Beurteilung der Herz Morphologische und funktionelle Veränderungen in Maus-Modell der Quer Aortakonstriktion durch Echokardiographie
Summary
Das Ziel dieses Protokolls ist es, nicht-invasiven Herz strukturelle und funktionelle Veränderungen in einem Mausmodell der Herzkrankheit durch Quer Aortakonstriktion geschaffen beurteilen zu können, unter Verwendung von B- und M-Mode-Echokardiographie und Farbe / Puls-Doppler-Bildgebung.
Abstract
Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) in mice has been used as a valuable model to study mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure1. A reliable noninvasive method is essential to assess real-time cardiac morphological and functional changes in animal models of heart disease. Transthoracic echocardiography represents an important tool for noninvasive assessment of cardiac structure and function2. Here we used a high-resolution ultrasound imaging system to monitor myocardial remodeling and heart failure progression over time in a mouse model of TAC. B-mode, M-mode, and Doppler imaging were used to precisely assess cardiac hypertrophy, ventricular dilatation, and functional deterioration in mice following TAC. Color and pulse wave (PW) Doppler imaging was used to noninvasively measure pressure gradient across the aortic constriction created by TAC and to assess transmitral blood flow in mice. Thus transthoracic echocardiographic imaging provides comprehensive noninvasive measurements of cardiac dimensions and function in mouse models of heart disease.
Introduction
Mouse models of heart disease, such as TAC and myocardial infarction (MI), have been proven to be valuable to study disease mechanisms as well as to develop novel therapeutic strategies3. TAC initially induces compensatory hypertrophy, but prolonged pressure overload leads to cardiac dilatation and heart failure4. The tightness of the aortic constriction directly determines the degree of cardiac hypertrophy and its transition to heart failure. Noninvasive and reliable measurement of pressure gradient across the aortic constriction is essential for the success of these studies. Doppler imaging has been used to assess pressure gradient produced by TAC5, which is a noninvasive alternative for catheter-based pressure measurement.
Echocardiography has been widely used to noninvasively measure cardiac morphology as well as systolic and diastolic function in mice6-8. Two-dimensional B-mode imaging is used to detect abnormal movements or structural changes of the heart. One-dimensional M-mode imaging is used for quantification of cardiac dimensions and contractility. Color and PW Doppler imaging has recently been used on rodent ultrasound, which has broad applications for echocardiography, including measurement of flow directionality and velocity, as well as systolic and diastolic performance9.
Longitudinal real-time monitoring of cardiac function using echocardiography in B-mode, M-mode, color and PW Doppler mode provides comprehensive assessment of cardiac structure and function in mice under physiological and pathological conditions. Here we provide a detailed description of the use of echocardiographic imaging to monitor dynamic cardiac morphological and functional changes in mice following TAC or sham surgery.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
Echokardiographie wurde in großem Umfang verwendet , um die Herzfunktion in Nagetiermodellen von Herzerkrankungen 2,6 beurteilen. Im Vergleich zu invasiven oder Terminal – Methoden wie Druck-Volumen – Schleifenmessung 11 und ex vivo Arbeits Herz 12, Echokardiographie bietet eine leistungsfähige, nichtinvasive Werkzeug zur Beurteilung laufenden Herz strukturelle und funktionelle Veränderungen in lebenden Tieren. Zur Gewinnung zuverlässiger Daten ist es wichtig , die Körperte…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Materials
| Anesthesia equipment | Harvard Apparatus, 84 October Hill Road Holliston, MA |
723015 | |
| Vevo 2100 Imaging System | VisualSonics Inc., 3080 Yonge Street Suite 6100, Box 66, Toronto, Ontario, Canada | Vevo 2100 | |
| Aquasonic ultrasound gel | Parker Laboratories, 286 Eldridge Rd, Fairfield, NJ | 03-50 | |
| Isoflurane | Piramal Healthcare, Inc, 3950 Schelden Circle Bethlehem, PA |
NDC 66794-017-25 | |
| F/air anesthesia gas filter unit | A.M. Bickford, Inc, 12318 Big Tree Rd, Wales Center, NY | 80120 |
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