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Medicine

En ny icke-invasiv metod för detektion av förhöjda intra-kompartmenttryck av benet

Published: May 31, 2019 doi: 10.3791/59887

Summary

En ultraljudssond tillsammans med en tryck givare används för att bedöma det intrakompartment trycket i benet genom att direkt mäta utrymmet fascia plattas tryck (CFFP). Detta icke-invasiva protokoll kommer att ge tillförlitlig bedömning av trycket inuti den främre muskulösa facket i under benet.

Abstract

Akut kupé syndrom är en förödande följd av Muskuloskeletal trauma. För närvarande är diagnosen baserad på kliniska tecken och symtom, och medan adjunkter såsom invasiva intra-kompartmentmätningar används ofta för att bekräfta de fysiska undersöknings resultaten, återstår det inget tillförlitligt objektivt test för att under lätta beslut att utföra en dekompressiv fasciotomi. I en cadaver modell av kupé syndrom, en ultraljud (US) baserad metod har visat sig vara en pålitlig mätning av ökad intra-kompartment tryck. Ett absolut tryck på > 100 mbar eller en skillnad på 50 mbar i CFFP mellan benen kan anses patologiskt. Med hjälp av en ultraljudsgivare, tillsammans med en tryck sensor, det tryck som behövs för att platta till den ytliga fascian av den främre facket i underben (kupé fascia utslätning Pressure [CFFP]) kan mätas. CFFP av det skadade benet jämförs med CFFP av det oskadade benet. Detta USA-uppmätta index kan sedan fungera som ett komplement till den fysiska examen i att utvärdera skadade nedre extremiteterna och bedöma behovet av decompressive fasciotomy. Fördelarna med detta protokoll är: att vara en icke-invasiv metod och en lätt reproducerbar teknik.

Introduction

Syftet med detta nya protokoll är att utvärdera det intrakompartmentbaserade trycket i benet på ett icke-invasivt sätt genom att använda en ultraljudsgivare tillsammans med en tryck sensor. Kupé syndrom är en välkänd komplikation i Muskuloskeletal trauma och är resultatet av förhöjda intra-kompartment tryck som äventyrar per fusion av vävnader som leder till irreversibel ischemisk skada om inte intervenerade på. Dess diagnos är främst baserad på klinisk tentamen. Tyvärr, klinisk undersökning ensam har visat sig ha dålig känslighet och specificitet i diagnosen av kupé syndrom1. Invasiv intra-kompartment tryck mätning med nål manometri används ofta vid bedömning av kupé syndrom2,3,4. Nack delen med nål manometri är att det är ett invasivt förfarande, är ganska obehagligt för patienten och inte kan bli föremål för seriella mätningar. Dessutom utförs inte rutinmässigt invasiva intra-kompartmentmätningsmätning av vissa kirurger på grund av betydande oenighet om det lämpliga tröskel trycket för diagnos av ACS och den höga (35%) falsk positiv frekvens och variation i en enda invasiv mätning5,6,7.

Det har tidigare visats i konstgjorda, djur och mänskliga cadaver modeller som en ökning av Intra-kompartment tryck resulterar i en minskad elasticitet av fascia överliggande främre facket tyder på ett samband mellan Intra-kompartment tryck och uppfyllande av ansikts utrymmet mätt med ultraljud8,9,10. Ytterligare arbete har beskrivits med hjälp av trycket som krävs för att platta till fascian av främre facket mätt med ultraljud (kupé fascia utslätning Pressure [CFFP]) som ett surrogat mått på Intra-kompartment Tryck11. Den främre fack fascian kan lätt visualiseras med standard ultraljud och, med tillsats av en tryck sensor till sonden, kan CFFPs lätt och tillförlitligt mätas. Detta protokoll erbjuder ett icke-invasiv diagnostiskt alternativ för att utvärdera intra-kompartmenttryck och kan utföras snabbt och seriellt med liten eller ingen patient obehag.

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Protocol

Detta experimentella protokoll har granskats och godkänts av vårt sjukhusets institutionella gransknings nämnd (IRB) och följer alla rikt linjer som fastställts av vår institutions forsknings etiska kommitté.

1. identifiera fascian av det främre facket i benet

  1. Identifiera en start plats för ultraljudssonden. Placera sonden direkt över den främre facket, bara sidled till Tibia krönet och en handbredd distala till Tibia tubercle.
  2. Identifiera fascian som den ljusa, vita remsan strax under den subkutana vävnaden på ultraljud. Flytta sonden tills fascian ses vid den punkt där den fäster på Tibia krön.
  3. Notera geometrin för fascian. Med minimalt tryck appliceras bör detta vara en konvex form.

2. Mät kupé fascia Utplattnings tryck för det

  1. När fascian av främre facket identifieras, applicera långsamt och stadigt tryck på ultraljud sonden tills fascian ändrar form från konvex till helt platt. Gör flera försök inklusive passerar den platta punkt för att producera en konkav form i ett försök att försiktigt slipa in på exakt CFFP.
  2. När främre facket fascia är helt platt, registrera trycket sensorn mätningen.
  3. Upprepa CFFP-mätningen 2 gånger. Record och genomsnittet alla 3 Tryck för att definiera den slutliga CFFP.

3. beräkna delta CFFP jämfört med den oskadade (kontralaterala) ben

  1. Mät och anteckna CFFP i det kontralaterala benet på samma sätt som beskrivits ovan.
  2. Beräkna delta CFFP genom att ta skillnaden mellan CFFP av den skadade benet brunnen benet.

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Representative Results

Denna teknik har använts för att mäta 10 på varandra följande patienter med skadade ben utan tecken på kupé syndrom och 3 patienter med en klinisk diagnos av kupé syndrom som kräver dekompressiva fasciotomier. Den genomsnittliga delta CFFP för patienter utan kupé syndrom var 10,7 ± 10,6 mbar jämfört med 157 ± 51,7 mbar för patienter med kompartmentsyndrom och enkelstjärtad t-test identifierade skillnaderna i tryck mellan grupperna som statistiskt signifikant (P < 0,02).

Figure 1
Figur 1: ultraljudsbild av främre fack. Den ljusa vita fascia liggande främre facket visas med de vita pilarna. Notera den konvexa utseendet på fascian (a) med milt tryck med ultraljud sonden kontra det tillplattade utseendet på fascian (B) sett med att tillämpa ökat tryck.

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Discussion

Denna artikel visar en ny, kliniskt tillämplig teknik för icke-invasiv mätning av Intra-kompartmenttryck i benet med hjälp av ett ultraljud tillsammans med en tryck sensor. Denna teknik kräver endast en handhållen ultraljud och en kommersiellt tillgänglig tryck Känn ande givare. Det är snabbt och enkelt att utföra och tolereras väl av patienter. Hela diagnostikproceduren kan utföras på under 5 min utan ytterligare resurser. Den beräknade delta cffp kan sedan användas tillsammans med den fysiska examen för att bedöma behovet av dekompressiva fasciotomi i ett skade ben.

Det kritiska steget i detta protokoll som kräver största uppmärksamhet på detaljer är att fånga trycket värdet vid den punkt där fascian skiktet är helt platt. Subtil konvexitet eller konkavitet kan markant blåsa upp eller tömma CFFP-värdet. Att få 3 seriella mätningar kommer att hjälpa till att förbättra noggrannheten i testet. Dessutom, öva tekniken kommer att förbättra reproducerbart och tillförlitligheten i denna examen.

Nästa steg, som för närvarande pågår, är prospektivt utvärdera nyttan av denna noninvasiv ultraljud metod för att bedöma intra-kompartmentell tryck. Vi samlar in en prospektiv patient serie utan kupé syndrom för att få en utgångs referens för CFFPs. Vi samlar också prospektiva data om patienten kliniskt diagnostiserad med kupé syndrom att identifiera en delta CFFP tröskel för att förutsäga behovet av decompressive fasciotomy.

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Disclosures

Författarna har inget att avslöja

Acknowledgments

Ingen.

Materials

Name Company Catalog Number Comments
Pressure sensor: Venous pressure measurement device Vein press VP 2014 A peripheral venous measuring device used in conjuction with an ultrasound to measure peripheral venous pressure.
Ultrasound probe: Vscan Extend R2 Dual Probe DICOM Base Package GE Healthcare H8038VP Any ultrasound probe will be sufficent for this test. Using the narrow tranducer will function best when coupled to the pressure sensor

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References

  1. Ulmer, T. The clinical diagnosis of compartment syndrome of the lower leg: are clinical findings predictive of the disorder? Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma. 16 (8), 572-577 (2002).
  2. Whitesides, T. E., et al. Tissue pressure measurements as a determinant for the need of fasciotomy. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 113, 43-51 (1975).
  3. McQueen, M. M., Court-Brown, C. M. Compartment monitoring in tibial fractures: the pressure threshold for decompression. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume. 78 (1), 99-104 (1996).
  4. McQueen, M. M., Christie, J., Court-Brown, C. M. Compartment pressures after intramedullary nailing of the tibia. The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British Volume. 72 (3), 395-397 (1990).
  5. Masquelet, A. C. Acute compartment syndrome of the leg: pressure measurement and fasciotomy. Orthopaedics & Traumatology: Surgery & Research. 96 (8), 913-917 (2010).
  6. McQueen, M. M., Duckworth, A. D., Aitken, S. A. The estimated sensitivity and specificity of compartment pressure monitoring for acute compartment syndrome. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. 95 (8), 673-677 (2013).
  7. Whitney, A., et al. Do one-time intracompartmental pressure measurements have a high false-positive rate in diagnosing compartment syndrome? Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. 76 (2), 479-483 (2014).
  8. Sellei, R. M., et al. Assessment of elevated compartment pressures by pressure-related ultrasound: a cadaveric model. European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery. 41 (6), 639-645 (2015).
  9. Sellei, R. M., et al. Compartment elasticity measured by pressure-related ultrasound to determine patients “at risk” for compartment syndrome: an experimental in vitro study. Patient Safety in Surgery. 9 (1), 4 (2015).
  10. Bloch, A., et al. Compression sonography for non-invasive measurement of lower leg compartment pressure in an animal model.". Injury. 49 (3), 532-537 (2018).
  11. Marmor, M., et al. Use of standard musculoskeletal ultrasound to determine the need for fasciotomy in an elevated muscle compartment pressure cadaver leg model. Injury. , (2019).

Tags

Medicin diagnostiska metoder och procedurer diagnostisk avbildning ultraljud anatomi Muskuloskeletala systemet analytiska diagnostiska och terapeutiska tekniker och utrustning diagnos discipliner och yrken hälsa Yrken kupé syndrom icke-invasiv tryck övervakning intra-kompartment tryck skenben fraktur fasciotomi ultraljud
En ny icke-invasiv metod för detektion av förhöjda intra-kompartmenttryck av benet
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Cite this Article

Herring, M. J., Donohoe, E., Marmor, More

Herring, M. J., Donohoe, E., Marmor, M. T. A Novel Non-invasive Method for the Detection of Elevated Intra-compartmental Pressures of the Leg. J. Vis. Exp. (147), e59887, doi:10.3791/59887 (2019).

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  • Research • Medicine
    Multi-electrode Array Recordings of Human Epileptic Postoperative Cortical Tissue
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection and Extraction of Saliva DNA for Next Generation Sequencing
  • Research • Medicine
    Fast and Accurate Exhaled Breath Ammonia Measurement
  • Research • Medicine
    Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity
  • Research • Medicine
    Two Methods for Establishing Primary Human Endometrial Stromal Cells from Hysterectomy Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessment of Vascular Function in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Coordinate Mapping of Hyolaryngeal Mechanics in Swallowing
  • Research • Medicine
    Network Analysis of the Default Mode Network Using Functional Connectivity MRI in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
  • Research • Medicine
    EEG Mu Rhythm in Typical and Atypical Development
  • Research • Medicine
    The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation and Functional Characterization of Human Ventricular Cardiomyocytes from Fresh Surgical Samples
  • Research • Medicine
    Dynamic Visual Tests to Identify and Quantify Visual Damage and Repair Following Demyelination in Optic Neuritis Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Primary Culture of Human Vestibular Schwannomas
  • Research • Medicine
    Utility of Dissociated Intrinsic Hand Muscle Atrophy in the Diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
  • Research • Medicine
    Lesion Explorer: A Video-guided, Standardized Protocol for Accurate and Reliable MRI-derived Volumetrics in Alzheimer's Disease and Normal Elderly
  • Research • Medicine
    Pulse Wave Velocity Testing in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation, Culture, and Imaging of Human Fetal Pancreatic Cell Clusters
  • Research • Medicine
    3D-Neuronavigation In Vivo Through a Patient's Brain During a Spontaneous Migraine Headache
  • Research • Medicine
    A Novel Application of Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    Computerized Dynamic Posturography for Postural Control Assessment in Patients with Intermittent Claudication
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting Saliva and Measuring Salivary Cortisol and Alpha-amylase in Frail Community Residing Older Adults via Family Caregivers
  • Research • Medicine
    Diffusion Tensor Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Analysis of Neurodegenerative Diseases
  • Research • Medicine
    Transcriptomic Analysis of Human Retinal Surgical Specimens Using jouRNAl
  • Research • Medicine
    Improved Protocol For Laser Microdissection Of Human Pancreatic Islets From Surgical Specimens
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Respiratory Muscle Activation Using Respiratory Motor Control Assessment (RMCA) in Individuals with Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
  • Research • Medicine
    Minimal Erythema Dose (MED) Testing
  • Research • Medicine
    Measuring Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) Activity in Children
  • Research • Medicine
    Collecting And Measuring Wound Exudate Biochemical Mediators In Surgical Wounds
  • Research • Medicine
    A Research Method For Detecting Transient Myocardial Ischemia In Patients With Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome Using Continuous ST-segment Analysis
  • Research • Medicine
    Using a Chemical Biopsy for Graft Quality Assessment
  • Research • Medicine
    Characterizing Exon Skipping Efficiency in DMD Patient Samples in Clinical Trials of Antisense Oligonucleotides
  • Research • Medicine
    In Vitro Assessment of Cardiac Function Using Skinned Cardiomyocytes
  • Research • Medicine
    Normothermic Ex Situ Heart Perfusion in Working Mode: Assessment of Cardiac Function and Metabolism
  • Research • Medicine
    Evaluation of Vascular Control Mechanisms Utilizing Video Microscopy of Isolated Resistance Arteries of Rats
  • Research • Medicine
    Bronchoalveolar Lavage (BAL) for Research; Obtaining Adequate Sample Yield
  • Research • Medicine
    Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
  • Research • Medicine
    Tilt Testing with Combined Lower Body Negative Pressure: a "Gold Standard" for Measuring Orthostatic Tolerance
  • Research • Medicine
    Driving Simulation in the Clinic: Testing Visual Exploratory Behavior in Daily Life Activities in Patients with Visual Field Defects
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation, Characterization and Comparative Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Derived from Permanent Teeth by Using Two Different Methods
  • Research • Medicine
    Portable Intermodal Preferential Looking (IPL): Investigating Language Comprehension in Typically Developing Toddlers and Young Children with Autism
  • Research • Medicine
    Intraoperative Detection of Subtle Endometriosis: A Novel Paradigm for Detection and Treatment of Pelvic Pain Associated with the Loss of Peritoneal Integrity
  • Research • Medicine
    The Use of Primary Human Fibroblasts for Monitoring Mitochondrial Phenotypes in the Field of Parkinson's Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Collection Protocol for Human Pancreas
  • Research • Medicine
    The α-test: Rapid Cell-free CD4 Enumeration Using Whole Saliva
  • Research • Medicine
    The Measurement and Treatment of Suppression in Amblyopia
  • Research • Medicine
    Corneal Donor Tissue Preparation for Endothelial Keratoplasty
  • Research • Medicine
    Quantification of Atherosclerotic Plaque Activity and Vascular Inflammation using [18-F] Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography (FDG-PET/CT)
  • Research • Medicine
    Eye Tracking Young Children with Autism
  • Research • Medicine
    Doppler Optical Coherence Tomography of Retinal Circulation
  • Research • Medicine
    Utilizing Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Study the Human Neuromuscular System
  • Research • Medicine
    Detection and Genogrouping of Noroviruses from Children's Stools By Taqman One-step RT-PCR
  • Research • Medicine
    Method to Measure Tone of Axial and Proximal Muscle
  • Research • Medicine
    The Trier Social Stress Test Protocol for Inducing Psychological Stress
  • Research • Medicine
    Probing the Brain in Autism Using fMRI and Diffusion Tensor Imaging
  • Research • Medicine
    Multifocal Electroretinograms
  • Research • Medicine
    Isolation of Human Islets from Partially Pancreatectomized Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
  • Research • Medicine
    Magnetic Resonance Imaging Quantification of Pulmonary Perfusion using Calibrated Arterial Spin Labeling
  • Research • Medicine
    Manual Muscle Testing: A Method of Measuring Extremity Muscle Strength Applied to Critically Ill Patients
  • Research • Medicine
    Expired CO2 Measurement in Intubated or Spontaneously Breathing Patients from the Emergency Department
  • Research • Medicine
    A Protocol for Comprehensive Assessment of Bulbar Dysfunction in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS)
  • Research • Medicine
    An Investigation of the Effects of Sports-related Concussion in Youth Using Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and the Head Impact Telemetry System
  • Research • Medicine
    Corneal Confocal Microscopy: A Novel Non-invasive Technique to Quantify Small Fibre Pathology in Peripheral Neuropathies
  • Research • Medicine
    Methods to Quantify Pharmacologically Induced Alterations in Motor Function in Human Incomplete SCI
  • Research • Medicine
    Multispectral Real-time Fluorescence Imaging for Intraoperative Detection of the Sentinel Lymph Node in Gynecologic Oncology
  • Research • Medicine
    Technique to Collect Fungiform (Taste) Papillae from Human Tongue
  • Research • Medicine
    Assessing Endothelial Vasodilator Function with the Endo-PAT 2000
  • Research • Medicine
    Making Sense of Listening: The IMAP Test Battery
  • Research • Medicine
    An Experimental Paradigm for the Prediction of Post-Operative Pain (PPOP)
  • Research • Biology
    Bioelectric Analyses of an Osseointegrated Intelligent Implant Design System for Amputees
  • Research • Biology
    Demonstration of Cutaneous Allodynia in Association with Chronic Pelvic Pain
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