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Medicine

两种方法从子宫切除标本小学建立人子宫内膜基质细胞

Published: May 23, 2014 doi: 10.3791/51513
* These authors contributed equally

Summary

建立基层子宫内膜间质细胞培养系统从子宫切除标本是追求研究的目的繁多前一个有价值的生物技术和关键的一步。在这里,我们描述了两种方法用于建立从人类患者手术切除的子宫内膜组织间质文化。

Abstract

许多努力,一直致力于建立体外细胞培养系统。这些系统被设计来模拟体内过程的广大。从人类子宫内膜样产生的细胞培养系统也不例外。应用范围从正常循环生理过程的子宫内膜病变如妇科癌症,感染性疾病和生殖缺陷。在这里,我们提供了两种方法从手术切除的子宫内膜子宫切除标本建立初级子宫内膜间质细胞。第一种方法被称为“刮法”,并采用机械刮削使用手术或刀片而第二种方法被称为“胰蛋白酶的方法”,这后一种方法使用胰蛋白酶的酶活性,以促进细胞的分离和主细胞生长。我们通过数字图像和显微说明一步一步的方法。我们还providË例子通过实时定量聚合酶链反应(定量PCR)和免疫荧光(IF)验证子宫内膜间质细胞系。

Introduction

人类子宫语料库包括三个层,所述perimetrium(或浆膜),子宫肌层和子宫内膜。区分每一层是建立子宫内膜细胞系的重要一步。该perimetrium是子宫的最外层和薄,浆液性细胞组成。子宫肌层是子宫的厚,中间层和由平滑肌细胞。子宫内膜被确定为子宫的内层和包括上皮和基质细胞群体。

子宫内膜被进一步细分为basalis层的干细胞群是假设重新填充层泛函分析大约每28天1次。人类子宫内膜的一层泛函分析经历响应循环激素显著生化和形态学改变。这些激素是来自垂体和卵巢。

该协调生产和激素的释放结果在一个生殖周期。生殖周期的目的是准备子宫内膜潜在的胚胎着床的事件。在人类中,生殖周期被称为“月经周期”而分为三个阶段 - 增殖,分泌,和月经。增生期涉及子宫内膜泛函分析层的扩散,而分泌期的特点是成熟泛函分析。具体而言,细胞外的改变,分泌物和细胞分化信号的电位注入。如果植入分泌期结束前不会发生,子宫内膜泛函分析层是在月经期脱落。月经和触发泛函分析层脱落事件的重要性仍存在争议。在人类中,已经提出了月经是已知的特定分泌中期阶段分化事件的结果作为“自发蜕膜”2。在这个手稿中,我们提供详细的方法为子宫内膜间质细胞的分离方法,用免疫荧光和数字图像的组合,以证明这些方法的功效。此外,我们采用一种常用自发蜕膜的体外模型,以确认子宫内膜间质细胞的分离。

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Protocol

在这个手稿中使用子宫切除标本的和谐与编号IRB-HSR#14424一个大学IRB批准的道德协议。

1,从临床来源样品采集

  1. 开始前获得政府和机构为基础的道德准则和批准文件。
  2. 开展在无菌条件下的所有步骤。
  3. 在50ml管中保存患者来源组织中的介质(RPMI或DMEM /高糖)中在4℃下,如果样品不能在培养立即处理。样本可以被存储在该状态下,最多24小时。
  4. 用1X无菌磷酸盐缓冲盐水(PBS)冲洗组织样品3次,弃洗涤液之间的溶液。

2,制备用刮法原代细胞系

  1. 加4-10毫升的生长培养基(RPMI或DMEM /高糖补充有10%胎牛血清和1%青霉素 - 链霉菌霉素),以组织并添加两性霉素(0.25μg/ ml的终浓度)处理30分钟。
  2. 弃去生长培养基。
  3. 用1X PBS洗两次组织。
  4. 上放置一个6cm细胞培养板的组织肌层和内膜层(参见图2A-2C详细说明)之间进行区分。分开的子宫内膜。
  5. 用手术刀或刀片,横切组织切成小块,而搔抓到6厘米细胞培养皿。这些划痕促进新兴初级子宫内膜细胞的附着。相比于胰蛋白酶的方法,更多的组织是必要的(参见图2D为近似值)。
  6. 轻轻地,加入2ml生长介质,以抓菜(组织碎片将是可见的,并从抓运动非常固定的)。
  7. 该板件(次)转移到指定细胞培养孵化器中(37℃和5%CO 2)。指定用于原代细胞系的地方,远离OTH呃细胞培养皿。原代培养物是对感染和污染更敏感。
  8. 日常的检查在光学显微镜下的细胞。细胞小群体应该通过两天或三个来自各地的组织切片出现(见图3B)。
  9. 为了保持文化,用1X PBS轻轻地洗,并添加新鲜培养基(2毫升),每三天。当细胞增殖速率的增加,额外的生长培养基(3-4毫升)可以被添加到该6厘米培养板(次)。
    注意:在洗涤和媒体的变化,组织碎片将有可能被吸出。这不会影响粘附细胞的生长。组织块应该由后续步骤(2.10)被吸入作为新的殖民地不大可能一周后出现。
  10. 当6厘米板是约75 -用0.05%胰蛋白酶80%汇合(见图3B),通道。原代细胞不能无限期传 - 定格下来的细胞中的一块板,只要两三个板块是马intained。如果有更多的通道是必需的,遵循一个永生化协议(参考文献3审阅)。

3,制备使用胰蛋白酶的方法原代细胞系

  1. 放置一小块子宫内膜组织(参见图2D为近似值)在2毫升0.25%胰蛋白酶的补充有卡那霉素(0.03毫克/毫升的最终浓度)。
  2. 组织培养在37℃的旋转平台上30分钟。
  3. 短暂涡旋振荡组织。
  4. 离心样品在200-400×g离心2分钟,弃去上清液。
  5. 加入新鲜的胰蛋白酶和卡那霉素。
  6. 孵育所述组织在37℃,在旋转的同时对一个小时。
  7. VORTEX组织为5-10秒。
  8. 加生长培养基(补充有10%胎牛血清和1%青霉素 - 链霉素)2ml的去激活胰蛋白酶。
  9. 离心机的细胞在200-400 XG为2-3分钟。
  10. 弃上清,加入2ml成长日媒体到沉淀的细胞。
  11. 板放置一个6cm细胞培养皿。刮痧板如准备原代细胞系用刮法步骤2.5是没有必要的,但提高原代培养的依恋和生长。
  12. 每日监控在光学显微镜下的细胞。细胞通常可见在光学显微镜下24-48小时之后(参见图3C)。
  13. 为了保持文化,监测细胞和改变介质每2-3天,如步骤2.9。
  14. 到通道的细胞,用0.05%或0.25%的胰蛋白酶,当细胞达到75-80%汇合(见图3C)。

4,节省额外的组织的分析(快速冷冻和福尔马林固定)

  1. 用1X PBS洗两次采样。
  2. 吸尽可能多的液体越好。
  3. 对于快速冷冻,将子宫内膜组织样本中1.7离心管(见图2F和2G)。将1.7离心管中的液体氮,持续10秒或直到它可以看出,在组织已经冻结了。
    注:样品制备时要小心,不要直接接触液态氮。样品可以贮存于-80℃直到进一步的处理或分析。
  4. 对于福尔马林固定,剪一小块子宫内膜组织(见图2H),并淹没在10%缓冲福尔马林锌。 24小时后,弃去福尔马林,并添加70%的乙醇,以组织样品直到进一步处理。

5,免疫荧光(IF)

  1. 细胞固定
    1. 准备在培养片或板单元。
    2. 轻轻地,洗涤细胞用1X PBS。
    3. 5分钟加预冷(4℃)甲醇和丙酮(混合比例为1:1)。
    4. 继续操作之前,空气干燥的幻灯片。幻灯片可以被存储在4℃下持续1-2周,如果需要。
  2. 中频处理
    1. 水化细胞用1X PBS 10分钟。对于FOllowing步骤1-6,进行一个旋转平台上的所有清洗和孵化。
    2. 使用1X PBS块补充有1%牛血清白蛋白(BSA)和1%的物种特异性血清(2 抗体源)处理30分钟,在室温(RT)。
    3. 在孵育一抗(参见制造商的抗体稀释的建议)。参阅材料特异性抗体。稀释的第一抗体在新鲜封闭缓冲液,如步骤5.2.2。孵育可以在RT或过夜,4℃下进行至少2小时
    4. 对于每次5分钟洗涤3次,用1×PBS。
    5. 在孵育二抗(参见制造商的抗体稀释的建议)。稀释的第二抗体在新鲜封闭缓冲液,如步骤5.2.2。为了防止光致漂白,要进行这个和随后的步骤在不存在光的是很重要的。
    6. 对于每次5分钟洗涤3次,用1×PBS。
    7. ThoroughlŸ干的幻灯片。
    8. 新增安装介质和DAPI复染的解决方案。
    9. 适用盖玻片,用密封胶(S)密封边缘。幻灯片可以保存在4℃下在黑暗中长达2周。

6,RNA提取

  1. 沉淀1×10 7细胞通过离心分离。所有的材料和试剂在本议定书应无RNA酶。
  2. 裂解细胞在1ml TRIZOL试剂,孵育匀浆样品10分钟,在室温下完成核蛋白复合物的解离。
  3. 加入200μl氯仿每1ml TRIzol的。用力摇晃手,持续15秒后,于室温2-3分钟。
  4. 以最大速度离心(15000×g离心)处理1​​5分钟,在4℃下三层将导致。
  5. 传输最佳水相到一个新的离心管中。加入1μl糖原增加RNA产量;然而,这一步只需要小的时候预计RNA的量。
  6. 加入0.5毫升的异丙醇到水层中,并颠倒样品的3-5倍。孵育的样品在室温下10分钟。为了增加产量,样品可以被放置在-20℃或-80℃,30分钟。
  7. 以最大速度离心10分钟,在4℃下
  8. 在这一点上,小球团的RNA应该是可见的。弃上清。
  9. 用1毫升75%乙醇洗涤RNA。
  10. 以最大速度离心5分钟,弃上清。样品可以洗涤一次以去除无机污染物,但此步骤不是必要的。
  11. 简单地说,干燥RNA沉淀,直到RNA沉淀干燥(一般需要7-10分钟)。
    注意:一个附加的步骤可以被用于降低无机物质和减少干燥时间。后从乙醇洗涤,脱水样品在最大速度为额外分钟和抽吸残留液弃去上清。小心不要吸入颗粒。
  12. 溶解RNA在无RNA酶的水,这取决于RNA沉淀的大小。体积通常为10-50微升。
  13. 孵育的样品在55℃下进行10分钟,并测量RNA的浓度。
  14. 样品储存在-20°C,直到进一步的处理。

7,反转录

  1. 使样品的RNA(1-3微克)至9微升体积用H 2 O。
  2. 热核糖核酸至70℃10分钟。
  3. 要生成的AMV主结构,结合下列试剂:5微升的dNTP(50μM的工作浓度),5微升的N6的DNA寡核苷酸(80μm的工作浓度),5微升的5X AMV缓冲液和1微升的AMV 。这预混液是每一个样本而设计的。
  4. 加入16微升的主结构被加热的RNA。最终反应体积为25μl的反应。
  5. 使用下面的PCR条件进行反转录:(阶段1)42℃下90分钟,(站戈2)95℃下进行5分钟,和(阶段3)4℃直至进一步处理。

8,实时定量PCR

  1. 使用引物,退火温度,循环次数,和试剂在表1中找到进行PCR反应。
    注:这是理想的使用PCR试 ​​剂(指公司和产品目录中的材料数量)时,需要遵循制造商的说明。

9。 在体外蜕膜协议(来自参考文献45派生)

  1. 板子宫内膜细胞。
  2. 长到75-85%汇合一。
  3. 后的细胞汇合,用1X PBS洗涤一次。
  4. 很快,添加无激素培养基(无苯酚RPMI补充有5%的木炭条FBS和1%青霉素 - 链霉素)。
  5. 24小时后,加入以1μM和8-溴腺苷3的终浓度添加有醋酸甲羟孕酮(MPA)激素免费媒体',5'环腺苷(cAMP)在0.5mM的最终浓度。
  6. 后至少48小时,使反应停止,并保存所述板(次)进行进一步处理。

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Representative Results

所强调的协议部分,一定处理和准备人体组织时进行下政府的所有方法,制度和道德准则。

包括在这个手稿是“刮法”的一般工作流程的示意图( 图1A)和用于建立初级子宫内膜文化“的胰蛋白酶法”( 图1B)。这些方法进行了详细的协议部分中描述(参见部分1 - 3)。这两种方法都证明是成功的首要子宫内膜培养物的生长。其优点为“刮削法”是缩短准备时间;然而,它需要观察活细胞的时间通常为2 - 4倍的时间相比,“胰蛋白酶的方法。”

提供从采购组织收到的初步人体组织的数字图像。子宫层可以通过区分该层的粗度, 子宫肌层厚,肌肉发达,子宫内膜薄,更高产。我们已经强调厚,平滑肌层(子宫肌层)的白色和概括的黑色利益子宫内膜层从两个不同子宫切除标本( 图2A和2B)。图2C中 ,组织中的取向与肌层朝上,而子宫内膜被定位下来。薄,perimetrial层,手术切除,并在这些图像不突出。同样重要的是要注意,内膜层在这些数字的2维图像的大小被曲解为相比子宫肌层的实际的3维层是非常薄的。

切割适当的组织的大小是两个“刮法”和重要的“胰蛋白酶的方法。”在图2D中 ,适当的尺寸被指定为各个样本上述每一种方法。使用一个0.5x00.5×0.5厘米的为“胰蛋白酶法”[左]足以建立一种文化。该代表开始组织为“刮法”[右],包括子宫全层。为“刮法”的最终产物是代表在图2E中 ,并且被建议至少1x1x1子宫内膜组织厘米被用来建立可行的培养物。对于这么多的组织样品的要求是一个缺点“刮法。”

剩余的组织通常用在许多方面,包括蛋白质和RNA的分析。为确保保护组织的质量,使用“快速冷冻”的方法为在协议部分(见4)是很重要的。这种方法也示于图2F图2G。由福尔马林固定保存额外的组织也是病理学家和研究人员的普遍做法。对于福尔马林固定组织准备在议定书中被描述图2H所示。

光学显微镜是用于监测初级子宫内膜文化必不可少的。个体子宫内膜间质细胞应该具有成纤维细胞形态( 图3A)。 “该刮法”通常会产生集群初新兴的细胞,主要是沿着手术刀引起的划痕( 图3B,2天)。 “胰蛋白酶法”同时生成集群和分散的细胞生长方式( 图3C,4日)。我们已列出了几种有代表性的图像从初始电镀(第0天),以每一种方法( 图3B和3C)的第一通道。

许多组织都通过其的组织特异性标记物,如平滑肌肌动蛋白(SMA),用于平滑肌,CD34免疫干细胞等表达定义虽然基因和蛋白表达的实验已经进行了子宫内膜6-11,连接dometrial基质细胞特异性标记还没有被发现。相反,研究人员通常通过测量细胞的潜在污染物指标评估子宫内膜间质纯度。例如,细胞角蛋白标记物用于显示上皮种群。然而,这是较少关心的,因为建立和维持子宫内膜上皮细胞是困难的,并且通常针对(参考文献12图4A)中选择。如果样品是怀孕,HLA-A阳性表达过程中获得,-B,-C演示胚芽,滋养细胞13。在另一方面,像其他间质成纤维细胞,子宫内膜间质细胞表达波形蛋白(CDH1)。我们证明与免疫荧光法,波形蛋白的表达,在我们建立的子宫内膜间质细胞( 图4B)无细胞角蛋白和E钙粘蛋白(CDH1)的。

最后,我们提供初级子宫内膜文化功能的证据通过IÑ ​​体外自发蜕膜检测。这种方法改编自号45,并涉及处理培养物与醋酸甲羟孕酮(MPA)和8的组合-溴腺苷3',5'-环一磷酸(cAMP)的(在9中所描述的体外蜕膜协议和建模图5A)。在MPA和cAMP的存在下,子宫内膜间质细胞表现出显著改变基因表达图谱(见参考文献14综述)。经常自发公布的蜕膜标记是催乳素(PRL)胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1(IGFBP1)(参考文献14审阅)。这两个基因对MPA和cAMP反应都是自发的​​蜕膜和成功建立子宫内膜间质文化的有力指标。我们证明这一点在图5B。


图1示意图的两个主内膜分离方法。 (一)步骤中的组织结构图中显示的刮法2.1-2.10(B)步骤中的组织结构图中显示的胰蛋白酶法3.1-3.14。 点击这里查看大图。

图2
图2。处理子宫组织。 (AC)从两个女性患者临床子宫标本。A和C都来源于病人1 B是从患者2得出。手术切除的子宫组织(左)和highlighteð子宫层(右)。(A和B)子宫肌层中环绕,白色和子宫内膜的黑色。(三)子宫肌层面对相机(D)初始代表性的子宫内膜样本量为隔离的方法表示。胰蛋白酶方法需要纯内膜此外,胰蛋白酶,而之前的刮法可以采用全子宫标本。刮法的处理子宫内膜样(E)(F&G),用于捕捉正在准备其余的子宫组织的形象冻结。显示的是用于这种方法在实验室制造的金属容器。(H)子宫内膜样福尔马林固定。 点击这里查看大图。

图3 图3。子宫内膜小学文化的光学显微镜图像。 (A)在不同的权力和汇合采取子宫内膜间质细胞培养的代表性图像(B)刮法(天0 - 16)的代表图像拍摄同一培养皿中,在供电的10倍注:视觉线表示从划痕手术刀片胰蛋白酶法(三)代表图像。(天0 - 16)采取了相同的培养皿中,供电电压为10倍的点击这里查看大图。

图4
图4。子宫内膜间质细胞的免疫荧光图像。 (一)免疫荧光原发性子宫内膜文化通过刮法分离。图片展示角蛋白通道2(P2)和通道5(P5)之间的损失。早幼粒细胞白血病蛋白(PML)核蛋白质和DAPI染色作为对照(B)图片显示出阳性的间充质标志物波形蛋白。图片还显示阴性染色对于E钙粘蛋白(CDH1)和细胞角蛋白。染色的DAPI和早幼粒细胞白血病蛋白(PML)分别作为对照。 点击这里查看大图。

图5
图5。两个主要的子宫内膜间质细胞的自发蜕膜。催乳素(一)大纲的实验程序。(B)上调(PRL)和胰岛素样生长因子响应于MPA和cAMP结合蛋白1(IGFBP1)基因的表达。结果通过RT-qPCR的测量,并表达标准化为GAPDH。使用学生t-检验(P <0.001 ***和P <0.0001 ****)的意义进行了计算。这两种细胞系,用刮法分离得到。 点击这里查看大图。

底漆序列退火温度(°C) 周期化验
泌乳素(PRL)远期 CATATTGCGATCCTGGAATGAGC 60 40 Sybrgreen
泌乳素(PRL)反向 TCCTCAATCTCTACAGCTTTGGA 60 40 Sybrgreen
胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1(IGFBP1)向前 TCCTTTGGGACGCCATCAGTAC 60 40 Sybrgreen
胰岛素样生长因子结合蛋白1(IGFBP1)反向 GATGTCTCCTGTGCCTTGGCTA 60 40 Sybrgreen
GAPDH 未指定(见试剂表) 60 40 的Taqman

表1 PCR反应条件为蜕膜标记。

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Discussion

其它基团所描述的,并适于方法对子宫内膜间质培养物,其中大部分利用胶原酶4,12,13,15-18的制备。在这个手稿中,我们提供的方法和证据为2的简化主子宫内膜间质培养的方法,这两者都是由本实验室利用出于经济原因和胰蛋白酶和/或刀片的方便可用的。

当我们比较两种方法,既成功地生成可行的原代培养。我们首选的方法是胰蛋白酶方法通常有更高的收益率以较小的样本量的要求。但是,如果准备时间是有限的,刮法要求30分钟而使用的胰蛋白酶法电镀细胞需要一个多小时半。

还值得注意的是,我们证明这些方法有子宫切除术的样品,而不是子宫内膜活检。子宫内膜生物psies采取无显著入侵,往往产生较小的标本。不过,在这个手稿(特​​别是胰蛋白酶法)描述的方法应该产生子宫内膜活检文化。

有许多应用程序的初级子宫内膜间质细胞。从人类与其他哺乳动物相比子宫内膜间质文化可以提供线索,已经争论了几个世纪以来关于人类为什么月经的问题。有需要在体外培养其他未开发的生理学研究。特别令人感兴趣的是提供见解的生殖周期事件,例如已连接的后生分子事件的生殖周期19,20,21的功能活动,并在参考文献11审阅结论的发现。

医生会从研究子宫内膜间质文化和鉴定生物标志物大大受益S IN生殖系统紊乱和癌症恶性肿瘤的实例。 2006年至2010年,据报道,740万妇女和他们的合作伙伴,在美国22使用不孕症服务。不孕不育的一个显著%的是由于蜕膜23的故障。此外,子宫内膜疾病如增生和子宫内膜异位症不孕之间的关系,只在最近被评估。通过体外模型来研究子宫妇科癌症的能力也是非常宝贵的,因为即使晚期子宫内膜肉瘤是罕见的,也可以是致命的。通过建立体外原代培养物中,我们研究与疾病相关的分子事件的影响,并能产生推定的临床应用。

总之,产生代表和有效的体内模型对这些应用是困难的。这使得发展体外子宫内膜小学文化的几个研究在体内的功能是至关重要的。这两种子宫内膜分离方法,“刮法”和“胰蛋白酶法”,将有助于提供立足于我们的子宫内膜的生理和病理的理解。

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Disclosures

作者没有披露。

Acknowledgments

我们感谢党邵族博士和她的实验室成员的协同努力利用其成像和显微设备。我们也感谢Biorepository和组织研究基金(BTRF)核心,杰夫·哈珀,居民在弗吉尼亚大学为我们提供子宫组织。我们感谢卡罗尔Szlachta的帮助示意图。

Materials

Name Company Catalog Number Comments
0.25 Trypsin or 0.05% Trypsin  Hyclone SH3023602 or SH30004202
1.7 micro Centrifuge Tube   Genesee Scientific 22-272A
1 µl, 20 µl, 200 ml and 1,000 µl Pipette   Genesee Scientific 24-401,24-402, 24-412, 24-430
15 ml Conical Tube  Hyclone 339650
50 ml Conical Tube  Hyclone 339652
6 cm Cell Culture Dish  Thermo scientific 12-556-002
8 well Chambers  Thermo Scientific AB-4162
Acetate  Fisher scientific C4-100
AMV RT Enzyme/Buffer  Bio Labs M077L
Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA)  Fisher Scientific BP-1605-100
Buffered Zinc Formalin  Thermo 59201ZF
Charcoal strip FBS  Fisher NC9019735
Chloroform  Fisher Scientific BP1145-1
Cover slip  Fisher Brand 12-544D
Cyclic AMP (cAMP)  Sigma B7880
DMEM/High Glucose  Hyclone SH30243FS
dNTP  Bioline BIO-39025
Donkey Anti Goat -TRITC  Santa Cruz SC-3855
Donkey Serum  Jackson’s lab 017-000-002
E Cadherin Antibody   Epitomics 1702-1
Ethanol  Fisher Scientific BP2818-1
Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS)  Fisher Scientific 03-600-511
Fungizone Amphotericin B  Gibco 15290-018
GAPDH Probe  Life Technologies HS99999905
Glycogen  5Prime 2301440
Goat Anti Mouse - FITC  Jackson’s Lab 115-096-003
Isopropanol  Fisher Scientific BP2618-1
Kanamycin   Fisher Scientific BP906-5
Medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA)  Sigma M1629
MeOH (Methanol)  Fisher Scientific A4-08-1
Mounting Media (w/DAPI)  Vector Labratories H-1500
N6 DNA Oligos  Invitrogen
Number 15 Scraper   BD 371615
Pan Cytokeratin  Mouse mAB  Cell Signaling 4545
PBS (phosphate buffered saline)  Fisher Scientific BP-399-4
Penicillin-Streptomycin Glutamine Solution 100X   Hyclone SV30082.01
PML Anti Goat Anti body  Santa Cruz SC-9862
Primer(s)  Eurofins
RPMI  Hyclone SH30027FS
RPMI (Phenol free)  Gibco 11835
Sybr Green   Thermo Scientific AB-4162
Taqman  Thermo AB-4138
Trizol  Life Technologies 15596018
Vimentin Antibody  Epitomics 4211-1

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Tags

医药,87期,子宫,子宫内膜,子宫内膜间质,(初级)细胞培养,手术刀片,胰蛋白酶,组织采购,自发蜕膜
两种方法从子宫切除标本小学建立人子宫内膜基质细胞
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Cite this Article

Jividen, K., Movassagh, M. J.,More

Jividen, K., Movassagh, M. J., Jazaeri, A., Li, H. Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens. J. Vis. Exp. (87), e51513, doi:10.3791/51513 (2014).

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    A Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cell-based Model of the Human Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier to Study Bacterial Infection from the Basolateral Side
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Profiling of MicroRNA-containing Exosomes from Human Bile
  • Research • Medicine
    Generation of Microtumors Using 3D Human Biogel Culture System and Patient-derived Glioblastoma Cells for Kinomic Profiling and Drug Response Testing
  • Research • Medicine
    Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test
  • Research • Medicine
    Using a Laminating Technique to Perform Confocal Microscopy of the Human Sclera
  • Research • Medicine
    Intravenous Endotoxin Challenge in Healthy Humans: An Experimental Platform to Investigate and Modulate Systemic Inflammation
  • Research • Medicine
    Modeling and Simulations of Olfactory Drug Delivery with Passive and Active Controls of Nasally Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols
  • Research • Medicine
    Exosomal miRNA Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients' Plasma Through qPCR: A Feasible Liquid Biopsy Tool
  • Research • Medicine
    A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
  • Research • Medicine
    Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Toddlers - Resting and Developmental Challenges
  • Research • Medicine
    Using Saccadometry with Deep Brain Stimulation to Study Normal and Pathological Brain Function
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantitative Fundus Autofluorescence for the Evaluation of Retinal Diseases
  • Research • Medicine
    Diagnosis of Musculus Gastrocnemius Tightness - Key Factors for the Clinical Examination
  • Research • Medicine
    Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy (SEEG) With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
  • Research • Medicine
    Using an Ingestible Telemetric Temperature Pill to Assess Gastrointestinal Temperature During Exercise
  • Research • Medicine
    Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe)
  • Research • Medicine
    MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
  • Research • Medicine
    Functional Human Liver Preservation and Recovery by Means of Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion
  • Research • Medicine
    A Multicenter MRI Protocol for the Evaluation and Quantification of Deep Vein Thrombosis
  • Research • Medicine
    Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test
  • Research • Medicine
    Use of Electromagnetic Navigational Transthoracic Needle Aspiration (E-TTNA) for Sampling of Lung Nodules
  • Research • Medicine
    Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye
  • Research • Medicine
    In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
  • Research • Medicine
    Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy
  • Research • Medicine
    Human Brown Adipose Tissue Depots Automatically Segmented by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Registered Magnetic Resonance Images
  • Research • Medicine
    Preparation and Respirometric Assessment of Mitochondria Isolated from Skeletal Muscle Tissue Obtained by Percutaneous Needle Biopsy
  • Research • Medicine
    A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Immortalization of Patient-derived Cell Lines from Muscle Biopsy for Disease Modeling
  • Research • Medicine
    State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates
  • Research • Medicine
    Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
  • Research • Medicine
    The Supraclavicular Fossa Ultrasound View for Central Venous Catheter Placement and Catheter Change Over Guidewire
  • Research • Medicine
    Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research
  • Research • Medicine
    Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    A Neuroscientific Approach to the Examination of Concussions in Student-Athletes
  • Research • Medicine
    DTI of the Visual Pathway - White Matter Tracts and Cerebral Lesions
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
  • Research • Medicine
    A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
  • Research • Medicine
    Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults
  • Research • Medicine
    Multi-electrode Array Recordings of Human Epileptic Postoperative Cortical Tissue
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection and Extraction of Saliva DNA for Next Generation Sequencing
  • Research • Medicine
    Fast and Accurate Exhaled Breath Ammonia Measurement
  • Research • Medicine
    Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
  • Research • Medicine
    Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing
  • Research • Medicine
    Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
  • Research • Medicine
    EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
  • Research • Medicine
    The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas
  • Research • Medicine
    Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
  • Research • Medicine
    Lesion Explorer: A Video-guided, Standardized Protocol for Accurate and Reliable MRI-derived Volumetrics in Alzheimer's Disease and Normal Elderly
  • Research • Medicine
    Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation, Culture, and Imaging of Human Fetal Pancreatic Cell Clusters
  • Research • Medicine
    3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
  • Research • Medicine
    A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting Saliva and Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase in Frail Community Residing Older Adults via Family Caregivers
  • Research • Medicine
    Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Research • Medicine
    Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Retinal Surgical Specimens Using jouRNAl
  • Research • Medicine
    Improved Protocol For Laser Microdissection Of Human Pancreatic Islets From Surgical Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Activation Using Respiratory Motor Control Assessment (RMCA) in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
  • Research • Medicine
    Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing
  • Research • Medicine
    Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Children
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting And Measuring Wound Exudate Biochemical Mediators In Surgical Wounds
  • Research • Medicine
    A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
  • Research • Medicine
    Using a Chemical Biopsy for Graft Quality Assessment
  • Research • Medicine
    Characterizing Exon Skipping Efficiency in DMD Patient Samples in Clinical Trials of Antisense Oligonucleotides
  • Research • Medicine
    In Vitro Assessment of Cardiac Function Using Skinned Cardiomyocytes
  • Research • Medicine
    Normothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Vascular Control Mechanisms Utilizing Video Microscopy of Isolated Resistance Arteries of Rats
  • Research • Medicine
    Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) for Research; Obtaining Adequate Sample Yield
  • Research • Medicine
    Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
  • Research • Medicine
    Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
  • Research • Medicine
    Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods
  • Research • Medicine
    Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
  • Research • Medicine
    Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
  • Research • Medicine
    The Use of Primary Human Fibroblasts for Monitoring Mitochondrial Phenotypes in the Field of Parkinson's Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection Protocol for Human Pancreas
  • Research • Medicine
    The α-test: Rapid Cell-free CD4 Enumeration Using Whole Saliva
  • Research • Medicine
    The Measurement and Treatment of Suppression in Amblyopia
  • Research • Medicine
    Corneal Donor Tissue Preparation for Endothelial Keratoplasty
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT)
  • Research • Medicine
    Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
  • Research • Medicine
    Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation
  • Research • Medicine
    Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System
  • Research • Medicine
    Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
  • Research • Medicine
    Method to Measure Tone of Axial and Proximal Muscle
  • Research • Medicine
    The Trier Social Stress Test Protocol for Inducing Psychological Stress
  • Research • Medicine
    Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    Multifocal Electroretinograms
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantification of Pulmonary Perfusion using Calibrated Arterial Spin Labeling
  • Research • Medicine
    Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
  • Research • Medicine
    A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
  • Research • Medicine
    An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System
  • Research • Medicine
    Corneal Confocal Microscopy: A Novel Non-invasive Technique to Quantify Small Fibre Pathology in Peripheral Neuropathies
  • Research • Medicine
    Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI
  • Research • Medicine
    Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology
  • Research • Medicine
    Technique to Collect Fungiform (Taste) Papillae from Human Tongue
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000
  • Research • Medicine
    Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery
  • Research • Medicine
    An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
  • Research • Biology
    Bioelectric Analyses of an Osseointegrated Intelligent Implant Design System for Amputees
  • Research • Biology
    Demonstration of Cutaneous Allodynia in Association with Chronic Pelvic Pain
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