Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System 2 articles published in JoVE Cancer Research Multimodal Bioluminescent and Positronic-emission Tomography/Computational Tomography Imaging of Multiple Myeloma Bone Marrow Xenografts in NOG Mice Gilbert Gastelum1, Eric Y. Chang2, David Shackleford3, Nicholas Bernthal3, Jeffery Kraut1,3, Kevin Francis4, Victoria Smutko1, Patrick Frost1,3 1Greater Los Angeles Veteran Administration Healthcare System, 2San Diego Veterans Administration Healthcare System, 3University of California, Los Angeles, 4Perkin Elmer Here we use bioluminescent, X-ray, and positron-emission tomography/computed tomography imaging to study how inhibiting mTOR activity impacts bone marrow-engrafted myeloma tumors in a xenograft model. This allows for physiologically relevant, non-invasive, and multimodal analyses of the anti-myeloma effect of therapies targeting bone marrow-engrafted myeloma tumors in vivo. Neuroscience Immunohistochemical and Calcium Imaging Methods in Wholemount Rat Retina Allison Sargoy1, Steven Barnes1,2,3, Nicholas C. Brecha1,2,4, Luis Pérez De Sevilla Müller1 1Department of Neurobiology, University of California, Los Angeles, 2Veterans Administration Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 3Departments of Physiology & Biophysics and Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Dalhousie University, 4Departments of Neurobiology and Medicine, Jules Stein Eye Institute, CURE-Digestive Diseases Research Center, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles Immunohistochemistry protocols are used to study the localization of a specific protein in the retina. Calcium imaging techniques are employed to study calcium dynamics in retinal ganglion cells and their axons.