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Medicine

En roman ikke-invasiv metode til påvisning af forhøjet intra-Inddækningstryk af benet

Published: May 31, 2019 doi: 10.3791/59887

Summary

En ultralydssonde kombineret med en tryksensor bruges til at vurdere det intra-opdelte tryk i benet ved direkte at måle rummet fascia samkopiering tryk (CFFP). Denne ikke-invasive protokol vil give pålidelig vurdering af trykket inde i forreste muskuløse rum i nederste ben.

Abstract

Akut rum syndrom er en ødelæggende konsekvens af muskuloskeletale traumer. I øjeblikket diagnosen er baseret på kliniske tegn og symptomer, og mens supplementer såsom invasive intra-opdeling trykmålinger ofte bruges til at underbygge den fysiske eksamen resultater, er der stadig ingen pålidelig objektiv test til støtte i beslutning om at udføre en decompressiv fasciotomi. I en Kadaver model af rum syndrom, en ultralyd (US) baseret metode har vist sig at være en pålidelig måling af øget intra-sektions tryk. Et absolut Tryk på > 100 mbar eller en forskel på 50 mbar i CFFP mellem benene kan betragtes som patologisk. Ved hjælp af en ultralydstransducer, kombineret med en tryksensor, kan det tryk, der er nødvendigt for at flade den overfladiske fascia af det forreste rum i nederste ben (rum fascia samkopiering tryk [CFFP]), måles. CFFP af det skadede ben sammenlignes med CFFP af det uskadede ben. Dette amerikanske målte indeks kan derefter tjene som et supplement til den fysiske eksamen i at evaluere sårede underekstremiteter og vurdere behovet for decompressive fasciotomy. Fordelene ved denne protokol omfatter: at være en ikke-invasiv metode og en let reproducerbar teknik.

Introduction

Formålet med denne roman protokol er at evaluere det interne under tryk af benet på en ikke-invasiv måde ved hjælp af en ultralydstransducer kombineret med en tryksensor. Rum syndrom er en velkendt komplikation i muskuloskeletale traumer og er resultatet af forhøjet intra-sektions pres, som kompromitterer perfusion af væv, der fører til irreversibel iskæmisk skade, hvis der ikke interveneret på. Dens diagnose er primært baseret på klinisk eksamen. Desværre, klinisk eksamen alene har vist sig at have dårlig følsomhed og specificitet i diagnosticering af rum syndrom1. Invasivt intra-afskærmende trykmåling ved nåle manometri er almindeligt anvendt ved vurdering af segment syndrom2,3,4. Ulempen ved nåle manometri er, at det er en invasiv procedure, er ganske ubehageligt for patienten og ikke underholdende til serielle målinger. Desuden udføres der ikke rutinemæssigt invasiv måling inden for det interne afskærmende tryk af nogle kirurger på grund af betydelig uenighed om det passende tærskel Tryk for diagnosticering af ACS og den høje (35%) falsk positiv hastighed og variation af en enkelt invasiv måling5,6,7.

Det er tidligere påvist i kunstige, animalske og humane Kadaver modeller, at en stigning i det intra-opdelte tryk resulterer i en nedsat elasticitet i fascia, der ligger over det forreste rum, hvilket tyder på en sammenhæng mellem intra-afskærmende tryk og overholdelse af ansigtet rum som målt ved ultralyd8,9,10. Yderligere arbejde har beskrevet ved hjælp af det tryk, der kræves for at flade fascia af den forreste rum som målt ved ultralyd (rum fascia samkopiering tryk [CFFP]) som et surrogat mål for intra-afskærmning Tryk11. Den forreste rum fascia kan let visualiseres med standard ultrasonografi og, med tilsætning af en tryksensor til sonden, kan CFFPs let og pålideligt måles. Denne protokol tilbyder et ikke-invasivt diagnostisk alternativ til evaluering af intra-sektions tryk og kan udføres hurtigt og serielt med lidt til ingen ubehag hos patienten.

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Protocol

Denne eksperimentelle protokol er blevet gennemgået og godkendt af vores hospital's institutionelle Review Board (IRB) og følger alle retningslinjer, der er fastsat af vores institutions Human Research etiske udvalg.

1. Identificer fascia af det forreste rum i benet

  1. Identificer et startsted for ultralydssonden. Anbring sonden direkte over det forreste rum, bare sidelæns med den tibiale Crest og en hånd bredde distale til tibial tuberkel.
  2. Identificer fascia som den lyse, hvide strimmel lige under det subkutane væv på ultralyd. Bevæg sonden, indtil fascia ses på det punkt, hvor den binder sig til det tibiale våbenskjold.
  3. Bemærk geometrien af fascia. Med minimal tryk påført, bør dette være en konveks form.

2. mål rum fascia samkopiering Tryk på skade benet

  1. Når fascia af den forreste rum er identificeret, anvende langsomt og stabilt tryk på ultralydproben, indtil fascia ændrer form fra konvekse til helt flad. Foretag flere forsøg, herunder at passere samkopiering punkt til at producere en konkave form i et forsøg på forsigtigt at slibe ind på den nøjagtige CFFP.
  2. Når den forreste rum fascia er helt flad, registrere tryksensor måling.
  3. Gentag CFFP-målingen 2 gange. Optag og gennemsnit alle 3 Tryk for at definere den endelige CFFP.

3. Beregn Delta CFFP sammenlignet med det uskadede (kontralaterale) ben

  1. Måle og registrere CFFP i det kontralaterale ben på samme måde som beskrevet ovenfor.
  2. Beregn Delta CFFP ved at tage forskellen mellem CFFP af såret benet brønden.

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Representative Results

Denne teknik er blevet anvendt til at måle 10 på hinanden følgende patienter med tilskadekomne ben uden tegn på rum syndrom og 3 patienter med en klinisk diagnose af rum syndrom nødvendiggør decompressive fasciotomies. Den gennemsnitlige Delta CFFP for patienter uden rum syndrom var 10,7 ± 10,6 mbar sammenlignet med 157 ± 51,7 mbar for patienter med rum syndrom og enkelt-sidet t-test identificerede forskellene i presset mellem grupperne som værende statistisk signifikant (P < 0,02).

Figure 1
Figur 1: ultralyd billede af forreste rum. Den lyse hvide fascia overliggende det forreste rum er demonstreret med de hvide pile. Bemærk konvekse udseendet af fascia (a) med forsigtigt tryk med ultralydssonden versus det flade udseende af fascia (B) set med anvendelse af øget tryk.

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Discussion

Denne artikel demonstrerer en roman, klinisk anvendelig teknik til ikke-invasiv måling af intra-afskærmning pres i benet ved hjælp af en ultralyd kombineret med en tryksensor. Denne teknik kræver kun en håndholdt ultralyd og en kommercielt tilgængelig trykfølsom transducer. Det er hurtigt og nemt at udføre og er veltolereret af patienter. Hele diagnosticerings proceduren kan udføres på under 5 minutter uden yderligere ressourcer. Den beregnede Delta CFFP kan derefter anvendes i forbindelse med den fysiske eksamen for at vurdere behovet for decompressive fasciotomi i en skade ben.

Det kritiske trin i denne protokol, der kræver den største sans for detaljer, er at opfange tryk værdien på det punkt, hvor det fascial lag er helt fladt. Subtile Konveksitet eller konkaviteter kan markant oppume eller deflere CFFP-værdien. Opnåelse af 3 serielle målinger vil hjælpe med at forbedre nøjagtigheden af testen. Derudover, øve teknikken vil forbedre reprodulibelt og pålidelighed af denne eksamen.

Det næste skridt, som i øjeblikket er i gang, er prospektiv evaluering af nytten af denne noninvasiv ultralyds metode til vurdering af intra-sektions tryk. Vi indsamler en potentiel serie af patienter uden rum syndrom for at opnå en baseline reference for Cffp'er. Vi indsamler også potentielle data om patient klinisk diagnosticeret med rum syndrom til at identificere en Delta CFFP tærskel for at forudsige behovet for decompressive fasciotomy.

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Disclosures

Forfatterne har intet at afsløre

Acknowledgments

Ingen.

Materials

Name Company Catalog Number Comments
Pressure sensor: Venous pressure measurement device Vein press VP 2014 A peripheral venous measuring device used in conjuction with an ultrasound to measure peripheral venous pressure.
Ultrasound probe: Vscan Extend R2 Dual Probe DICOM Base Package GE Healthcare H8038VP Any ultrasound probe will be sufficent for this test. Using the narrow tranducer will function best when coupled to the pressure sensor

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References

  1. Ulmer, T. The clinical diagnosis of compartment syndrome of the lower leg: are clinical findings predictive of the disorder? Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma. 16 (8), 572-577 (2002).
  2. Whitesides, T. E., et al. Tissue pressure measurements as a determinant for the need of fasciotomy. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 113, 43-51 (1975).
  3. McQueen, M. M., Court-Brown, C. M. Compartment monitoring in tibial fractures: the pressure threshold for decompression. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume. 78 (1), 99-104 (1996).
  4. McQueen, M. M., Christie, J., Court-Brown, C. M. Compartment pressures after intramedullary nailing of the tibia. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume. 72 (3), 395-397 (1990).
  5. Masquelet, A. C. Acute compartment syndrome of the leg: pressure measurement and fasciotomy. Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. 96 (8), 913-917 (2010).
  6. McQueen, M. M., Duckworth, A. D., Aitken, S. A. The estimated sensitivity and specificity of compartment pressure monitoring for acute compartment syndrome. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 95 (8), 673-677 (2013).
  7. Whitney, A., et al. Do one-time intracompartmental pressure measurements have a high false-positive rate in diagnosing compartment syndrome? Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 76 (2), 479-483 (2014).
  8. Sellei, R. M., et al. Assessment of elevated compartment pressures by pressure-related ultrasound: a cadaveric model. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. 41 (6), 639-645 (2015).
  9. Sellei, R. M., et al. Compartment elasticity measured by pressure-related ultrasound to determine patients “at risk” for compartment syndrome: an experimental in vitro study. Patient Safety in Surgery. 9 (1), 4 (2015).
  10. Bloch, A., et al. Compression sonography for non-invasive measurement of lower leg compartment pressure in an animal model.". Injury. 49 (3), 532-537 (2018).
  11. Marmor, M., et al. Use of standard musculoskeletal ultrasound to determine the need for fasciotomy in an elevated muscle compartment pressure cadaver leg model. Injury. , (2019).

Tags

Medicin diagnostiske teknikker og procedurer diagnostisk Imaging ultrasonografi anatomi muskuloskeletale system analytiske diagnostiske og terapeutiske teknikker og udstyr diagnose discipliner og erhverv sundhed Erhverv rum-syndrom ikke-invasiv tryk overvågning intra-sektions tryk skinneben fraktur fasciotomi ultralyd
En roman ikke-invasiv metode til påvisning af forhøjet intra-Inddækningstryk af benet
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Cite this Article

Herring, M. J., Donohoe, E., Marmor, More

Herring, M. J., Donohoe, E., Marmor, M. T. A Novel Non-invasive Method for the Detection of Elevated Intra-compartmental Pressures of the Leg. J. Vis. Exp. (147), e59887, doi:10.3791/59887 (2019).

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    Clinical Assessment of Spatiotemporal Gait Parameters in Patients and Older Adults
  • Research • Medicine
    Multi-electrode Array Recordings of Human Epileptic Postoperative Cortical Tissue
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection and Extraction of Saliva DNA for Next Generation Sequencing
  • Research • Medicine
    Fast and Accurate Exhaled Breath Ammonia Measurement
  • Research • Medicine
    Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
  • Research • Medicine
    Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing
  • Research • Medicine
    Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
  • Research • Medicine
    EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
  • Research • Medicine
    The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas
  • Research • Medicine
    Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
  • Research • Medicine
    Lesion Explorer: A Video-guided, Standardized Protocol for Accurate and Reliable MRI-derived Volumetrics in Alzheimer's Disease and Normal Elderly
  • Research • Medicine
    Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation, Culture, and Imaging of Human Fetal Pancreatic Cell Clusters
  • Research • Medicine
    3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
  • Research • Medicine
    A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting Saliva and Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase in Frail Community Residing Older Adults via Family Caregivers
  • Research • Medicine
    Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Research • Medicine
    Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Retinal Surgical Specimens Using jouRNAl
  • Research • Medicine
    Improved Protocol For Laser Microdissection Of Human Pancreatic Islets From Surgical Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Activation Using Respiratory Motor Control Assessment (RMCA) in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
  • Research • Medicine
    Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing
  • Research • Medicine
    Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Children
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting And Measuring Wound Exudate Biochemical Mediators In Surgical Wounds
  • Research • Medicine
    A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
  • Research • Medicine
    Using a Chemical Biopsy for Graft Quality Assessment
  • Research • Medicine
    Characterizing Exon Skipping Efficiency in DMD Patient Samples in Clinical Trials of Antisense Oligonucleotides
  • Research • Medicine
    In Vitro Assessment of Cardiac Function Using Skinned Cardiomyocytes
  • Research • Medicine
    Normothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Vascular Control Mechanisms Utilizing Video Microscopy of Isolated Resistance Arteries of Rats
  • Research • Medicine
    Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) for Research; Obtaining Adequate Sample Yield
  • Research • Medicine
    Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
  • Research • Medicine
    Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
  • Research • Medicine
    Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods
  • Research • Medicine
    Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
  • Research • Medicine
    Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
  • Research • Medicine
    The Use of Primary Human Fibroblasts for Monitoring Mitochondrial Phenotypes in the Field of Parkinson's Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection Protocol for Human Pancreas
  • Research • Medicine
    The α-test: Rapid Cell-free CD4 Enumeration Using Whole Saliva
  • Research • Medicine
    The Measurement and Treatment of Suppression in Amblyopia
  • Research • Medicine
    Corneal Donor Tissue Preparation for Endothelial Keratoplasty
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT)
  • Research • Medicine
    Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
  • Research • Medicine
    Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation
  • Research • Medicine
    Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System
  • Research • Medicine
    Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
  • Research • Medicine
    Method to Measure Tone of Axial and Proximal Muscle
  • Research • Medicine
    The Trier Social Stress Test Protocol for Inducing Psychological Stress
  • Research • Medicine
    Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    Multifocal Electroretinograms
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantification of Pulmonary Perfusion using Calibrated Arterial Spin Labeling
  • Research • Medicine
    Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
  • Research • Medicine
    A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
  • Research • Medicine
    An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System
  • Research • Medicine
    Corneal Confocal Microscopy: A Novel Non-invasive Technique to Quantify Small Fibre Pathology in Peripheral Neuropathies
  • Research • Medicine
    Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI
  • Research • Medicine
    Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology
  • Research • Medicine
    Technique to Collect Fungiform (Taste) Papillae from Human Tongue
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000
  • Research • Medicine
    Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery
  • Research • Medicine
    An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
  • Research • Biology
    Bioelectric Analyses of an Osseointegrated Intelligent Implant Design System for Amputees
  • Research • Biology
    Demonstration of Cutaneous Allodynia in Association with Chronic Pelvic Pain
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