Udviklingen af Silica Nanopartikel-polyester Belægninger på overflader udsat for sollys
Summary
To typer af overflader, polyester-overfladebehandlet stål og polyester belagt med et lag af silica nanopartikler, blev undersøgt. Begge overflader blev udsat for sollys, som viste sig at forårsage betydelige ændringer i kemi og nanoskala topografi af overfladen.
Abstract
Korrosion af metalliske overflader er udbredt i miljøet og er af stor bekymring i mange områder, herunder de militære, transport, luftfart, byggeri og fødevareindustrien, blandt andre. Polyester og overtræk indeholdende både polyester og silica nanopartikler (SiO2 NP'er) er ofte blevet brugt til at beskytte stål substrater mod korrosion. I denne undersøgelse, vi udnyttet røntgen fotoelektronspektroskopi, svækket total refleksion infrarød mikro-spektroskopi, vand kontakt vinkelmålinger, optisk profilering og atomic force mikroskopi at give et indblik i, hvordan udsættelse for sollys kan medføre ændringer i mikro- og nanoskala integritet af belægningerne. Ingen signifikant ændring i overfladen mikro-topografi blev påvist under anvendelse optisk profilometri blev imidlertid detekteret statistisk signifikante nanoskala ændringer overfladen med atomic force mikroskopi. Analyse af X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy og dæmpet totalreflektion infrarød mikro-spektroskopidata viste, at nedbrydningen af estergrupperne var sket ved eksponering for ultraviolet lys til dannelse COO ·, -H 2 C · -O ·, -CO · radikaler. Under nedbrydningen proces blev CO og CO2 også produceret.
Introduction
Environmental corrosion of metals in the environment is both prevalent and costly1-3. A recent study conducted by the Australasian Corrosion Association (ACA) reported that corrosion of metals resulted in a yearly cost of $982 million, which was directly associated with the degradation of assets and infrastructure through metallic corrosion within the water industry4. From an international perspective, the World Corrosion Organization estimated that metallic corrosion was responsible for a direct cost of $3.3 trillion, over 3% of the world’s GDP5. The process of galvanizing as a corrosion preventative method has been widely used to increase the lifespan of steel material6. In humid and subtropical climates, however, water tends to condense into small pockets or grooves within the surface of the galvanized steel, leading to the acceleration of corrosion rates through pit corrosion7,8. Thermosetting polymer coatings based on polyesters have been developed to coat the galvanized steel substrata increasing their ability to withstand humid weathering conditions for items such as satellite dishes, garden furniture, air-conditioning units or agricultural construction equipment9-11. Unfortunately polymer coatings on steel surfaces have been found to be considerably adversely affected by the presence of high levels of ultraviolet (uv) radiation12-14. Coatings comprised of silica nanoparticles (SiO2) spread over a polymer layer have been widely used with a view to increasing their corrosion-, wear-, tear- and degradation-resistance15,16. The tendency of the protective polymeric coatings to form pores and cracks can be reduced by incorporating nanoparticles (NPs), which contribute to the passive obstruction of corrosion initiation17,18. Also, the mechanical stability of the protective polymeric layer can be improved by NPs inclusion. However, these coatings act as passive physical barriers and, in comparison to the galvanization approach, cannot inhibit corrosion propagation actively.
An in-depth understanding of the effect that high-levels of ultraviolet light exposure under humid conditions upon these metal coatings is yet to be obtained. In this paper, a wide range of surface analytical techniques, including X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), attenuated total reflection infrared micro-spectroscopy (ATR IR), contact angle goniometry, optical profiling and atomic force microscopy (AFM) will be employed to examine the changes in the surface of steel coatings prepared from polyester- and silica nanoparticle-coated polyester (silica nanoparticles/polyester) after exposure to sunlight. Furthermore, the aim of this work is to give a concise, practical overview of the overall characterization techniques to examine weathered samples.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
Polyester belægninger er ofte blevet brugt til at beskytte stål substrater fra korrosion, som ville forekomme på en ubelagt overflade på grund af ophobning af fugt og forurenende stoffer. Anvendelsen af polyester belægninger kan beskytte stålet mod korrosion; men på længere sigt af disse overtræk er kompromitteret, hvis de udsættes for høje niveauer af ultraviolet lys under fugtige forhold, som forekommer i tropiske klimaer. Silica nanopartikler kan anvendes på overfladen af polyester for at forb…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
Funding from the Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hubs Scheme (Project Number IH130100017) is gratefully acknowledged. Authors gratefully acknowledge the RMIT Microscopy and Microanalysis Facility (RMMF) for providing access to the characterisation instruments. This research was also undertaken on the Infrared Microscopectroscopy beamline at the Australian Synchrotron, Victoria, Australia.
Materials
| polyester-coated steel silica nanoparticle-polyester coated steel substrata |
BlueScope Steel | Samples provided by company | |
| Millipore PetriSlideTM | Fisher Scientific | PDMA04700 | Storing samples |
| Thermo ScientificTM K-alpha X-ray Photoelectron Spectrometer |
Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. | IQLAADGAAFFACVMAHV | Acquire XPS spectra |
| Avantage Data System | Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc. | IQLAADGACKFAKRMAVI | Analyse XPS spectra |
| A Bruker Hyperion 2000 microscope | Bruker Corporation | Synchrotron integrated instrument | |
| Bruker Opus v. 7.2 | Bruker Corporation | ATR-IR analysis software | |
| Contact angle goniometer, FTA1000c | First Ten Ångstroms Inc., VA, USA | Measuring the wettability of surfaces | |
| FTA v. 2.0 | First Ten Ångstroms Inc., VA, USA | Anaylyzing water contact angle | |
| Optical profiler, Wyko NT1100 | Bruker Corporation | Measure surface topography | |
| Innova atomic force microscope | Bruker Corporation | Measure surface topography | |
| Phosphorus doped silicon probes, MPP-31120-10 | Bruker Corporation | AFM probes | |
| Gwyddion software | http://gwyddion.net/ | Software used to measure optical profiling and AFM data |
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