superior-auto-identification-trypanosome-parasites-using-hybrid-deep

Superior Auto-Identification of Trypanosome Parasites by Using a Hybrid Deep-Learning Model

Trypanosomiasis is a significant public health problem in several regions across the world, including South Asia and Southeast Asia. The identification of ...

Suan Dusit University

A novel furanosteroid named 9-epi-viridiol (1), along with viridiol (2) and mevalonic acid (3), was isolated from Trichoderma virens. The structure of 1 was verified by combined spectroscopic data (COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY) to be a C-9 epimer of viridiol. 9-epi-Viridiol exhibited cytotoxicity towards HeLa and KB cells with IC50 values of 19 and 50 microg mL(-1), respectively.

9-epi-Viridiol, a novel cytotoxic furanosteroid from soil fungus Trichoderma virens.

Chemical investigation of the onion pathogenic fungus Alternaria porri resulted in the isolation of two new phthalides named zinnimide (2) and deprenylzinnimide (8), along with a new bianthraquinone, alterporriol F (10). The structures of the new metabolites were characterised by spectroscopic analysis and chemical degradation. Of the new compounds isolated, alterporriol F was highly cytotoxic towards HeLa and KB cells, with IC(50) values of 6.5 and 7.0 microg mL(-1).

New antitumour fungal metabolites from Alternaria porri.

The infection of an avian malaria parasite (Plasmodium gallinaceum) in domestic chickens presents a major threat to the poultry industry because it causes economic loss in both the quality and quantity of meat and egg production. Computer-aided diagnosis has been developed to automatically identify avian malaria infections and classify the blood infection stage development. In this study, four types of deep convolutional neural networks, namely Darknet, Darknet19, Darknet19-448 and Densenet201 are used to classify P. gallinaceum blood stages. We randomly collected a dataset of 12,761 single-cell images consisting of three parasite stages from ten-infected blood films stained by Giemsa. All images were confirmed by three well-trained examiners. The study mainly compared several image classification models and used both qualitative and quantitative data for the evaluation of the proposed models. In the model-wise comparison, the four neural network models gave us high values with a mean average accuracy of at least 97%. The Darknet can reproduce a superior performance in the classification of the P. gallinaceum development stages across any other model architectures. Furthermore, the Darknet has the best performance in multiple class-wise classification, with average values of greater than 99% in accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity. It also has a low misclassification rate (< 1%) than the other three models. Therefore, the model is more suitable in the classification of P. gallinaceum blood stages. The findings could help us create a fast-screening method to help non-experts in field studies where there is a lack of specialized instruments for avian malaria diagnostics.

Classification for avian malaria parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum blood stages by using deep convolutional neural networks.

This paper investigates the role of local women village health volunteers, women on the frontline, during COVID-19 in the northern province of Thailand.

Women on the frontline of Covid-19: understanding local women village health volunteers in the northern province of Thailand.

Mosquito-borne diseases such as dengue fever and malaria are the top 10 leading causes of death in low-income countries. Control measure for the mosquito population plays an essential role in the fight against the disease. Currently, several intervention strategies; chemical-, biological-, mechanical- and environmental methods remain under development and need further improvement in their effectiveness. Although, a conventional entomological surveillance, required a microscope and taxonomic key for identification by professionals, is a key strategy to evaluate the population growth of these mosquitoes, these techniques are tedious, time-consuming, labor-intensive, and reliant on skillful and well-trained personnel. Here, we proposed an automatic screening, namely the deep metric learning approach and its inference under the image-retrieval process with Euclidean distance-based similarity. We aimed to develop the optimized model to find suitable miners and suggested the robustness of the proposed model by evaluating it with unseen data under a 20-returned image system. During the model development, well-trained ResNet34 are outstanding and no performance difference when comparing five data miners that showed up to 98% in its precision even after testing the model with both image sources: stereomicroscope and mobile phone cameras. The robustness of the proposed-trained model was tested with secondary unseen data which showed different environmental factors such as lighting, image scales, background colors and zoom levels. Nevertheless, our proposed neural network still has great performance with greater than 95% for sensitivity and precision, respectively. Also, the area under the ROC curve given the learning system seems to be practical and empirical with its value greater than 0.960. The results of the study may be used by public health authorities to locate mosquito vectors nearby. If used in the field, our research tool in particular is believed to accurately represent a real-world scenario.

Article	Year
9-epi-Viridiol, a novel cytotoxic furanosteroid from soil fungus Trichoderma virens. Natural product research\| PubMed ID: 17393658	2006
New antitumour fungal metabolites from Alternaria porri. Natural product research\| PubMed ID: 19662571	2009
Classification for avian malaria parasite Plasmodium gallinaceum blood stages by using deep convolutional neural networks. Scientific reports\| PubMed ID: 34413434	2021
Women on the frontline of Covid-19: understanding local women village health volunteers in the northern province of Thailand. BMC health services research\| PubMed ID: 36978135	2023
Automatic identification of medically important mosquitoes using embedded learning approach-based image-retrieval system. Scientific reports\| PubMed ID: 37391476	2023

Rangsan Jomtarak

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