Waiting
Login processing...

Trial ends in Request Full Access Tell Your Colleague About Jove
Click here for the English version

Medicine

Forberedelse, procedurer og vurdering af trombocyt-Rich Plasma injektion til behandling af knæet Osteoarthritis

Published: January 4, 2019 doi: 10.3791/57700
* These authors contributed equally

Summary

Knæet slidgigt er ofte set i ortopædisk afdeling. Vi indføre i detaljer hele knæet osteoarthritis behandlingsproces med trombocyt-rich plasma injektion, herunder forberedelse, procedurer og evaluering.

Abstract

Knæet slidgigt (KOA) er en af de hyppigst forekommende sygdomme i ortopædisk afdeling. Eksisterende ikke-kirurgiske behandlinger har en begrænset effekt på reparation af brusk og knogle regenerering. Trombocyt-rich plasma (PRP) er en autolog bioaktive stof, der kan reparere brusk skade og fremskynde knogle regenerering effektivt. Dog rapportering af PRP forberedelse protokoller i kliniske studier er meget inkonsekvent, med størstedelen af studier, der giver tilstrækkelige oplysninger til at tillade protokollen til gengives. Vi beskriver en gentagelig metode til forberedelse PRP visuelt, behandling af KOA ved hjælp af PRP intra-artikulær injektion, og metoder til evaluering af resultatet. PRP blev udarbejdet ved hjælp af manuel dobbelt centrifugering. PRP lag blev udvundet fra perifert blod og bruges til knæ fælles hulrum injektion. Evalueringer indgår vurderinger af blod trombocyt koncentrationer og kliniske resultater. Forberedelse af PRP ved manuel centrifugering kræver mindre apparater og er billigere end plasma filtrering eller centrifugering ved hjælp af udstyr. Centrifugeringstiden af vores dobbelt centrifugering metode var 6 og 5 minutter til de respektive centrifugations på kræfter af 800 og 1400 x g, henholdsvis, for at muliggøre den konsekvente forberedelse af standardiseret PRP. Men en manuel metode er modtagelige for betjeningsfejl, og PRP batch forberedelse er ikke tilgængelig. Intra-artikulær injektion af PRP viste sig for at være en effektiv behandling af knæet osteoarthritis. Hele behandlingen procedure tog mindre end 30 minutter, blod trombocyt koncentrationen af PRP kunne være standardiseret og behandling var vist sig for at være effektive, når det evalueres af opfølgning.

Introduction

Knæet slidgigt (KOA) er en af de mest hyppige eksempler sygdomme i ortopædisk afdeling; 30-50% af mennesker over 65 år opleve denne sygdom1. I øjeblikket omfatter den konservative ledelse af KOA hovedsagelig oral administration af non-steroide anti-inflammatoriske lægemidler og brusk næringsstof narkotika, intra-artikulær injektion af natrium hyaluronate og fysioterapi. Men disse metoder kan ikke stoppe processen med knæet leddegeneration2. Ledbrusken fejl kan forårsage artikulære overflade slid, fælles ustabilitet og metaboliske ændringer, som er en del af patogenesen af KOA3. Men på grund af mangel af blodkar, nerver og lymfoide væv i ledbrusken, nyttiggørelse efter en skade er vanskeligt. En effektiv metode til reparation af brusk er især vigtig for behandlingen af KOA. Behandling af osteoclasia er også et centralt fokus i KOA behandling.

Trombocyt-rich plasma (PRP) er en autolog bioaktive stof, og anvendelsen af PRP til knogle og fælles problemer er i stigende grad undersøgt. Den biologiske begrundelse for den kliniske anvendelse af PRP omfatter dens indvirkning på den lokale levering af vækstfaktorer og ændring af det inflammatoriske respons og dens positive virkninger på celle spredning og differentiering4. Efter aktivering efter intra-artikulær injektion, PRP frigiver α-granul gennem degranulering og udskiller forskellige vækstfaktorer, herunder Trombocyt-afledt vækst faktor, at omdanne vækst faktor-β, insulin-lignende vækst faktor, den epidermal vækstfaktor, den vaskulære endotel vækstfaktor, og fibroblast vækstfaktor. Disse fremme osteoblastdannelse og Chondrocyt spredning, hæmme brusk degeneration, styrke stabiliteten i brusk og subchondral knogle, regulere gen expression væv hæmmer af metalloproteinase og opretholde balancen mellem syntese og nedbrydning af proteoglycaner5,6. Derfor, PRP kan reparere brusk skade og fremskynde knogle regenerering.

Resultatet af PRP injektion påvirkes af forskellige faktorer, herunder prøveudtagning site7, centrifuge forberedelse metode8og brugen af antikoagulantia9 og aktivatorer10. Der er nogenlunde 3 typer centrifugal metoder at forberede PRP. Manuel centrifugering, udstyr-baserede centrifugering eller plasma filtrering teknikker er til rådighed, selv om manuel og udstyr-baserede metoder er de mest almindeligt anvendte. Den manuelle metode kræver mindst udstyr, er bekvem, er lav pris og er enkel at udføre (figur 1). PRP er udarbejdet af udførelsen af manuel centrifugering to gange. Blandet perifert blod og antikoagulans centrifugeres for at adskille hemocytes fra plasma og blodplader. Efter kassere de røde blodlegemer på det nederste lag, centrifugeres centrifugatet re adskillelse, inddele den i supernatanten trombocyt-fattige plasma, midterste PRP og subnatant resterende røde blodlegemer. Det midterste lag bruges til knæ fælles hulrum injektion (hvis mængden er utilstrækkelige, kan der drages en del af supernatanten). Evalueringer af metoden omfatter vurderinger af blod trombocyt koncentration og kliniske resultater.

Rapportering af PRP forberedelse protokoller i kliniske studier er meget inkonsekvent, og fleste undersøgelser giver ikke tilstrækkelige oplysninger til at tillade protokol skal gengives11. Her, beskriver vi en reproducerbar metode til forberedelse af PRP og behandling af KOA med PRP intra-artikulær injektion, med evaluering af resultatet. Inklusionskriterierne var patienter med knæ slidgigt, der har dårlig smertelindring til enkle smertestillende medicin (såsom acetaminophen) og konservativ behandling. Udelukkelseskriterier inkluderet patienter med venøs tilbagevenden eller lymfe dræning lidelse; patienter med knæ ledinfektioner; patienter med en hudsygdom eller infektion i området injektion; patienter med feber; patienter med koaguleringsmiddel funktion abnormitet; patienter med alvorlige hjerte-kar-sygdom. Hele behandlingen procedure tager mindre end 30 minutter, og blodet trombocyt koncentrationen af PRP er bevist at nå frem til en standardiseret måling. Dens effektivitet er påvist ved at evaluere resultaterne under tæt opfølgning.

Subscription Required. Please recommend JoVE to your librarian.

Protocol

De beskrevne metoder blev godkendt af etiske udvalg af Guangdong General Hospital.

1. få PRP ved manuel centrifugering

  1. Forberede patienten i en liggende stilling i en steril laminar flow operationsstuen med en behagelig rumtemperatur og luftfugtighed: værelse temperaturen er 22 ° C og værelse fugtighed er 60%.
  2. Bruge en 1 mL sprøjte at tegne 0,2 mL af heparin natrium (2 mL = 12.500 U), og derefter fugtes en 50 mL sprøjte.
    Bemærk: 3 mL af natriumcitrat er også typisk i dette trin for at erstatte heparin natrium.
  3. Rig en tourniquet, sterilisere albuen 2 - 3 gange, og brug fugtig 50 mL sprøjten til at tegne 30 mL af perifert blod fra albuen vene.
  4. Udføre den første centrifugering.
    1. Opdele perifert blod ligeligt i to 50 mL sterilt centrifugeglas.
    2. Sætte to rør i vandrette rotorer og derefter centrifugeres, under aseptiske forhold.
    3. Der centrifugeres i 6 minutter på 800 x g.
    4. Tage de vandrette rotorer ud, slid sterile handsker, og tegne centrifugeglas.
    5. Observere stratifications for at sikre, at den perifert blod lagdeles i to lag.
    6. Brug en ren 10 mL sprøjte til at indsamle centrifugatet fra disse to centrifugeglas i en ren centrifugerør.
  5. Udføre den anden centrifugering.
    1. Brug en ren 10 mL sprøjte til at tilføje et tilsvarende beløb i sterilt vand eller normal saltvand i en anden ren centrifugerør for balance. Sætte rørene i de vandrette rotorer. Markere den ene med supernatanten lag flydende ved hæfteplaster.
    2. Der centrifugeres i 5 minutter ved 1400 x g.
    3. Tage de vandrette rotorer ud, og ved at iagttage stratifications tjekke at væsken i den markerede tube er opdelt i tre lag.
    4. Brug en 10-mL sprøjte til at tegne 4 mL af væske fra den midterste kornede cellelag (leukocyt-rige, PRP lag) og det nederste lag af supernatanten. Hvis det midterste lag mængde er tilstrækkelig stor, bare trække 4 mL fra der.
    5. Sætte 0,4 mL af væsken i en steril antikoagulation tube (K2EDTA, 3,6 mg) for evaluering, forlader 3,6 mL væske tilbage i sprøjten.
      Bemærk: Protokollen kan pause her.

2. intra-artikulær Administration af PRP

  1. Lad den patient løgn liggende på operationsbordet og bøje knæet til 90 grader.
  2. Find webstedet punktering på ringere margin af patella og 1 cm fra den lateral patella ligament. Brug en tusch for at markere stedet.
  3. Udføre hud sterilisation på webstedet punktering tre gange med anerdian III, sterile handsker og dække med en aseptisk hul-håndklæde.
  4. Placer sprøjten parallelt med den tibial plateau, og derefter udføre punktering i en vinkel på 45 grader. Helt indsætte nålen ind i huden.
  5. Injicere PRP 3,6 mL fra sprøjten ind i knæ fælles hulrum.
  6. Dække punktering position med steril gaze og ordne det med hæfteplaster.
  7. Lægge pres på såret i 10 minutter. Observere for enhver alvorlig bivirkning i 30 minutter.
  8. Administrere alt tre injektioner med månedlige intervaller.
    Bemærk: Protokollen kan pause her.

3. postoperative evaluering af PRP injektion

  1. Evaluere koncentrationen af blodplader i PRP.
    1. Bruge PRP 0,4 mL fra antikoagulation røret (K2EDTA, 3,6 mg).
    2. Analysere blod trombocyt koncentrationen af PRP ved hjælp af en automatisk blodlegemer analyzer.
  2. Evaluere det postoperative resultatet af PRP injektion.
    1. Med en høring 1 dag før hver af de tre behandlinger, gennemføre yderligere patientopfølgning 1 dag efter hver behandling, 3 dage efter hver behandling, 1 uge efter hver behandling, 1 måned efter den tredje behandling, 3 måneder efter den tredje behandling og 6 måneder efter den tredje behandling.
    2. Bruge en visuel analog skala (VAS), Western Ontario og McMaster universiteter slidgigt indeks (WOMAC), knæ samfund Score (Birgitte) og Lysholm knæ funktionelle skala til at evaluere den postoperative effekt.

Subscription Required. Please recommend JoVE to your librarian.

Representative Results

Som et resultat af trombocyt tælle af PRP nået en standard koncentration niveau af 1121 x 103/µL. Vi gennemførte de 15 opfølgende undersøgelser beskrevet i protokollen om en 55-årig mandlig patient med tidlig KOA. Det var indlysende, at tidlige kliniske resultater var tilfredsstillende efter den intra-artikulær administration af PRP (figur 2). Mellemlang sigt effekten var dog lidt ringere. Et markant signifikant analgetisk effekt blev observeret (figur 2A). Birgitte knæ score var højere end Birgitte funktion score (figur 2 C, figur 2D), hvilket betød, at effekten af PRP på subjektive symptomer var bedre end på objektive symptomer. Lysholm knæ funktionelle skala scorer viste, at vores metode havde en bevismæssig effekt i forbedring af brusk skade og blød-vævsskade symptomer (figur 2E). Generelt, de terapeutiske virkninger af vores PRP protokol var bemærkelsesværdige.

Figure 1
Figur 1 : Flowdiagram af protokollens design. Venligst klik her for at se en større version af dette tal.

Figure 2
Figur 2 : Evaluering af postoperative resultatet af PRP injektion. Evaluering af klinisk resultat af VAS (A), WOMAC (B), Birgitte (C, D) og Lysholm knæ funktionelle skala (E). Birgitte giver knæ score (smerte, mobilitet og stabilitet, C) og fungere score (walking evne og trappe aktivitet, D). Venligst klik her for at se en større version af dette tal.

Subscription Required. Please recommend JoVE to your librarian.

Discussion

Koncentrationen af blodplader i normalt humant blod er mellem 150.000/µL og 350.000/µL, og det er en udbredt opfattelse at blod trombocyt koncentration af PRP bør nå 1.000.000/µL, som er 3 til 5 gange normale koncentrationer9. Ifølge POTE hierarkisk system menes det, at PRP har ingen indlysende effekt når blod trombocyt koncentrationen er mindre end tre gange den normale koncentration, mens PRP har en hæmmende effekt, når dens blod trombocyt koncentration er mere end seks gange normal koncentration12. Derfor er et minimumskrav for denne protokol, at blod trombocyt koncentrationen af PRP er mellem disse niveauer.

Manuel PRP forberedelse kan opnås ved en enkelt centrifugering eller med to runder af centrifugering. På grund af de forskellige centrifuge parametre varierer kvaliteten af PRP opnået mellem de to teknikker. Blod trombocyt koncentrationer opnås ved enkelt centrifugering er lav, men PRP indeholder ikke både hvide og røde blodlegemer. Blod trombocyt koncentrationer opnås ved dobbelt centrifugering er høj, og PRP indeholder normalt en lille mængde af hvide blodlegemer og endda røde blodlegemer13. Om eksistensen af hvide blodlegemer i PRP er til gavn for resultater er omstridt. Nogle undersøgelser har vist, at hvide blodlegemer-rige PRP har stærkere antimikrobiel aktivitet, letter funktionel genopretning, og er mindre af en irriterende, at reducere behovet for analgetika14. Dog kan cytokiner, metalloproteases, interleukiner og ilt frie radikaler frigives fra hvide blodlegemer forværre skader i den akutte fase, hindrer det selv reparation af væv og forsinker den helbredende proces15. For at få blodplader i højere koncentrationer, brugte vi dobbelt centrifugering.

Indsamlingsprocenten af blodplader er også relateret til centrifugalkraften og tid. Det er almindeligt anerkendt, at blodet trombocyt koncentrationen stiger som centrifugalkraften stiger. Dog, overdreven centrifugalkraften vil skade blodplader, reducere genfindingsprocenten. Trombocyttal koncentrationen stiger også med længden af centrifugering. Når centrifugering er mindre end 5 minutter, blodplader er lav, og ingen signifikant effekt vil opnås; mellem 10 og 20 minutter af centrifugering stiger blod trombocyt koncentrationen gradvist og støt; efter mere end 20 minutter ændringer blod trombocyt koncentrationen ikke længere naturligvis16. En lang centrifugering kan forårsage overdreven trombocyt deposition og reducere bioactivity, så den optimale centrifugeringstiden er mellem 5 og 10 minutter. Vi etablerede en optimal centrifugeringstiden for dobbelt centrifugering af 6 og 5 minutter til den første og anden centrifuge på kræfter af 800 og 1400 x g, henholdsvis, for at forberede PRP.

Nogle PRP er høstet og direkte indsprøjtet i området af skade, men andre formuleringer tilføjer en trombocyt aktivering agent som thrombin eller CaCl2. I almindelighed, bruges PRP til at lindre kroniske inflammation eller "slitage" skader som OA er normalt injiceres uden en aktiverende agent17.

For evaluering af behandlingsresultater brugte vi en række skalaer. TYVERIALARMEN fastsat detaljerede smerte måling. Vi brugte WOMAC for at vurdere sværhedsgraden af gonitis og behandling virkning efter relevante symptomer og tegn. Af Birgitte forudsat en knæ score smerte, mobilitet, og en funktion score for at gå evne og trappe aktivitet og stabilitet. Lysholm knæ funktionelle skala evalueret ledbånd og brusk skade.

Der var flere begrænsninger på vores arbejdsmetode. Første, manuel forberedelse er modtagelige for betjeningsfejl, hovedsagelig fra subjektivitet i tegningen af midten buffering lag og en del af centrifugatet efter den anden centrifugering. Men efter gentagne forsøg med forskellige operatører, vi endelig fundet effektive trombocyt koncentration. For det andet er PRP batch forberedelse ikke tilgængelige ved hjælp af denne metode. PRP kan kun forberedes ved at trække blod før hver injektion. Opbevaring af prøver er vanskeligt, det skal være acceptabelt at re forberede PRP hver gang.

I Resumé er intra-artikulær injektion af PRP en effektiv behandling af knæet osteoarthritis. Denne undersøgelsesrapport giver hele behandlingen procedure i detaljer, herunder forberedelse af PRP af pålidelig kvalitet, indførelse af en standard injektion procedure, og et videnskabelige og praktiske evalueringsplan.

Subscription Required. Please recommend JoVE to your librarian.

Disclosures

Forfatterne har ikke noget at oplyse.

Acknowledgments

Denne undersøgelse blev støttet af National Natural Science Foundation of China (81371991) og det store Program for videnskab og teknologi i Guangdong (2015B020225007).

Materials

Name Company Catalog Number Comments
Centrifuge Eppendorf 5702
Centrifuge tube CORNING 430828
Horizontal rotor Eppendorf LL080
Anerdian III Shanghai Likang Disinfectant HiTech Co., LTD 310173 Disinfect the skin
1ml Syringe KDL  Medical Equipment Co., LTD 0.4*13 RWLB
10ml Syringe KDL  Medical Equipment Co., LTD 1.2*38 TWSB
50ml Syringe KDL  Medical Equipment Co., LTD 0.7*32 TWLB
Medical Tourniquet Changzhou Jinli Latex Products Co., LTD 0087-2011
Single-use sterile rubber surgical gloves Shanghai jinxiang Latex Products Co., LTD 17060
Disposable Draw Blood Needle KDL  Medical Equipment Co., LTD 0.55*20 L(II) RWLB
Heparin Sodium Injection SPH No.1 Biochemical & Pharmaceutical Co., LTD 1706101 2ml:12500U
Jifro Hand Antiseptic Rinse Free Gel Shanghai Likang Disinfectant HiTech Co., LTD 311793
Medical Cotton Swab Foshan Kangzheng Medical Supplies Co., LTD KZ3-12 Disinfect the skin
10ml Normal Saline  Jiangxi Shuangshi Pharmecutical Co., LTD 140211458
Automatic Blood Cell Analyzer Beckman Coulter LH-750
Hole-towe Sterile
Anticoagulation Tube(Blood Collection Tubes, K2E 3.6mg) Becton, Dickinson and Company CNL17-COO56 Store in a cool dry place within 4 to 25 degrees Celcius
Tweezers RWD LIFE SCIENCE F12006-10
Sterile Gauze Guangdong Ze Chang Trade Co., LTD 170915
Adhesive Plaster 3M Transpore 1527C-0
Skin Marker Pen Guangzhou Mingjia Medical Device Manufacturing Co., LTD 10110

DOWNLOAD MATERIALS LIST

References

  1. Loeser, R. F. Age-related changes in the musculoskeletal system and the development of osteoarthritis. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine. 26 (3), 371-386 (2010).
  2. Bhatia, A., Peng, P., Cohen, S. P. Radiofrequency procedures to relieve chronic knee pain: an evidence-based narrative review. Reg Anesth Pain Med. 43 (1), 72 (2018).
  3. Sánchez, M., et al. A randomized clinical trial evaluating plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF-endoret) versus hyaluronic acid in the short-term treatment of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis. Arthroscopy the Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 28 (8), 1070-1078 (2012).
  4. LaPrade, R. F., et al. Biologic treatments for sports injuries II think tank-current concepts, future research, and barriers to advancement, part 1: biologics overview, ligament injury, tendinopathy. Am J Sports Med. 44 (12), 3270-3283 (2016).
  5. Ornetti, P., et al. Does platelet-rich plasma have a role in the treatment of osteoarthritis? Joint Bone Spine. 83 (1), 31-36 (2016).
  6. Knop, E., Paula, L. E. D., Fuller, R. Platelet-rich plasma for osteoarthritis treatment. Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia (English Edition). 56 (2), 152-164 (2016).
  7. Weibrich, G., Kleis, W. K., Hafner, G., Hitzler, W. E. Growth factor levels in platelet-rich plasma and correlations with donor age, sex, and platelet count. J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 30 (2), 97-102 (2002).
  8. Landesberg, R., Roy, M., Glickman, R. S. Quantification of growth factor levels using a simplified method of platelet-rich plasma gel preparation. Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery. 58 (3), 297-300 (2000).
  9. Wasterlain, A. S., Braun, H. J., Dragoo, J. L. Contents and formulations of platelet-rich plasma. Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics. 22 (1), 33-42 (2012).
  10. Gobbi, G., Vitale, M. Platelet rich plasma for biological therapy: applications and limits. Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics. 22 (1), 10-15 (2012).
  11. Chahla, J., et al. A call for standardization in platelet-rich plasma preparation protocols and composition reporting: a systematic review of the clinical orthopaedic literature. Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery-american. 99 (20), 1769-1779 (2017).
  12. Delong, J. M., Russell, R. P., Mazzocca, A. D. Platelet-rich plasma: the PAW classification system. Arthroscopy the Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery. 28 (7), 998-1009 (2012).
  13. Yazigi Junior, J. A., et al. Quantification of platelets obtained by different centrifugation protocols in SHR rats. Revista Brasileira de Ortopedia (English Edition). 50 (6), 729-738 (2015).
  14. Moojen, D. J. F., et al. Antimicrobial activity of platelet-leukocyte gel against Staphylococcus aureus. Journal of Orthopaedic Research. 26 (3), 404-410 (2008).
  15. Tinsley, B. A., Ferreira, J. V., Dukas, A. G., Mazzocca, A. D. Platelet-rich plasma nonoperative injection therapy-A review of indications and evidence. Operative Techniques in Sports Medicine. 20 (2), 192-200 (2012).
  16. Arora, S., Doda, V., Kotwal, U., Dogra, M. Quantification of platelets and platelet derived growth factors from platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) prepared at different centrifugal force (g) and time. Transfusion & Apheresis Science. 54 (1), 103-110 (2016).
  17. Cohn, C. S., Lockhart, E. Autologous platelet-rich plasma: evidence for clinical use. Current Opinion in Hematology. 22 (6), 527-532 (2015).

Tags

Medicin sag 142 trombocyt-rich plasma intra-artikulær injektion knæet slidgigt forberedelse af PRP knæ score skala behandling biotherapy.
Forberedelse, procedurer og vurdering af trombocyt-Rich Plasma injektion til behandling af knæet Osteoarthritis
Play Video
PDF DOI DOWNLOAD MATERIALS LIST

Cite this Article

Chen, Z., Deng, Z., Ma, Y., Liao,More

Chen, Z., Deng, Z., Ma, Y., Liao, J., Li, Q., Li, M., Liu, H., Chen, G., Zeng, C., Zheng, Q. Preparation, Procedures and Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis. J. Vis. Exp. (143), e57700, doi:10.3791/57700 (2019).

Less
Copy Citation Download Citation Reprints and Permissions
View Video

PLAYLIST

  • Research • Medicine
    Estimation of Urinary Nanocrystals in Humans using Calcium Fluorophore Labeling and Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis
  • Research • Medicine
    Development and Evaluation of 3D-Printed Cardiovascular Phantoms for Interventional Planning and Training
  • Research • Medicine
    Human Fetal Blood Flow Quantification with Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Motion Compensation
  • Research • Medicine
    Digital Handwriting Analysis of Characters in Chinese Patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment
  • Research • Medicine
    Segmentation and Linear Measurement for Body Composition Analysis using Slice-O-Matic and Horos
  • Research • Medicine
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Multiple Sclerosis at 7.0 Tesla
  • Research • Medicine
    Real-Time Magnetic Resonance Guided Focused Ultrasound for Painful Bone Metastases
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation of Viable Adipocytes and Stromal Vascular Fraction from Human Visceral Adipose Tissue Suitable for RNA Analysis and Macrophage Phenotyping
  • Research • Medicine
    Obtaining Quality Extended Field-of-View Ultrasound Images of Skeletal Muscle to Measure Muscle Fascicle Length
  • Research • Medicine
    Lung CT Segmentation to Identify Consolidations and Ground Glass Areas for Quantitative Assesment of SARS-CoV Pneumonia
  • Research • Medicine
    Electroretinogram Recording for Infants and Children under Anesthesia to Achieve Optimal Dark Adaptation and International Standards
  • Research • Medicine
    Measurement of Tissue Oxygenation Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Capnography Sampling Line Compatibility and Accuracy when Used with a Portable Capnography Monitor
  • Research • Medicine
    Simultaneous Laryngopharyngeal and Conventional Esophageal pH Monitoring
  • Research • Medicine
    Real-Time Monitoring of Neurocritical Patients with Diffuse Optical Spectroscopies
  • Research • Neuroscience
    Evaluating Postural Control and Lower-extremity Muscle Activation in Individuals with Chronic Ankle Instability
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Dependence in Activities of Daily Living Among Older Patients in an Acute Care Unit
  • Research • Medicine
    Validated LC-MS/MS Panel for Quantifying 11 Drug-Resistant TB Medications in Small Hair Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    International Expert Consensus and Recommendations for Neonatal Pneumothorax Ultrasound Diagnosis and Ultrasound-guided Thoracentesis Procedure
  • Research • Biology
    A Finite Element Approach for Locating the Center of Resistance of Maxillary Teeth
  • Research • Medicine
    Lower Limb Biomechanical Analysis of Healthy Participants
  • Research • Neuroscience
    Assessing Early Stage Open-Angle Glaucoma in Patients by Isolated-Check Visual Evoked Potential
  • Research • Medicine
    Oral Health Assessment by Lay Personnel for Older Adults
  • Research • Medicine
    Determining and Controlling External Power Output During Regular Handrim Wheelchair Propulsion
  • Research • Medicine
    A Whole Body Dosimetry Protocol for Peptide-Receptor Radionuclide Therapy (PRRT): 2D Planar Image and Hybrid 2D+3D SPECT/CT Image Methods
  • Research • Medicine
    Measurement of Carotenoids in Perifovea using the Macular Pigment Reflectometer
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Static Graviceptive Perception in the Roll-Plane using the Subjective Visual Vertical Paradigm
  • Research • Medicine
    Learning Modern Laryngeal Surgery in a Dissection Laboratory
  • Research • Medicine
    DIPLOMA Approach for Standardized Pathology Assessment of Distal Pancreatectomy Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    A Computerized Functional Skills Assessment and Training Program Targeting Technology Based Everyday Functional Skills
  • Research • Medicine
    Imaging Features of Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Integrating Augmented Reality Tools in Breast Cancer Related Lymphedema Prognostication and Diagnosis
  • Research • Medicine
    Ultrasonographic Assessment During Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
  • Research • Medicine
    Measurement of the Hepatic Venous Pressure Gradient and Transjugular Liver Biopsy
  • Research • Medicine
    Patient Directed Recording of a Bipolar Three-Lead Electrocardiogram using a Smartwatch with ECG Function
  • Research • Medicine
    Traditional Trail Making Test Modified into Brand-new Assessment Tools: Digital and Walking Trail Making Test
  • Research • Medicine
    Use of Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Biopsy Data to Guide Sampling Procedures for Prostate Cancer Biobanking
  • Research • Medicine
    A Fluorescence-based Assay for Characterization and Quantification of Lipid Droplet Formation in Human Intestinal Organoids
  • Research • Medicine
    A Novel Non-invasive Method for the Detection of Elevated Intra-compartmental Pressures of the Leg
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantitative Mapping of Specific Ventilation in the Human Lung using Proton Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Oxygen as a Contrast Agent
  • Research • Neuroscience
    Portable Thermographic Screening for Detection of Acute Wallenberg's Syndrome
  • Research • Medicine
    Use of MRI-ultrasound Fusion to Achieve Targeted Prostate Biopsy
  • Research • Medicine
    Testing of all Six Semicircular Canals with Video Head Impulse Test Systems
  • Research • Medicine
    Protocol and Guidelines for Point-of-Care Lung Ultrasound in Diagnosing Neonatal Pulmonary Diseases Based on International Expert Consensus
  • Research • Neuroscience
    Bilateral Assessment of the Corticospinal Pathways of the Ankle Muscles Using Navigated Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
  • Research • Medicine
    Targeting Gray Rami Communicantes in Selective Chemical Lumbar Sympathectomy
  • Research • Medicine
    Multi-Modal Home Sleep Monitoring in Older Adults
  • Research • Medicine
    Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques
  • Research • Medicine
    Observational Study Protocol for Repeated Clinical Examination and Critical Care Ultrasonography Within the Simple Intensive Care Studies
  • Research • Medicine
    Measurements of Motor Function and Other Clinical Outcome Parameters in Ambulant Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of the Efficacy of An Osteopathic Treatment in Infants with Biomechanical Impairments to Suckling
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantification of Levator Ani Hiatus Enlargement by Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Males and Females with Pelvic Organ Prolapse
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantitative [18F]-Naf-PET-MRI Analysis for the Evaluation of Dynamic Bone Turnover in a Patient with Facetogenic Low Back Pain
  • Research • Medicine
    Generation of Human 3D Lung Tissue Cultures (3D-LTCs) for Disease Modeling
  • Research • Medicine
    Proton Therapy Delivery and Its Clinical Application in Select Solid Tumor Malignancies
  • Research • Medicine
    Combining Volumetric Capnography And Barometric Plethysmography To Measure The Lung Structure-function Relationship
  • Research • Medicine
    Two-Dimensional X-Ray Angiography to Examine Fine Vascular Structure Using a Silicone Rubber Injection Compound
  • Research • Medicine
    Preparation, Procedures and Evaluation of Platelet-Rich Plasma Injection in the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis
  • Research • Medicine
    Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging at 7 Tesla
  • Research • Medicine
    Semi-quantitative Assessment Using [18F]FDG Tracer in Patients with Severe Brain Injury
  • Research • Medicine
    Handheld Metal Detector Screening for Metallic Foreign Body Ingestion in Children
  • Research • Medicine
    Conducting Maximal and Submaximal Endurance Exercise Testing to Measure Physiological and Biological Responses to Acute Exercise in Humans
  • Research • Medicine
    A Metadata Extraction Approach for Clinical Case Reports to Enable Advanced Understanding of Biomedical Concepts
  • Research • Medicine
    Autonomic Function Following Concussion in Youth Athletes: An Exploration of Heart Rate Variability Using 24-hour Recording Methodology
  • Research • Medicine
    Hydra, a Computer-Based Platform for Aiding Clinicians in Cardiovascular Analysis and Diagnosis
  • Research • Medicine
    Objective Nociceptive Assessment in Ventilated ICU Patients: A Feasibility Study Using Pupillometry and the Nociceptive Flexion Reflex
  • Research • Medicine
    'Boden Food Plate': Novel Interactive Web-based Method for the Assessment of Dietary Intake
  • Research • Medicine
    Anogenital Distance and Perineal Measurements of the Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP) Quantification System
  • Research • Medicine
    Bedside Ultrasound for Guiding Fluid Removal in Patients with Pulmonary Edema: The Reverse-FALLS Protocol
  • Research • Medicine
    Muscle Imbalances: Testing and Training Functional Eccentric Hamstring Strength in Athletic Populations
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation of Primary Human Decidual Cells from the Fetal Membranes of Term Placentae
  • Research • Medicine
    Skeletal Muscle Neurovascular Coupling, Oxidative Capacity, and Microvascular Function with 'One Stop Shop' Near-infrared Spectroscopy
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting Hair Samples for Hair Cortisol Analysis in African Americans
  • Research • Medicine
    In Vivo Morphometric Analysis of Human Cranial Nerves Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Menière's Disease Ears and Normal Hearing Ears
  • Research • Medicine
    Measuring the Carotid to Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity (Cf-PWV) to Evaluate Arterial Stiffness
  • Research • Medicine
    Standardized Measurement of Nasal Membrane Transepithelial Potential Difference (NPD)
  • Research • Medicine
    Taste Exam: A Brief and Validated Test
  • Research • Medicine
    Absorption of Nasal and Bronchial Fluids: Precision Sampling of the Human Respiratory Mucosa and Laboratory Processing of Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    Methodology for Sputum Induction and Laboratory Processing
  • Research • Medicine
    Electrophysiological Measurement of Noxious-evoked Brain Activity in Neonates Using a Flat-tip Probe Coupled to Electroencephalography
  • Research • Medicine
    A Detailed Protocol for Physiological Parameters Acquisition and Analysis in Neurosurgical Critical Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Oral Biofilm Sampling for Microbiome Analysis in Healthy Children
  • Research • Medicine
    Using Retinal Imaging to Study Dementia
  • Research • Medicine
    Application of an Amplitude-integrated EEG Monitor (Cerebral Function Monitor) to Neonates
  • Research • Medicine
    3D Ultrasound Imaging: Fast and Cost-effective Morphometry of Musculoskeletal Tissue
  • Research • Medicine
    The 4-vessel Sampling Approach to Integrative Studies of Human Placental Physiology In Vivo
  • Research • Medicine
    A Component-resolved Diagnostic Approach for a Study on Grass Pollen Allergens in Chinese Southerners with Allergic Rhinitis and/or Asthma
  • Research • Medicine
    A Novel Method: Super-selective Adrenal Venous Sampling
  • Research • Medicine
    A Method for Quantifying Upper Limb Performance in Daily Life Using Accelerometers
  • Research • Medicine
    Non-invasive Assessments of Subjective and Objective Recovery Characteristics Following an Exhaustive Jump Protocol
  • Research • Medicine
    Experimental Protocol of a Three-minute, All-out Arm Crank Exercise Test in Spinal-cord Injured and Able-bodied Individuals
  • Research • Medicine
    Phosphorus-31 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy: A Tool for Measuring In Vivo Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation Capacity in Human Skeletal Muscle
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Pulmonary Capillary Blood Volume, Membrane Diffusing Capacity, and Intrapulmonary Arteriovenous Anastomoses During Exercise
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Child Anthropometry in a Large Epidemiologic Study
  • Research • Medicine
    Video Movement Analysis Using Smartphones (ViMAS): A Pilot Study
  • Research • Medicine
    Network Analysis of Foramen Ovale Electrode Recordings in Drug-resistant Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    A Model to Simulate Clinically Relevant Hypoxia in Humans
  • Research • Medicine
    Interictal High Frequency Oscillations Detected with Simultaneous Magnetoencephalography and Electroencephalography as Biomarker of Pediatric Epilepsy
  • Research • Medicine
    Induction and Assessment of Exertional Skeletal Muscle Damage in Humans
  • Research • Medicine
    A Detailed Protocol for Perspiration Monitoring Using a Novel, Small, Wireless Device
  • Research • Medicine
    Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  • Research • Medicine
    Integrated Compensatory Responses in a Human Model of Hemorrhage
  • Research • Medicine
    Transthoracic Speckle Tracking Echocardiography for the Quantitative Assessment of Left Ventricular Myocardial Deformation
  • Research • Medicine
    Impression Cytology of the Lid Wiper Area
  • Research • Behavior
    A Protocol of Manual Tests to Measure Sensation and Pain in Humans
  • Research • Medicine
    Unbiased Deep Sequencing of RNA Viruses from Clinical Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    A Choroid Plexus Epithelial Cell-based Model of the Human Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier to Study Bacterial Infection from the Basolateral Side
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Profiling of MicroRNA-containing Exosomes from Human Bile
  • Research • Medicine
    Generation of Microtumors Using 3D Human Biogel Culture System and Patient-derived Glioblastoma Cells for Kinomic Profiling and Drug Response Testing
  • Research • Medicine
    Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial Function: A Technical Guideline of the Flow-mediated Dilation Test
  • Research • Medicine
    Using a Laminating Technique to Perform Confocal Microscopy of the Human Sclera
  • Research • Medicine
    Intravenous Endotoxin Challenge in Healthy Humans: An Experimental Platform to Investigate and Modulate Systemic Inflammation
  • Research • Medicine
    Modeling and Simulations of Olfactory Drug Delivery with Passive and Active Controls of Nasally Inhaled Pharmaceutical Aerosols
  • Research • Medicine
    Exosomal miRNA Analysis in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients' Plasma Through qPCR: A Feasible Liquid Biopsy Tool
  • Research • Medicine
    A Multimodal Imaging- and Stimulation-based Method of Evaluating Connectivity-related Brain Excitability in Patients with Epilepsy
  • Research • Medicine
    Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Toddlers - Resting and Developmental Challenges
  • Research • Medicine
    Using Saccadometry with Deep Brain Stimulation to Study Normal and Pathological Brain Function
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantitative Fundus Autofluorescence for the Evaluation of Retinal Diseases
  • Research • Medicine
    Diagnosis of Musculus Gastrocnemius Tightness - Key Factors for the Clinical Examination
  • Research • Medicine
    Stereo-Electro-Encephalo-Graphy (SEEG) With Robotic Assistance in the Presurgical Evaluation of Medical Refractory Epilepsy: A Technical Note
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Skeletal Muscle Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Transcutaneous Microcirculatory Imaging in Preterm Neonates
  • Research • Medicine
    Using an Ingestible Telemetric Temperature Pill to Assess Gastrointestinal Temperature During Exercise
  • Research • Medicine
    Design, Fabrication, and Administration of the Hand Active Sensation Test (HASTe)
  • Research • Medicine
    MRI-guided dmPFC-rTMS as a Treatment for Treatment-resistant Major Depressive Disorder
  • Research • Medicine
    Functional Human Liver Preservation and Recovery by Means of Subnormothermic Machine Perfusion
  • Research • Medicine
    A Multicenter MRI Protocol for the Evaluation and Quantification of Deep Vein Thrombosis
  • Research • Medicine
    Determining The Electromyographic Fatigue Threshold Following a Single Visit Exercise Test
  • Research • Medicine
    Use of Electromagnetic Navigational Transthoracic Needle Aspiration (E-TTNA) for Sampling of Lung Nodules
  • Research • Medicine
    Trabecular Meshwork Response to Pressure Elevation in the Living Human Eye
  • Research • Medicine
    In Vivo, Percutaneous, Needle Based, Optical Coherence Tomography of Renal Masses
  • Research • Medicine
    Establishment of Human Epithelial Enteroids and Colonoids from Whole Tissue and Biopsy
  • Research • Medicine
    Human Brown Adipose Tissue Depots Automatically Segmented by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography and Registered Magnetic Resonance Images
  • Research • Medicine
    Preparation and Respirometric Assessment of Mitochondria Isolated from Skeletal Muscle Tissue Obtained by Percutaneous Needle Biopsy
  • Research • Medicine
    A Methodological Approach to Non-invasive Assessments of Vascular Function and Morphology
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Immortalization of Patient-derived Cell Lines from Muscle Biopsy for Disease Modeling
  • Research • Medicine
    State of the Art Cranial Ultrasound Imaging in Neonates
  • Research • Medicine
    Measurement of Dynamic Scapular Kinematics Using an Acromion Marker Cluster to Minimize Skin Movement Artifact
  • Research • Medicine
    The Supraclavicular Fossa Ultrasound View for Central Venous Catheter Placement and Catheter Change Over Guidewire
  • Research • Medicine
    Ultrasound Assessment of Endothelial-Dependent Flow-Mediated Vasodilation of the Brachial Artery in Clinical Research
  • Research • Medicine
    Tracking the Mammary Architectural Features and Detecting Breast Cancer with Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    A Neuroscientific Approach to the Examination of Concussions in Student-Athletes
  • Research • Medicine
    DTI of the Visual Pathway - White Matter Tracts and Cerebral Lesions
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    Fundus Photography as a Convenient Tool to Study Microvascular Responses to Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Epidemiological Studies
  • Research • Medicine
    A Multi-Modal Approach to Assessing Recovery in Youth Athletes Following Concussion
  • Research • Medicine
    Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults
  • Research • Medicine
    Multi-electrode Array Recordings of Human Epileptic Postoperative Cortical Tissue
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection and Extraction of Saliva DNA for Next Generation Sequencing
  • Research • Medicine
    Fast and Accurate Exhaled Breath Ammonia Measurement
  • Research • Medicine
    Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
  • Research • Medicine
    Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing
  • Research • Medicine
    Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
  • Research • Medicine
    EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
  • Research • Medicine
    The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas
  • Research • Medicine
    Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
  • Research • Medicine
    Lesion Explorer: A Video-guided, Standardized Protocol for Accurate and Reliable MRI-derived Volumetrics in Alzheimer's Disease and Normal Elderly
  • Research • Medicine
    Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation, Culture, and Imaging of Human Fetal Pancreatic Cell Clusters
  • Research • Medicine
    3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
  • Research • Medicine
    A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting Saliva and Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase in Frail Community Residing Older Adults via Family Caregivers
  • Research • Medicine
    Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Research • Medicine
    Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Retinal Surgical Specimens Using jouRNAl
  • Research • Medicine
    Improved Protocol For Laser Microdissection Of Human Pancreatic Islets From Surgical Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Activation Using Respiratory Motor Control Assessment (RMCA) in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
  • Research • Medicine
    Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing
  • Research • Medicine
    Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Children
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting And Measuring Wound Exudate Biochemical Mediators In Surgical Wounds
  • Research • Medicine
    A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
  • Research • Medicine
    Using a Chemical Biopsy for Graft Quality Assessment
  • Research • Medicine
    Characterizing Exon Skipping Efficiency in DMD Patient Samples in Clinical Trials of Antisense Oligonucleotides
  • Research • Medicine
    In Vitro Assessment of Cardiac Function Using Skinned Cardiomyocytes
  • Research • Medicine
    Normothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Vascular Control Mechanisms Utilizing Video Microscopy of Isolated Resistance Arteries of Rats
  • Research • Medicine
    Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) for Research; Obtaining Adequate Sample Yield
  • Research • Medicine
    Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
  • Research • Medicine
    Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
  • Research • Medicine
    Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods
  • Research • Medicine
    Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
  • Research • Medicine
    Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
  • Research • Medicine
    The Use of Primary Human Fibroblasts for Monitoring Mitochondrial Phenotypes in the Field of Parkinson's Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection Protocol for Human Pancreas
  • Research • Medicine
    The α-test: Rapid Cell-free CD4 Enumeration Using Whole Saliva
  • Research • Medicine
    The Measurement and Treatment of Suppression in Amblyopia
  • Research • Medicine
    Corneal Donor Tissue Preparation for Endothelial Keratoplasty
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT)
  • Research • Medicine
    Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
  • Research • Medicine
    Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation
  • Research • Medicine
    Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System
  • Research • Medicine
    Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
  • Research • Medicine
    Method to Measure Tone of Axial and Proximal Muscle
  • Research • Medicine
    The Trier Social Stress Test Protocol for Inducing Psychological Stress
  • Research • Medicine
    Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    Multifocal Electroretinograms
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantification of Pulmonary Perfusion using Calibrated Arterial Spin Labeling
  • Research • Medicine
    Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
  • Research • Medicine
    A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
  • Research • Medicine
    An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System
  • Research • Medicine
    Corneal Confocal Microscopy: A Novel Non-invasive Technique to Quantify Small Fibre Pathology in Peripheral Neuropathies
  • Research • Medicine
    Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI
  • Research • Medicine
    Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology
  • Research • Medicine
    Technique to Collect Fungiform (Taste) Papillae from Human Tongue
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000
  • Research • Medicine
    Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery
  • Research • Medicine
    An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
  • Research • Biology
    Bioelectric Analyses of an Osseointegrated Intelligent Implant Design System for Amputees
  • Research • Biology
    Demonstration of Cutaneous Allodynia in Association with Chronic Pelvic Pain
  • Get cutting-edge science videos from JoVE sent straight to your inbox every month.

    Waiting X
    Simple Hit Counter