Tecnica mini-invasiva per iniezione in Rat nervo ottico
Summary
Direct injection into the rat optic nerve is useful for regenerative research. We demonstrate a minimally-invasive technique for direct injection into a rat optic nerve that does not involve opening the skull. Using this method, surgical complications are minimized and recovery is more rapid.
Abstract
The rat optic nerve is a useful model for stem cell regeneration research. Direct injection into the rat optic nerve allows delivery into the central nervous system in a minimally-invasive surgery without bone removal. This technique describes an approach to visualization and direct injection of the optic nerve following minor fascial dissection from the orbital ridge, using a conjunctival traction suture to gently pull the eye down and out. Representative examples of an injected optic nerve show successful injection of dyed beads.
Introduction
Il nervo ottico offre una posizione ideale per il sistema nervoso centrale (SNC) ricerca rigenerativa comprese le condizioni oftalmologiche quali neurite ottica, glaucoma e traumi. Iniezioni di una varietà di cellule staminali hanno né dimostrato l'efficacia o mostrato risultati promettenti nel sostituire persi mielina, aumentando conta assonale e / o prevenire le malattie degenerative. 1,2
Il nervo ottico umano contiene circa 1,2 milioni di assoni parallele viaggiano dalla retina al chiasma con un diametro di circa 3,0-3,5 mm. 3 Per modellare malattie umane in laboratorio, il ratto è stato utilizzato di frequente. Il nervo ottico ratto adulto contiene circa 100.000 assoni in un diametro di circa 0,5 mm. 4 Una delle maggiori limitazioni nella CNS ricerca rigenerativa è l'accesso senza osso diretto. Complicanze e rischi chirurgici per l'animale più elevati, se il cranio o vertebre vengono rimossi. Simile ai benefici dellaapprocci minimamente invasivi nella colonna vertebrale, 5 iniezioni del nervo ottico diretti senza aprire il cranio offrono ridotto complicazioni e un recupero più rapido.
Questa tecnica è stata utilizzata in studi precedenti. 6 In questo manoscritto e video che accompagna, dimostriamo una procedura minimamente invasiva per iniettare le cellule staminali nel nervo ottico topo.
Protocol
Representative Results
Discussion
Direct injection into the optic nerve of stem cells or other products intended to facilitate regeneration provides a convenient model compared to other means of injections into the CNS. This technique takes less time, requires less total anesthesia, avoids drilling or removing skull or bone tissue, reduces complications rates and allows for more rapid recovery following surgery.
The most critical steps in this protocol include: 1. Adequate hemostasis in the surgical field to allow clear visua…
Disclosures
The authors have nothing to disclose.
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by NeuralStem, Inc., and Johns Hopkins Project RESTORE.
Materials
| Name of Material/ Equipment | Company | Catalog Number | Comments/Description |
| Lewis rat | Charles River | 4 | Any rat strain will work. |
| Anesthesia machine | Surgivet | CDS9000 | CDS 9000 Small Animal Anesthesia Machine – Pole Mount |
| Infusion pump | Stoelting | 53129 | |
| Dissection microscope | National Optical | 409-411-1105 | |
| Fiber-optic light source | Fisher Scientific | 12-562-21 | |
| Dissection and Stereotaxic Instrument | Stoelting | 51400 | |
| Pipette Puller | Kopf | 750 | |
| Pipettes | World Precision Instruments | 18150-6 | |
| Disposable scalpel blades | Harvard Apparatus | 810-15-021 | |
| Iridectomy scissors | Electron Microscopy Sciences | Uniband LA-4XF |
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