofeedback training has been reported to induce cognitive, emotional, or clinical changes in subjects.^{8, 9, 13, 19} Here we illustrate this technique as applied to the treatment of contamination anxiety in healthy subjects. This biofeedback intervention will be a valuable basic research tool: it allows researchers to perturb brain function, measure the resulting changes in brain dynamics and relate those to changes in contamination anxiety or other behavioral measures. In addition, the establishment of this method serves as a first step towards the investigation of fMRI-based biofeedback as a therapeutic intervention for OCD. Given that approximately a quarter of patients with OCD receive little benefit from the currently available forms of treatment,^20-22 and that those who do benefit rarely recover completely, new approaches for treating this population are urgently needed.

Protocol

1. उत्तेजना विकास व्यापक उत्तेजना के विकास की जरूरत है. संदूषण से संबंधित और तटस्थ छवियों और एकत्र होना चाहिए करने के लिए सुनिश्चित संचालित इन उत्तेजनाओं से प्रेरित चिंता उकसाव शर्?…

Discussion

वास्तविक समय fMRI डेटा के Biofeedback एक नई तकनीक है और अधिक काम करने के लिए इस विधि को अनुकूलित के रूप में विषयों में सीखने को अधिकतम करने के लिए की जरूरत है. हाल के अध्ययनों से रन या सत्र स्कैनिंग, ^{14, 18, ​​27} के वि?…