Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource 1 article published in JoVE Engineering Characterization of Electrode Materials for Lithium Ion and Sodium Ion Batteries Using Synchrotron Radiation Techniques Marca M. Doeff1, Guoying Chen1, Jordi Cabana1,2, Thomas J. Richardson1, Apurva Mehta3, Mona Shirpour1, Hugues Duncan1, Chunjoong Kim1, Kinson C. Kam4, Thomas Conry5 1Environmental Energy Technologies Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 2Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 3Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, 4Haldor Topsøe A/S, 5PolyPlus Battery Company We describe the use of synchrotron X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques to probe details of intercalation/deintercalation processes in electrode materials for Li-ion and Na-ion batteries. Both in situ and ex situ experiments are used to understand structural behavior relevant to the operation of devices