Chapter 15
Acids and Bases
![Bronsted-Lowry Acids and Bases](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11394.jpg)
The acid-base reaction class has been studied for quite some time. In 1680, Robert Boyle reported traits of acid solutions that included their…
![Acid/Base Strengths and Dissociation Constants](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11395.jpg)
The relative strength of an acid or base is the extent to which it ionizes when dissolved in water. If the ionization reaction is essentially…
![pH Scale](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11397.jpg)
Hydronium and hydroxide ions are present both in pure water and in all aqueous solutions, and their concentrations are inversely proportional as…
![Relative Strengths of Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11398.jpg)
Brønsted-Lowry acid-base chemistry is the transfer of protons; thus, logic suggests a relation between the relative strengths of conjugate…
![Weak Acid Solutions](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11400.jpg)
Few compounds act as strong acids. A far greater number of compounds behave as weak acids and only partially react with water, leaving a large…
![Weak Base Solutions](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11401.jpg)
Some compounds produce hydroxide ions when dissolved by chemically reacting with water molecules. In all cases, these compounds react only partially…
![Ions as Acids and Bases](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11403.jpg)
Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base…
![Determining the pH of Salt Solutions](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/media/science-education/science-education-thumbs/11404.jpg)
The pH of a salt solution is determined by its component anions and cations. Salts that contain pH-neutral anions and the hydronium ion-producing…
![Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/thumbs/60745_t.png)
Characterizing Lewis Pairs Using Titration Coupled with In Situ Infrared Spectroscopy
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Lewis acid-activation of carbonyl-containing substrates is a fundamental basis for facilitating transformations in organic chemistry. Historically,…
![Sedimentation Equilibrium of a Small Oligomer-forming Membrane Protein: Effect of Histidine Protonation on Pentameric Stability](https://cloudfront.jove.com/files/thumbs/52404_t.png)
Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) can be used to study reversible interactions between macromolecules over a wide range of interaction strengths…