Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology 2 articles published in JoVE Chemistry A Femtoliter Droplet Array for Massively Parallel Protein Synthesis from Single DNA Molecules Yi Zhang1, Kanako Kurosawa1, Daisuke Nishiura2, Mika Tei1, Mikiko Tsudome3 1SUGAR Program, X-star, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 2Center for Mathematical Science and Advanced Technology, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 3Deep-Sea Nanoscience Research Group, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC) The overall goal of the protocol is to prepare over one million ordered, uniform, stable, and biocompatible femtoliter droplets on a 1 cm2 planar substrate that can be used for cell-free protein synthesis. Biology Characterization of Calcification Events Using Live Optical and Electron Microscopy Techniques in a Marine Tubeworm Vera B. S. Chan1, Takashi Toyofuku2, George Wetzel3, Laxmikant Saraf3, Vengatesen Thiyagarajan4, Andrew S. Mount1 1Department of Biological Sciences, Clemson University, 2Department of Marine Biodiversity Research (BioDive), Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), 3Advanced Material Research Laboratory (AMRL), Clemson University, 4Swire Institute of Marine Sciences and School of Biological Sciences, The University of Hong Kong We demonstrate the use of various microscopy methods that are useful in observing the calcification of a tubeworm, Hydroides elegans, as well as locating and characterizing the first calcified material. Live microscopy and electron microscopy are used together to provide functional and material information that are important in studying biomineralization.